Release 0.16.0: owner-only invite for per-RFC contribution + discussion (+ #21 Part C Amplitude wiring)

Wave 5 / Track B. Roadmap item #12. Folds in #21 Part C Amplitude
wiring inline (operator ask: "best practices from the very get-go").

RFC owners can invite specific users to one of two per-RFC roles:
contributor (open PRs + join discussion) or discussant (discussion
only). Non-invited users keep the v0.6.0 anonymous-read contract.
The per-RFC write gate layers on top of the existing
require_contributor gate; a super-draft with no owners yet falls
through to the platform-granted contract, preserving the
v0.6.0/v0.7.0/v0.8.0 contracts in their domains.

Backend: migration 018_rfc_invitations.sql (auto-applied — two
tables: rfc_invitations + rfc_collaborators); api_invitations.py
with five endpoints + transactional email; auth.py helpers
(is_rfc_owner / is_rfc_collaborator / can_discuss_rfc /
can_contribute_to_rfc / can_invite_to_rfc); api_discussion +
api_branches + api_prs gate composition; api_admin.py additive
rfc_invitations[] per user. 237 backend tests pass (18 new in
test_rfc_invitations_vertical.py).

Frontend: InvitationsModal.jsx (owner surface), AcceptInvitation.jsx
(/invitations/accept route), api.js helpers, RFCView.jsx
Invitations button, App.jsx route registration.

Amplitude wiring (inline, #21 Part C):
  - INVITATION_SENT from InvitationsModal { rfc_slug, role_in_rfc }
  - INVITATION_ACCEPTED from AcceptInvitation { rfc_slug, role_in_rfc }
  - identify() BEFORE the accept event with properties: invited_at
    (setOnce), last_invited_to_rfc, last_invite_role_in_rfc,
    claim_method: 'rfc-invite'
  - EVENTS taxonomy extended with INVITATION_SENT + INVITATION_ACCEPTED

No new secrets, no new overlay keys, no operator gesture beyond the
v0.15.0 overlay-set + restart. Frontend build verified green.

Subagent ν shipped the feature on feature/v0.16.0-owner-invite
(a51beec). Driver-side integration squash-merged into main,
hand-resolved VERSION + package.json + CHANGELOG (strict-descending
0.16.0 → 0.15.0), and added the inline Amplitude wiring.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -23,6 +23,351 @@ skip versions are the composition of each intervening adjacent
 release's steps in order — no A-to-B path is pre-computed beyond
 that.
 
+## 0.16.0 — 2026-05-28
+
+**Minor — schema migration auto-applied; no operator action.** This
+release lands the owner-only invite for per-RFC PR or PR-less
+discussion (roadmap item #12). The RFC's owner can now invite
+specific users by email to one of two per-RFC roles —
+`contributor` (open PRs against the RFC AND join its discussion) or
+`discussant` (join the discussion only). Non-invited users keep
+the v0.6.0 anonymous-read contract: they can read but cannot
+write/discuss that RFC. Invitations are token-encoded in a
+transactional email; acceptance lands a per-RFC collaborator row
+and surfaces in the admin user-management page (additive on the
+existing `/api/admin/users` shape) so the platform-grant decision
+has the per-RFC context to inform it. The platform-level grant
+remains the admin's call — this release adds a per-RFC membership
+layer beneath it, not a new platform-grant path.
+
+The per-RFC write gate is layered on top of the existing
+`require_contributor` (v0.8.0) gate, not in place of it: a user
+must be platform-granted AND hold an accepted per-RFC role (or
+be the RFC owner / a platform admin/owner) to write. A super-
+draft with no frontmatter owners yet (pre-§13.1 claim) falls
+through to the platform-granted contract — there's no owner to
+issue invitations, so the gate is open until one exists. This
+preserves the v0.6.0 / v0.7.0 / v0.8.0 contracts inside their
+domains and confines item #12's change to "an RFC has owners →
+those owners decide who writes."
+
+### Added
+
+- **`backend/migrations/018_rfc_invitations.sql`** — two tables.
+  `rfc_invitations` carries the lifecycle row (issued, accepted,
+  revoked, expired) with the opaque token the email link encodes,
+  the inviter, the invitee email, the role-in-RFC, and the 30-day
+  expiry. `rfc_collaborators` is the accepted-invitation
+  substrate — the compact (rfc, user, role) shape the write gate
+  consults. Both tables are FK-cascaded against `cached_rfcs` and
+  `users` per §5's cascade rules. Indexed for the owner's listing,
+  the accept-by-token lookup, and the per-user read.
+- **`backend/app/api_invitations.py`** — the §17 surface. Five
+  endpoints: `POST /api/rfcs/{slug}/invitations` (create + email),
+  `GET /api/rfcs/{slug}/invitations` (owner's listing),
+  `POST /api/rfcs/{slug}/invitations/{id}/revoke`,
+  `GET /api/invitations/accept?token=…` (preview), and
+  `POST /api/invitations/accept` (redeem). The email reuses
+  `EmailConfig.from_env()` and the `_SENT` buffer the OTC and
+  notification mailers share — transactional, no preferences
+  honored, no unsubscribe footer. A failure to send does NOT
+  roll back the row; the owner has the token on the listing
+  surface for an out-of-band share.
+- **`backend/app/auth.py`** — four helpers. `is_rfc_owner`
+  reads the frontmatter `owners_json`. `is_rfc_collaborator`
+  reads the v0.16.0 `rfc_collaborators` table. `can_discuss_rfc`
+  and `can_contribute_to_rfc` are the composite predicates the
+  write endpoints consult (platform admin/owner OR no-owners-yet
+  fall-through OR RFC owner OR per-RFC collaborator at the right
+  role). `can_invite_to_rfc` is the issue-side predicate (RFC
+  owner or platform admin/owner only — collaborators don't get
+  invite power).
+- **`frontend/src/components/InvitationsModal.jsx`** — the RFC
+  owner's surface: an email input + role picker for sending,
+  and a status table for listing/revoking. Visible only to the
+  RFC's owner or a platform admin/owner (the backend gates the
+  endpoints regardless).
+- **`frontend/src/components/AcceptInvitation.jsx`** — the
+  `/invitations/accept?token=…` landing page. Previews what the
+  invitation grants, refuses on email mismatch / revoked /
+  expired with a single sentence each, redirects to the RFC's
+  view on accept.
+- **API client (`frontend/src/api.js`)** — five new helpers:
+  `listRFCInvitations`, `createRFCInvitation`,
+  `revokeRFCInvitation`, `previewInvitation`, `acceptInvitation`.
+- **Amplitude wiring** (per `ohm-rfc/ROADMAP.md` #21 Part C, shipped
+  inline with v0.16.0): `INVITATION_SENT` event fires from
+  `InvitationsModal.jsx` on successful send with `{ rfc_slug,
+  role_in_rfc }`; `INVITATION_ACCEPTED` event fires from
+  `AcceptInvitation.jsx` on successful accept with the same shape —
+  but the accept path first calls `identify({ user_id, properties:
+  { invited_at (setOnce), last_invited_to_rfc,
+  last_invite_role_in_rfc, claim_method: 'rfc-invite' } })` so the
+  Amplitude user record carries the invite context from the moment
+  of acceptance. No invitee email or other PII enters the event
+  body — only the slug, role, and the inviter's identity (through
+  the standard signed-in identify on the inviter's session).
+
+### Changed
+
+- **`backend/app/api.py`** — registers
+  `api_invitations.make_router()` alongside the existing routers.
+- **`backend/app/api_discussion.py`** — `POST .../discussion/threads`
+  and `POST .../discussion/threads/{thread_id}/messages` now compose
+  the new `auth.can_discuss_rfc` predicate after the existing
+  `require_contributor` check. A platform-granted user without a
+  per-RFC discussion role on an RFC with owners gets 403 with
+  "This RFC's owner has not invited you to its discussion."
+- **`backend/app/api_branches.py`** — `POST .../promote-to-branch`
+  and `POST .../start-edit-branch` now compose
+  `auth.can_contribute_to_rfc`. Same shape: platform-granted but
+  uninvited → 403.
+- **`backend/app/api_prs.py`** — `POST .../open-pr` also composes
+  `auth.can_contribute_to_rfc` so a user whose per-RFC role was
+  revoked between branch-cut and PR-open is refused at the
+  ship line.
+- **`backend/app/api_admin.py`** — `GET /api/admin/users` carries
+  a new `rfc_invitations` array per user (empty if none), naming
+  each accepted per-RFC collaboration with the RFC slug/title,
+  the role, the inviter, and the timestamp. Additive — the
+  existing v0.9.0 columns are unchanged; consumers that don't
+  read the new field see the legacy shape.
+- **`frontend/src/App.jsx`** — registers the
+  `/invitations/accept` route (visible to anonymous + signed-in
+  viewers; signed-out viewers see a sign-in prompt).
+- **`frontend/src/components/RFCView.jsx`** — additive
+  "Invitations" button in the RFC header strip, visible to RFC
+  owners and platform admins/owners on both super-drafts and
+  active RFCs. Mounts the new modal on click.
+- **`backend/tests/test_propose_vertical.py`** — adds the
+  `grant_rfc_collaborator` test helper so v0.5.0/v0.6.0/v0.8.0-era
+  tests that exercise non-owner contribution can opt into the new
+  invitation contract without rewriting their setup.
+- **`backend/tests/test_pr_flow_vertical.py`,
+  `backend/tests/test_graduation_vertical.py`,
+  `backend/tests/test_e2e_smoke.py`** — three tests that signed in
+  as non-owner contributors now seed an accepted per-RFC
+  collaborator row first (mirroring the production invite→accept
+  dance). The test intent is unchanged; the precondition is now
+  explicit.
+
+### Migration
+
+- **`018_rfc_invitations.sql`** — auto-applied on backend start by
+  the existing `db.run_migrations()` sweep. The two new tables
+  are empty at upgrade time; no existing data is touched. No
+  operator gesture needed.
+
+### Upgrade steps (from 0.15.0, or 0.14.0 if 0.15.0 is skipped)
+
+- You **MUST** rebuild the frontend and restart the backend after
+  upgrading so the new endpoints, the migration, the gate
+  composition in `api_discussion`/`api_branches`/`api_prs`, and the
+  new frontend routes/components are picked up. `frontend/package.json#version`
+  and `VERSION` both move to `0.16.0`.
+- You **MUST NOT** set any new env var — there are no new secrets
+  and no new overlay keys. The email path reuses the existing
+  `SMTP_HOST` / `SMTP_PORT` / `SMTP_USER` / `SMTP_PASSWORD` /
+  `EMAIL_FROM` / `EMAIL_FROM_NAME` / `APP_URL` / `EMAIL_ENABLED`
+  variables that the v0.7.0 OTC and v0.5.0 notification paths
+  already require. Deployments that have those wired need no
+  configuration change.
+- You **MUST NOT** apply the migration manually — the backend's
+  migration runner picks up `018_rfc_invitations.sql` on next
+  start. (If you've configured an external migration tool, run it
+  before starting the backend; the framework's own runner is
+  idempotent against already-applied migrations.)
+- You **SHOULD** inform existing RFC owners that they can now
+  invite collaborators from the RFC view's header strip. RFCs
+  with frontmatter owners that pre-date this release see no
+  behavioral change for the owner; the change is visible to
+  non-owner contributors who previously could write on any RFC
+  and now must be invited first.
+- You **MAY** seed `rfc_collaborators` rows directly via SQL for
+  pre-existing per-RFC working relationships you want to
+  grandfather past the v0.16.0 cutover. The `invitation_id`
+  column is nullable for exactly this purpose. Production
+  deployments without that history can ignore this option.
+## 0.15.0 — 2026-05-28
+
+**Minor — no schema migration; one new build-time env var bound via
+`flotilla overlay set`.** This release ships Amplitude Analytics +
+Session Replay instrumentation (roadmap item #13). The frontend
+gains a small wrapper around `@amplitude/unified` that gates SDK
+initialization on the v0.13.0 cookie/privacy consent — the SDK is
+never loaded for visitors who have not granted analytics consent,
+no session is recorded, no network request fires; a later consent
+flip to `denied` calls `setOptOut(true)` so events and session
+replay stop immediately. The wrapper exposes a stable taxonomy of
+nine events (Page Viewed, RFC Viewed, User Signed In / Signed Out,
+RFC Proposed, PR Opened, Comment Posted, Beta Access Requested, Admin
+Permission Decision) wired into the existing routes, the Login flow,
+the propose / open-PR / discussion / PR-review surfaces, and the
+admin grant/revoke action. Event bodies carry only ids and enums; no
+free-text fields (titles, comment bodies, names, emails) are ever
+sent. **Session replay** records sessions at `sampleRate: 1` (100%)
+— vendor-recommended default; gated by the same v0.13.0 analytics
+consent. The Amplitude API key is read from `VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY`
+at build time; when unset, the wrapper logs one console warning and
+no-ops so dev environments without analytics keep working. No backend
+events ship in this release — Amplitude SaaS holds the events,
+nothing lands in our DB, no migration.
+
+### Added
+
+- **Analytics wrapper** (`frontend/src/lib/analytics.js`). Public
+  surface: `track(name, props)`, `identify({ user_id, properties? })`,
+  `setUserProperties(properties)`, `anonymize()`, the `EVENTS`
+  taxonomy constant, and a `__resetForTests` helper. Internally
+  lazy-imports `@amplitude/unified` and calls
+  `amplitude.initAll(API_KEY, { analytics: { autocapture: true },
+  sessionReplay: { sampleRate: 1 } })` only after consent is
+  granted; queues pre-init calls and drains them on init resolve;
+  flips `setOptOut(true)` on a granted→denied consent change (stops
+  both analytics events and session replay). The wrapper subscribes
+  to `onConsentChange()` so a freshly-banner-clicked "analytics on"
+  flips the SDK live without a page reload.
+- **User identity lifecycle** (per `ohm-rfc/ROADMAP.md` #21 Part C —
+  shipped inline with v0.15.0 instead of waiting for a follow-up).
+  `identify({ user_id, properties })` accepts a property bag that
+  applies as an Amplitude `Identify` event with `.set()` semantics
+  by default; values wrapped as `['__setOnce__', value]` apply with
+  `.setOnce()` semantics (immutable after first write — for
+  account-history markers like `first_sign_in_at`). The new
+  `setUserProperties(properties)` exposes the same property-apply
+  path for mid-session state changes (role grant/revoke, passcode
+  set, device trusted) so the Amplitude record stays current without
+  waiting for the next sign-in. `anonymize()` now clears both the
+  user_id binding AND the pending-property cache so a subsequent
+  sign-in as a different user starts with a fully fresh slate.
+- **Event taxonomy** wired into the app:
+  - `Page Viewed` — fires from `App.jsx` on every route change with
+    `path` (`location.pathname`); the location hook owns the firing
+    and dedupes by path.
+  - `RFC Viewed` — fires from `RFCView.jsx` once per slug load with
+    `rfc_slug` and `rfc_id`.
+  - `User Signed In` — fires from `Login.jsx` with
+    `method ∈ { 'otc', 'passcode', 'trust-device' }` matching the
+    three sign-in paths from v0.7.0 / v0.10.0 / v0.11.0.
+  - `User Signed Out` — fires from `App.jsx`'s "Sign out" click,
+    followed by `anonymize()` to clear the SDK's user binding before
+    the hard nav to `/auth/logout`.
+  - `RFC Proposed` — fires from `ProposeModal.jsx` on submit success
+    with `rfc_slug`.
+  - `PR Opened` — fires from `PRModal.jsx` on submit success with
+    `rfc_slug` and `pr_number`.
+  - `Comment Posted` — fires from `RFCDiscussionPanel.jsx`
+    (`surface: 'discussion'`) and from `PRView.jsx`
+    (`surface: 'pr'`, with `pr_number`) on each post-success.
+  - `Beta Access Requested` — fires from `Login.jsx` capture-profile
+    submit success. No PII in the event.
+  - `Admin Permission Decision` — fires from `Admin.jsx`'s grant /
+    revoke action with `action ∈ { 'grant', 'revoke' }` and
+    `target_user_id` (string).
+- **User binding + properties** (`App.jsx`): when `me.authenticated`
+  lands and a user id is available, the wrapper's
+  `identify({ user_id, properties })` is called with
+  `String(viewer.id)` AND a durable property bag — `role`,
+  `permission_state`, `passcode_set`, `device_trusted` (mutable;
+  refresh each sign-in), plus `first_sign_in_at` and
+  `account_created_at` (setOnce — immutable user-history markers).
+  The sign-out gesture calls `anonymize()` before the nav. No email,
+  display name, gitea_login, or other PII is passed through the SDK —
+  Amplitude only sees opaque ids, enums, timestamps, booleans.
+- **`@amplitude/unified`** dependency added to
+  `frontend/package.json` (analytics + session replay in one
+  install). Lockfile updated.
+- **`VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY`** documented in `frontend/.env.example`
+  with the secret-vs-overlay binding caveat (see below).
+
+### Changed
+
+- **`frontend/src/App.jsx`** — adds `useLocation` for the route-change
+  Page Viewed firing, a `lastUserIdRef` memo to call
+  `identify` once per signed-in viewer, and an `onClick` handler on
+  the "Sign out" link that fires `User Signed Out` + `anonymize()`
+  before the hard nav.
+- **`frontend/src/components/Login.jsx`** — fires `User Signed In`
+  with the appropriate `method` at each of the three sign-in points
+  (trust-device cookie path, passcode verify success, OTC verify
+  success), and fires `Beta Access Requested` on capture-profile
+  submit success.
+- **`frontend/src/components/ProposeModal.jsx`** — fires `RFC Proposed`
+  with `rfc_slug` on submit success.
+- **`frontend/src/components/RFCView.jsx`** — fires `RFC Viewed`
+  inside the `getRFC` resolution so the event is keyed on the slug
+  param and includes the loaded `rfc_id`.
+- **`frontend/src/components/PRModal.jsx`** — fires `PR Opened` with
+  `rfc_slug` and `pr_number` on submit success.
+- **`frontend/src/components/RFCDiscussionPanel.jsx`** — fires
+  `Comment Posted` with `surface: 'discussion'` on send-success.
+- **`frontend/src/components/PRView.jsx`** — fires `Comment Posted`
+  with `surface: 'pr'` and `pr_number` on review-comment success.
+- **`frontend/src/components/Admin.jsx`** — fires
+  `Admin Permission Decision` on grant/revoke success.
+
+### Migration
+
+- **No schema migration.** Amplitude SaaS holds the events; the
+  framework's DB is unchanged. Migration slot **015** is unused by
+  this release and remains available for the next minor that needs a
+  schema bump.
+
+### Caveat — overlay binding for `VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY`
+
+Amplitude browser API keys are embedded in the frontend bundle at
+build time and visible to anyone with browser dev tools. They are
+public by design — same nature as the v0.12.0
+`VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY` (also public, also bundle-embedded,
+explicitly contrasted with `CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET` which is
+the real secret-half of that pair). The Amplitude installation
+guidance from the vendor shows the key inline as a literal string
+argument to `initAll(…)`, confirming the public framing. This
+release accordingly binds the value via `flotilla overlay set`,
+not `flotilla secret set` — the env-var name is `VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY`
+(Vite-prefix convention, so the build picks it up directly without
+an alias step).
+
+(Roadmap row #13 originally said "new secret: AMPLITUDE_API_KEY";
+that wording predated vendor consultation. Mid-Session-L the
+operator provisioned the Amplitude project, surfaced the vendor's
+recommended init prompt, and the binding settled as overlay. The
+roadmap row will be updated to match when #13 ships.)
+
+### Caveat — session replay scope and consent
+
+This release enables Amplitude Session Replay at `sampleRate: 1`
+(100% of sessions recorded for full-DOM playback). The vendor's
+installation wizard recommends this default for new deployments —
+maximum learning during the early phase. The v0.13.0 single
+"analytics" consent toggle gates session replay together with
+events, so no recording happens without explicit opt-in. A future
+release **MAY** split this into a separate consent category for
+session replay specifically (recording has a meaningfully larger
+privacy footprint than event counters); §19.2 candidate.
+
+### Upgrade steps (from 0.14.0)
+
+- You **MUST** install the new frontend dependency before building:
+  `cd frontend && npm install` picks up `@amplitude/unified` from
+  the updated `frontend/package.json` and the refreshed
+  `package-lock.json`. The lockfile change is committed.
+- You **MUST** rebuild the frontend after upgrading so the analytics
+  wrapper and its consent gate ship to viewers. `frontend/package.json#version`
+  and `VERSION` both move to `0.15.0`. No schema migration; the
+  backend is unchanged for this release.
+- **MUST**: before deploying, the operator runs `/Users/benstull/projects/wiggleverse/ohm-rfc-app-flotilla/.venv/bin/ohm-rfc-app-flotilla overlay set ohm-rfc-app VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY=<key>` to bind the Amplitude project's public API key. (Receiving the value in the conversation is fine — it's bundle-embedded by design, same as `VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY`.) The deploy **SHOULD NOT** proceed before this binding exists; if the binding is absent, the frontend's analytics wrapper no-ops with a console warning and the rest of the app continues to function — but no events or session replays are sent.
+- You **MAY** leave `VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY` unset in dev environments
+  — the wrapper detects the empty value and no-ops with a single
+  console warning. The app, the consent banner, and every other
+  surface keep working unchanged.
+- You **SHOULD** verify after deploy that the Amplitude dashboard
+  receives events and a session replay when a consenting browser
+  exercises one of the taxonomy events (the easiest probe: open the
+  deployed site in an Incognito window, accept analytics on the
+  consent banner, navigate to an RFC, and watch the project's live
+  event stream + replay panel).
+
 ## 0.14.0 — 2026-05-28
 
 **Minor — no operator action required; new optional env var.** This
@@ -197,6 +542,264 @@ consent infrastructure is wired so item #13 (v0.15.0) can read from
   (because their `cookie_consent` row does not yet exist); their
   current sessions remain valid.
 
+## 0.12.0 — 2026-05-28
+
+**Minor — operator action required (new secret + new overlay).**
+CloudFlare Turnstile gates the email-entry step of the OTC sign-in
+flow against automated abuse (roadmap item #10, SPEC §6.2 / §19.2-
+settled). Since v0.7.0 made `/auth/otc/request` the primary human-
+auth path and v0.8.0 opened the request endpoint to any valid email,
+the OTC dispatch became the natural target for distributed scrapers
+fanning out to harvest "this email is admitted vs. this email is
+not" timing/bounce signals. The per-email cooldown stops the trivial
+back-to-back loop; the Turnstile challenge stops the distributed one
+by costing the attacker a browser-side proof-of-humanness on every
+request. The challenge runs before the bcrypt hash + SMTP send so a
+failed verify spends no rate budget and produces no envelope.
+
+Scope: the widget renders on the email-entry step of `/login` only.
+The OTC verify step (where the user pastes the six-digit code) is
+already bottlenecked on email delivery and protected by the
+five-minute TTL + single-use consume on the row; a second challenge
+there would double the rate budget against the same abuse path
+without measurably more protection. If bots adapt to defeat the
+email-entry challenge specifically — pushing the abuse vector onto
+the verify step — a future release adds the second widget. The
+widget also renders on the passcode step's "Use a code instead"
+fallback dispatch since that route also calls `/auth/otc/request`.
+
+Default policy: `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=false`. The gate stays open when
+the secret is absent — the dev / test path, and the pre-rollout
+path while the operator is wiring the secret. Once the secret is in
+GCP Secret Manager and the site key is in the overlay, the operator
+**MAY** flip `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true` so a future config drift on
+the secret fails loudly (HTTP 500 "auth misconfigured") instead of
+silently disabling abuse defense.
+
+No schema migration — Turnstile siteverify is stateless.
+
+### Added
+
+- **`backend/app/turnstile.py`** — the siteverify caller. POSTs
+  `secret` + `response` (+ optional `remoteip`) to
+  `https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/siteverify` and
+  returns a `VerifyOutcome` (`ok` boolean + `reason` enum:
+  `ok` / `skipped` / `misconfigured` / `missing-token` / `failed` /
+  `network`). Tunables read from env at call time so tests
+  monkeypatch cleanly: `CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET`,
+  `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED`, and (test-only) `TURNSTILE_SITEVERIFY_URL`.
+- **`frontend/src/components/TurnstileWidget.jsx`** — the React
+  wrapper around the official CloudFlare Turnstile JS API. Reads the
+  site key from `import.meta.env.VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY`; renders
+  nothing when the var is unset (the form still submits and the
+  backend's `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED` policy decides admission). Loads
+  the CloudFlare script once per page on first widget mount. Cleans
+  up the widget instance on unmount via `turnstile.remove()` so a
+  remount produces a fresh challenge rather than reusing a stale,
+  already-consumed token.
+- **Backend tests** (`backend/tests/test_turnstile_vertical.py`) —
+  five vertical scenarios: happy path (secret + valid token →
+  admit), siteverify rejects → 400 + no envelope, missing-token →
+  400 + no envelope, missing-secret-soft (default) → admit, and
+  missing-secret-hard (`TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true`) → 500
+  "misconfigured". All five mock the siteverify HTTP call via
+  `monkeypatch.setattr(turnstile.httpx, "post", …)`; no real
+  CloudFlare keys are ever embedded.
+- **SPEC `§6.2`** — names the Turnstile gate on the OTC dispatch as
+  the v0.12.0 settled shape; the §19.2 candidate from v0.7.0 closes.
+
+### Changed
+
+- **`backend/app/main.py`** — `OtcRequestBody` grows an optional
+  `turnstile_token` field. The `/auth/otc/request` handler calls
+  `turnstile.verify_token` first, before `otc.request_code`, so a
+  failed challenge spends no rate budget and produces no envelope.
+  The handler maps `misconfigured` → HTTP 500, all other failures
+  (`missing-token`, `failed`, `network`) → uniform HTTP 400 so the
+  response does not enumerate which leg of the challenge broke.
+- **`frontend/src/api.js`** — `requestOtc` accepts a second arg
+  `{ turnstileToken }` and threads it into the request body. The
+  positional signature stays backwards-compatible so calls that pass
+  only an email still type-check.
+- **`frontend/src/components/Login.jsx`** — the email step and the
+  passcode step both render `<TurnstileWidget>`. The submit button
+  on the email step is disabled until the widget produces a token
+  (when the widget is enabled at build time); the "Use a code
+  instead" link on the passcode step has the same gate. A 400 from
+  `/auth/otc/request` clears the token and surfaces a "couldn't
+  verify you're human, please retry" status. The fallback-from-
+  passcode path bounces back to the email step on 400 so the user
+  gets a fresh challenge in the natural place.
+- **`backend/.env.example`** — documents `CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET`
+  and `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED` alongside the existing OTC tunables.
+- **`frontend/.env.example`** — documents `VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY`
+  with the operator wire-up procedure (dash.cloudflare.com →
+  Turnstile → Add site).
+
+### Upgrade steps (from 0.10.0)
+
+The operator **MUST** create a CloudFlare Turnstile site
+(dash.cloudflare.com → Turnstile → Add site, choose "Managed" widget
+mode), obtain the site key (public) and secret key (private), and:
+
+- You **MUST** `flotilla secret set ohm-rfc-app CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET`
+  (paste the secret key when prompted) before the v0.12.0 deploy.
+  The framework reads the secret at request time; deploying v0.12.0
+  without the secret leaves the gate in its default soft-fail state
+  (every request admitted regardless of token), which means abuse
+  defense is silently off.
+- You **MUST** `flotilla overlay set ohm-rfc-app VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY <site-key>`
+  so the frontend build embeds the site key and the widget renders
+  on `/login`. The site key is public — it travels in the bundle and
+  appears in every browser — so this is the overlay (non-secret)
+  layer per the §3 invariant 1 split. Skipping this step leaves
+  `/login` with no widget; even after the operator sets the secret,
+  the backend would refuse every request as `missing-token` once
+  `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true` flips.
+- You **MUST** rebuild the frontend and restart the backend after
+  upgrading. `frontend/package.json#version` and `VERSION` both move
+  to `0.12.0`. No schema migration; Turnstile siteverify is
+  stateless. The site-key embed is build-time, so the rebuild after
+  the `flotilla overlay set` is what actually wires the widget into
+  the bundle the deploy serves.
+- You **MAY** `flotilla overlay set ohm-rfc-app TURNSTILE_REQUIRED true`
+  once you've confirmed a real sign-in works end-to-end with the
+  widget. The default (`false`) keeps the gate in soft-fail mode so
+  a missing-secret regression admits requests rather than 500ing
+  every sign-in attempt; flipping to `true` makes a future config
+  drift on the secret fail loudly with HTTP 500 instead of silently
+  disabling abuse defense. The framework's tested path is the
+  flipped-to-true production shape; the default `false` exists for
+  the dev / pre-rollout window only.
+- You **MAY** customize the Turnstile widget mode (Managed /
+  Non-interactive / Invisible) from the dashboard at any time
+  without redeploying — the site key stays the same, and the widget
+  picks up the mode change on the next page load. The framework's
+  tested path is "Managed" because it gives the operator a visible
+  challenge surface to debug against.
+
+If either of the two **MUST** secret/overlay steps is skipped, the
+deploy still boots and `/login` still serves; the failure mode is
+that abuse defense is off (default `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=false`) or
+every sign-in attempt 500s (`TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true` flipped while
+the secret is unset). The driver pauses the wave at the secret/
+overlay gesture so the operator confirms both are in place before
+the framework version pin moves.
+
+## 0.11.0 — 2026-05-28
+
+**Minor — schema migration required; no new env vars.** This release
+ships the "trust this device for 30 days" gesture (roadmap item #9,
+SPEC §6.2). After a successful OTC or passcode sign-in, the user
+can check a single checkbox to mint a server-issued opaque
+device-trust token; the token rides as a long-lived HttpOnly +
+Secure + SameSite=Lax cookie, and the matching row's hash lives in a
+new `device_trust` table. On a subsequent visit, the cookie is
+presented at `POST /auth/device-trust/start` — if a non-expired,
+non-revoked row matches, the session is re-established without
+another OTC / passcode roundtrip. A new `/settings/notifications`
+"Trusted devices" section lists active rows (created-at, last-seen,
+expiry, rough UA label) with per-row "Revoke" and a "Revoke all
+devices" button. The cookie is "essential" per the v0.13.0 cookie-
+consent contract — it is part of authentication, not analytics — and
+is set regardless of the user's analytics / other-cookies choice.
+
+The session model gains a cookie, not a session-store change: the
+existing `rfc_session` cookie still carries the in-flight session
+state; the new `rfc_device_trust` cookie is consulted only by
+`/auth/device-trust/start` to bootstrap a fresh session on a return
+visit. The raw token only ever lives in the outbound `Set-Cookie`
+header and the inbound `Cookie` header; server-side storage is the
+bcrypt hash; constant-time comparison via `bcrypt.checkpw` on the
+candidate walk. The raw token is never logged.
+
+### Added
+
+- **`device_trust` table** (`backend/migrations/017_device_trust.sql`).
+  Per-row id, `user_id` (FK with cascade), `device_token_hash`
+  (bcrypt at rest, unique index documents the no-collision
+  invariant), `created_at`, `expires_at` (`created_at + 30 days`),
+  `user_agent` (verbatim, app-layer-truncated to 1024 chars),
+  `last_seen_at` (refreshed on every successful lookup), `revoked_at`
+  (NULL means active). Secondary index on `(user_id, revoked_at)` so
+  the /settings list query is a covering walk.
+- **`backend/app/device_trust.py`** — sibling of `otc.py` and
+  `passcode.py`. Carries `issue(user_id, user_agent)`,
+  `lookup(raw_token)`, `list_for_user(user_id)`, `revoke(user_id,
+  row_id)`, and `revoke_all(user_id)`. The 30-day window and the
+  cookie name (`rfc_device_trust`) live as module-level constants;
+  env-ifying them is a §19.2 candidate.
+- **`§17` endpoints**
+  - `POST /auth/device-trust/start` — anonymous-reachable. Reads the
+    `rfc_device_trust` cookie; on a hit, signs the user in. On a
+    miss (expired, revoked, or unknown), clears the stale cookie and
+    returns 401.
+  - `GET  /api/auth/me/devices` — list active trusted devices for
+    the signed-in user.
+  - `DELETE /api/auth/me/devices/{id}` — revoke a single row.
+    User-id scope enforced in SQL so a hostile client cannot
+    revoke another user's row by guessing ids.
+  - `DELETE /api/auth/me/devices` — revoke every active row.
+- **OTC and passcode verify bodies** gain an optional
+  `trust_device: bool` field (default false). When true and verify
+  succeeds, the endpoint mints a fresh device-trust row and sets
+  the cookie on the response. Pre-v0.11.0 clients that omit the
+  field continue to behave as before.
+- **Login.jsx** gains a "Trust this device for 30 days" checkbox
+  on both the OTC and passcode verify steps, plus a silent on-mount
+  call to `POST /auth/device-trust/start` so a returning user with
+  a valid cookie skips the email step entirely. A failure is
+  intentionally invisible — the user proceeds to the normal email
+  step.
+- **`/settings/notifications` "Trusted devices" section** — lists
+  active rows with per-row "Revoke" + a "Revoke all devices" button
+  (with a `confirm()` prompt because the gesture is broad). The
+  surface intentionally does not single out the row whose cookie
+  the current request carries so a user can revoke "this device"
+  alongside any other from one place.
+
+### Changed
+
+- **`backend/app/main.py`** — the OTC and passcode verify endpoints
+  now also accept the `trust_device` flag and accept an injected
+  `Response` so they can attach the cookie. Two helpers
+  (`_set_device_trust_cookie`, `_clear_device_trust_cookie`) carry
+  the cookie attribute set in one place so the contract is
+  consistent across endpoints. The `Response` import is added
+  alongside the existing FastAPI re-exports.
+- **`backend/app/api.py`** — imports `device_trust as device_trust_mod`
+  alongside `auth`/`db`; mounts the three `/api/auth/me/devices*`
+  endpoints immediately after `/api/auth/me/beta-request` so the
+  auth-shaped neighborhood stays clustered.
+- **`frontend/src/api.js`** — exports `startDeviceTrust()`,
+  `listMyDevices()`, `revokeMyDevice(id)`, `revokeAllMyDevices()`.
+  `verifyOtc` and `verifyPasscode` accept an optional
+  `{ trustDevice }` argument that rides on the POST body.
+
+### Upgrade steps (from 0.10.0)
+
+- You **MUST** apply schema migration `017_device_trust.sql`. The
+  migration creates a single new table with one secondary index;
+  the framework runs migrations automatically at process start, so
+  no manual step is required beyond restarting the backend so the
+  migration runner picks the file up.
+- You **MUST** rebuild the frontend and restart the backend after
+  upgrading. `frontend/package.json#version` and `VERSION` both
+  move to `0.11.0` and the new `Set-Cookie` shape requires the
+  backend to be on the matching version.
+- You **MUST** serve the deployment over HTTPS. The
+  `rfc_device_trust` cookie is set with `Secure=True` — a
+  cleartext deployment will never receive the cookie back from
+  the browser, so the trust gesture will appear to silently fail.
+  Production OHM deployments already serve over HTTPS; local
+  development against `http://localhost` is unaffected (no cookie
+  is set, the OTC/passcode paths continue to work).
+- You **MAY** announce the new feature to your users. Existing
+  signed-in sessions are unaffected — the device-trust cookie is
+  opt-in on the next sign-in, and a user who never checks the box
+  keeps the v0.10.0 behavior verbatim.
+
+
 ## 0.10.0 — 2026-05-28
 
 **Minor — schema migration required; new auth path is additive.**
@@ -337,6 +940,208 @@ v0.7.0. The lockout shape (5 attempts, 15 minutes) and the length
 range (4–20) are hard-coded in `backend/app/passcode.py`. See
 §19.2 for the env-tunable candidate.
 
+## 0.9.0 — 2026-05-28
+
+**Minor — no schema migration; reuses v0.8.0 columns and existing
+SMTP.** This release ships the admin user-management surface at
+`/admin/users` and the new-beta-request notifications that feed
+it (roadmap item #7, SPEC §6.1 / §15 / §17). The two halves
+compose: admins receive an inbox + email signal the moment a
+pending user submits the v0.8.0 capture form; clicking through
+lands on the page where they Grant or Revoke access.
+
+The page consumes the v0.8.0 schema columns
+(`permission_state`, `first_name`, `last_name`,
+`beta_request_reason`, `permission_decided_by`,
+`permission_decided_at`) without adding new ones — migration
+slot 016 stays reserved for a future release. The single new
+write endpoint, `POST /api/admin/users/<id>/permission`,
+replaces v0.8.0's documented manual `UPDATE users SET
+permission_state='granted'` gesture with an audited UI flip.
+
+Admin notifications ride the existing §15 chokepoint — the
+`new_beta_request` event_kind is added to the enum with
+category `admin-actionable`, fan-out is to every owner / admin
+minus the requester themselves, and the §15.4 email dispatch
+only reaches recipients whose `email_admin_actionable` toggle
+is on (the default for owners + admins). The event is the
+framework's first non-RFC-scoped notification — `rfc_slug` is
+NULL and the email deep-link points `/admin/users` instead of
+`/rfc/<slug>`.
+
+Decision on `/admin/allowlist`: the surface stays as a
+sibling sub-tab, not folded into `/admin/users`. The two have
+different keys (allowlist by email pre-sign-up, user list by
+user_id post-sign-up) and a union row would be confusing
+rather than clarifying. The allowlist's fast-path-bypass role
+from v0.8.0 is unchanged; retiring the table outright is
+deferred to a later session (see §19.2).
+
+### Upgrade steps (from 0.10.0)
+
+1. **MAY** rebuild the frontend. The build is the same shape
+   as v0.10.0; the lockfile pins to `0.9.0` so `npm install`
+   in `frontend/` updates it cleanly. No new env vars on the
+   frontend; the existing `VITE_APP_NAME` requirement carries
+   over.
+2. **MAY** restart the backend. No schema migration runs in
+   this release — every v0.9.0 column is from
+   `014_beta_access.sql` (v0.8.0). Restart only if you want
+   the new endpoints registered in this version's binary.
+3. **SHOULD** verify SMTP can reach the deployment's admin
+   inbox before the first pending user submits the capture
+   form. v0.9.0 reuses the v0.7.0 SMTP configuration
+   (`SMTP_HOST`, `SMTP_PORT`, `SMTP_USER`, `SMTP_PASSWORD`,
+   `SMTP_STARTTLS`, `EMAIL_FROM`, `EMAIL_FROM_NAME`); a
+   misconfigured deployment will still write the inbox row,
+   but the admin won't hear about it through email. No new
+   env var is required — the framework reuses the existing
+   admin-user list (role IN ('owner', 'admin')) as the
+   notification recipients.
+4. **SHOULD** announce the surface to existing admins. Wording
+   suggestion: "There's now a Users tab in /admin where you can
+   Grant or Revoke beta access — and you'll get an email +
+   inbox row when a fresh request lands. The manual SQL gesture
+   from v0.8.0 still works but is no longer the documented
+   path."
+5. **MAY** drain the existing pending queue through the new UI.
+   If your deployment carried pending users through the v0.8.0
+   manual-UPDATE window, the Pending bucket on `/admin/users`
+   surfaces all of them with their captured profile. Granting
+   from the UI stamps `permission_decided_by` /
+   `permission_decided_at`, which any prior manual UPDATE
+   gestures may have left NULL (no harm done — the v0.8.0
+   contract didn't require those stamps).
+
+### Added
+
+- **`POST /api/admin/users/<id>/permission`** — body
+  `{state: 'pending'|'granted'|'revoked'}`. Flips the column,
+  stamps `permission_decided_by` + `permission_decided_at`,
+  and writes a `permission_events` row with event_kind in
+  `{permission_granted, permission_revoked,
+  permission_repended}`. Refuses 422 on self-flip (symmetric
+  to `set_mute` / `set_role` self-action refusals) and 422
+  on invalid state. Returns `{ok, permission_state, changed}`
+  where `changed=false` indicates a no-op (the requested
+  state already matched).
+- **Widened `GET /api/admin/users` response** carrying
+  `permission_state`, `first_name`, `last_name`,
+  `beta_request_reason`, `created_at`,
+  `permission_decided_at`, plus joined
+  `permission_decided_by_login` /
+  `permission_decided_by_display`. Sort order surfaces
+  `pending` rows first (the admin queue), then `granted`,
+  then `revoked`; within a bucket, owners precede admins
+  precede contributors, with recency as the tiebreaker.
+- **`new_beta_request` event_kind** in the §15.1 enum. Fired
+  by `notify.fan_out_new_beta_request` from the first
+  successful `POST /api/auth/me/beta-request` (re-submits
+  from the same pending user don't re-fire — the row's
+  first-time-complete check guards against carpet-bombing).
+  Recipients: every owner + admin minus the requester
+  themselves. Category: `admin-actionable`. Deep-link:
+  `/admin/users`. Actor: the requester per §15.9.
+- **`/admin/users` page enhancements** in `Admin.jsx`. The
+  Users tab gains a state filter chip row (All / Pending /
+  Granted / Revoked with counts), a Grant / Revoke control
+  column, a Permission state badge, and an expandable
+  "why they want access" row beneath each pending user.
+  Sign-up timestamp surfaces in a new column.
+- **`frontend/src/api.js#setUserPermission`** — client for
+  the new endpoint, neighboring `setUserMute` and
+  `setUserRole`.
+- **`/beta-pending` copy update** in `BetaPending.jsx`. The
+  "your request is in review" page now honestly references
+  the admin-email signal v0.9.0 ships and admits the
+  framework does not commit to an SLA — turnaround depends
+  on operator availability, and the deployment operator is
+  the right person to ask if a wait runs long. No
+  deployment-specific text is baked in; per-deployment copy
+  lives in §13 of the deployment's repo, not in the
+  framework.
+- **`backend/tests/test_admin_users_vertical.py`** — 10 new
+  tests covering: a beta-request submission fans
+  notifications to every admin + owner (and not to the
+  requester or to contributors); the requester's profile
+  fields land in the notification payload; re-submitting
+  the capture form does not re-fan; the `admin-actionable`
+  category mapping is wired; the `/api/admin/users`
+  listing carries the v0.8.0 columns with `pending` rows
+  sorted first; the permission-flip endpoint promotes
+  pending → granted with the right audit shape; the
+  endpoint promotes granted → revoked; the endpoint
+  refuses self-flip with 422; the endpoint refuses
+  non-admin callers with 403 and anonymous callers with
+  401; the endpoint refuses invalid states with 422; a
+  state-already-matches flip returns `changed=false`
+  without writing an audit row.
+
+### Changed
+
+- **`backend/app/api.py`** — the `POST /api/auth/me/beta-request`
+  handler now calls `notify.fan_out_new_beta_request` after the
+  capture UPDATE lands, gated on the row not previously having
+  all three profile fields populated (so re-submits don't
+  re-fan).
+- **`backend/app/api_admin.py`** — the `list_users` query joins
+  against `users d ON d.id = u.permission_decided_by` for the
+  deciding-admin handle. The new `set_permission` endpoint
+  lives alongside `set_role` / `set_mute`.
+- **`backend/app/notify.py`** — adds
+  `CATEGORY_ADMIN_ACTIONABLE`, the `fan_out_new_beta_request`
+  helper, and the `new_beta_request` arm in `render_summary`.
+- **`backend/app/email.py`** — the `_EVENT_TO_CATEGORY` map
+  carries `new_beta_request → admin-actionable`, and
+  `_deep_link` routes framework-scoped admin signals to
+  `/admin/users` instead of `/rfc/<slug>`.
+- **`frontend/src/components/Admin.jsx`** — the `UsersTab`
+  component is rewritten with state filter chips, a per-row
+  `UserRow` + `PermissionCell` decomposition, and a
+  `useMemo`-cached counts table. The pending-row reason
+  blockquote renders as a secondary `<tr>` beneath the user
+  row when present.
+- **`frontend/src/components/BetaPending.jsx`** — pending-state
+  copy revised to reference the admin email signal honestly.
+- **`frontend/src/App.css`** — new admin-chip / permission-badge
+  / user-row-reason rules.
+- **`SPEC.md`** §6 opening, §15.1 event-kinds enum, §17 admin
+  endpoints, §19.2 candidates list — per §19.3 rule-2.
+- **`VERSION`** → `0.9.0`. `frontend/package.json#version` and
+  the lockfile mirror.
+
+### Environment variables
+
+None new. The release reuses the v0.7.0 SMTP configuration
+(`SMTP_HOST`, `SMTP_PORT`, `SMTP_USER`, `SMTP_PASSWORD`,
+`SMTP_STARTTLS`, `EMAIL_FROM`, `EMAIL_FROM_NAME`,
+`EMAIL_ENABLED`, `EMAIL_BUNDLE_THRESHOLD`) and the existing
+admin-user list (role IN ('owner', 'admin')) as the
+notification recipients. A deployment whose SMTP is misconfigured
+will still see the inbox rows; only the email channel is muted.
+
+### Deferred to later releases
+
+- **Grant / revoke notification to the user** — symmetric
+  signal: when an admin grants or revokes access, fire a
+  `personal-direct` notification (event_kind
+  `permission_change_affecting_me`, already in the §15.1
+  enum) so the affected user sees the state change in
+  their inbox and email. v0.9.0 audits the gesture in
+  `permission_events` but does not yet escape the
+  app-internal log to the user. See §19.2.
+- **Decline-with-reason on revoke** — the current Revoke
+  gesture takes only a confirmation; a follow-up release
+  may capture a free-text reason in
+  `permission_events.details`. See §19.2.
+- **Allowlist deprecation** — the `/admin/allowlist` sub-tab
+  stays in place in v0.9.0 (the two surfaces have different
+  keys and a union row would be confusing). Retiring the
+  table outright is deferred to a session that can re-read
+  the post-v0.9.0 operator experience and decide whether
+  the fast-path-bypass role is still pulling weight. See
+  §19.2.
+
 ## 0.8.0 — 2026-05-28
 
 **Minor — schema migration required; admission semantics shift.**

SPEC.md

@@ -339,6 +339,16 @@ and exact columns are illustrative; the implementing session can adjust.
   on first write and updated on every change. Absence of a row means
   "no choice yet" — the banner shows. Anonymous viewers persist their
   choice in `localStorage` only, with no corresponding row here.
+- `device_trust` — per-row record of the §6.2 device-trust gesture
+  (v0.11.0, roadmap item #9). One row per `(user, trusted device)`
+  pair; a user with three trusted devices has three rows. Columns:
+  `id`, `user_id` (FK users, ON DELETE CASCADE), `device_token_hash`
+  (bcrypt at rest, with a unique index documenting the no-collision
+  invariant of the 256-bit CSPRNG token space), `created_at`,
+  `expires_at` (`created_at + 30 days`), `user_agent` (verbatim,
+  application-layer-truncated to 1024 chars), `last_seen_at`
+  (refreshed on every successful lookup), `revoked_at` (NULL means
+  active). The raw token never lives in this table — only the hash.
 
 **Super-draft scoping.** For rows in `threads` and `changes` where the
 entry referenced by `rfc_slug` is in state `super-draft`, `branch_name`
@@ -374,7 +384,24 @@ them:
    separate "forgot passcode" flow. The user can remove the passcode
    at any time from the §6.2 sign-in settings tab, returning to
    OTC-only.
-3. **Gitea OAuth fallback (migration only).** The v0.1 OAuth
+3. **Device trust (cookie-only, 30 days).** Added in v0.11.0
+   (roadmap item #9). After a successful OTC or passcode sign-in,
+   the visitor may check "trust this device for 30 days." The
+   framework then mints a server-issued opaque token, hashes it
+   (bcrypt) into the `device_trust` table, and sets a long-lived
+   HttpOnly + Secure + SameSite=Lax cookie carrying the raw token.
+   On a subsequent visit, `POST /auth/device-trust/start` resolves
+   the cookie and re-establishes the session without an OTC /
+   passcode roundtrip. The user can list and revoke their trusted
+   devices from the `/settings/notifications` "Trusted devices"
+   section; a revoked or expired cookie is cleared on the next
+   request. The cookie is "essential" per §14.5 — it is part of
+   authentication, not analytics, and is set regardless of the
+   user's analytics / other-cookies choice. The raw token only
+   ever lives in the outbound `Set-Cookie` header and the inbound
+   `Cookie` header; server-side storage is the hash, with
+   constant-time comparison on lookup.
+4. **Gitea OAuth fallback (migration only).** The v0.1 OAuth
    callback remains functional during the v0.7.0 window, with a
    small "Sign in with Gitea (fallback)" link on `/login` so users
    with active OAuth sessions or older invite paths still have a
@@ -398,9 +425,23 @@ endpoints accept the user. The capture-fields step (first name,
 last name, free-text "why I should be included in the beta") feeds
 the admin's triage queue. The `allowed_emails` table stays in the
 schema as a fast-path bypass — the v0.3.0 admin UI still manages
-it — but the OTC request path no longer consults it. v0.9.0's
+it — but the OTC request path no longer consults it. v0.9.0
-admin user-management page replaces the allowlist UI and ships the
+(roadmap item #7) shipped the user-management surface that
-pending-queue triage surface.
+consumes the `permission_state` column: `/admin/users` carries
+every user with their state, profile, and sign-up reason, plus
+Grant / Revoke controls that flip the column and write a
+`permission_events` audit row. The capture-form submission also
+fans a `new_beta_request` notification out to every admin/owner
+through the §15 substrate, so the queue surfaces in the inbox +
+email channels admins already have.
+
+The `/admin/allowlist` sub-tab stays in place alongside
+`/admin/users` rather than merging: the two surfaces have
+different keys (allowlist by email pre-sign-up, user list by
+user_id post-sign-up) and a union row would be confusing rather
+than clarifying. The allowlist's role narrowed to "fast-path
+bypass for known-good emails" with the v0.8.0 admission shift;
+v0.9.0 retains that role unchanged.
 
 ### 6.1 Four roles, each a strict superset of the one below
 
@@ -2286,8 +2327,14 @@ signal taxonomy this section commits to. The starting set:
 `graduation_complete`, `graduation_rolled_back`, `rfc_withdrawn`,
 `rfc_reopened`, `claim_opened`, `claim_merged`,
 `permission_change_affecting_me`, `app_wide_mute_set`,
-`app_wide_mute_lifted`, `digest_emitted`. The enum is extensible; the
+`app_wide_mute_lifted`, `new_beta_request`, `digest_emitted`.
-build session adjusts as new gestures are wired in.
+The enum is extensible; the build session adjusts as new gestures
+are wired in. The `new_beta_request` event (v0.9.0, roadmap item
+#7) is framework-scoped rather than RFC-scoped — the row's
+`rfc_slug` is NULL and the deep-link points `/admin/users`
+instead of `/rfc/<slug>` — but otherwise rides the standard
+fan-out chokepoint with category `admin-actionable` so the §15.4
+email gate only reaches owners/admins.
 
 ### 15.2 The inbox
 
@@ -2741,9 +2788,19 @@ The follow-up session will refine this. A minimal starting set:
   silently if the email wasn't on the `allowed_emails` list (the
   v0.3.0 admission gate); v0.8.0 (item #6) removed that check —
   admission moved to `permission_state` on the freshly-provisioned
-  `users` row, asserted at the contributor gate. Per §19.2's
+  `users` row, asserted at the contributor gate. v0.12.0 (item #10)
-  expected next session, this endpoint is the lead-up to the
+  gates this endpoint behind a CloudFlare Turnstile siteverify call:
-  Cloudflare-Turnstile abuse-mitigation overlay.
+  the body carries an optional `turnstile_token` field, the server
+  POSTs `secret` + `response` to `challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/
+  v0/siteverify` before the bcrypt hash + SMTP send, and a failed
+  challenge refuses with HTTP 400 spending no rate budget. Two env
+  vars drive the policy: `CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET` (Secret
+  Manager) and `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED` (overlay, default `false`). When
+  the secret is unset and `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=false`, the gate is
+  open (the dev / pre-rollout path); when the secret is unset and
+  `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true`, the endpoint refuses with HTTP 500
+  "auth misconfigured" so a future config drift fails loudly
+  instead of silently disabling abuse defense.
 - `POST /auth/otc/verify` — unauthenticated. Body carries `email` and
   `code`. Validates the bcrypt hash against the most-recent unconsumed
   non-expired row for the email, marks the row consumed, provisions
@@ -2803,6 +2860,28 @@ The follow-up session will refine this. A minimal starting set:
   return HTTP 400 with a generic message; the no-passcode-set
   failure also collapses to 400 so the response does not enumerate
   account state. v0.10.0.
+- `POST /auth/device-trust/start` — unauthenticated. Reads the
+  `rfc_device_trust` cookie (set previously by an OTC or passcode
+  verify with `trust_device: true`). On a non-expired, non-revoked
+  match, re-establishes the session and returns HTTP 200 with the
+  minimal user payload. On a miss (no cookie, expired, revoked, or
+  unknown), returns HTTP 401 and clears the stale cookie via the
+  response's `Set-Cookie` header. The failure modes collapse to
+  one shape so a probing client cannot enumerate "your row was
+  revoked" vs. "this token never existed". v0.11.0.
+- `GET /api/auth/me/devices` — authenticated. Returns the active
+  (`revoked_at IS NULL` AND `expires_at > now`) device-trust rows
+  for the signed-in user: `id`, `created_at`, `expires_at`,
+  `last_seen_at`, `user_agent`. The bcrypt hash is structurally
+  private and is never surfaced. v0.11.0.
+- `DELETE /api/auth/me/devices/{id}` — authenticated. Stamps
+  `revoked_at` on the row with id `{id}` belonging to the
+  signed-in user. The user-id scope is enforced in SQL so a
+  hostile client cannot revoke another user's row by guessing
+  ids; a row that does not match returns HTTP 404. v0.11.0.
+- `DELETE /api/auth/me/devices` — authenticated. Revokes every
+  active row for the signed-in user; returns the count revoked.
+  v0.11.0.
 - `GET /api/rfcs` — list entries with state, id, title, slug, repo,
   owners, last_active_at, has_open_prs, starred-by-me. Supports
   search, sort, filter chips, and the `unclaimed` predicate.
@@ -2945,8 +3024,15 @@ The follow-up session will refine this. A minimal starting set:
 - `POST /api/rfcs/<slug>/prs/<pr_number>/withdraw` — withdraw per §10.8.
 - `POST /api/rfcs/<slug>/prs/<pr_number>/resolution-branch` — cut a
   fresh resolution branch and replay per §10.9.
-- `GET  /api/admin/users` — list users with role and write-mute state,
+- `GET  /api/admin/users` — list users for the §6 / Slice 7 admin
-  for the §6 / Slice 7 admin surface.
+  surface. v0.9.0 (roadmap item #7) widened the payload to carry
+  `permission_state`, `first_name`, `last_name`, `beta_request_reason`,
+  `created_at`, `permission_decided_at`, and the joined
+  `permission_decided_by_login` / `permission_decided_by_display`
+  for the user-management page. Sort order surfaces `pending` rows
+  first (the daily admin queue), then `granted`, then `revoked`;
+  within a bucket, owners precede admins precede contributors,
+  with recency as the tiebreaker.
 - `POST /api/admin/users/<id>/role` — set role. Only owners may grant
   or revoke `owner`; admins may flip contributor ↔ admin freely. An
   owner-self-demotion is refused on this endpoint; owner succession
@@ -2955,6 +3041,16 @@ The follow-up session will refine this. A minimal starting set:
   write-mute (not the §15.8 notification mutes). Refused on owners
   and admins — for them, the role-change channel is the right
   refusal. Writes a `permission_events` row.
+- `POST /api/admin/users/<id>/permission` — v0.9.0 (roadmap item #7).
+  Flip `permission_state` between `pending`, `granted`, and `revoked`.
+  Stamps `permission_decided_by` + `permission_decided_at` on the
+  row and writes a `permission_events` row with event_kind in
+  `{permission_granted, permission_revoked, permission_repended}`.
+  Refuses with 422 if the admin tries to flip their own row
+  (symmetric to the `set_mute` / `set_role` self-action refusals).
+  v0.8.0 shipped the column shape with no admin UI — operators ran
+  a manual `UPDATE users` to grant access; v0.9.0 retires the
+  manual gesture.
 - `GET  /api/admin/audit` — paged read of the `actions` log with
   filters `action_kind`, `actor_user_id`, `rfc_slug`, plus `before_id`
   for the page boundary. Returns the joined actor login/display so
@@ -3794,56 +3890,64 @@ on every other page until an admin grants. v0.8.0 (roadmap item
 Candidates surfaced during v0.8.0 (open beta-access request flow,
 §6.1 / §14.1, item #6):
 
-- **Admin user-management page** (`/admin/users`). *Surfaced by
+- **Admin user-management page** (`/admin/users`). *Shipped in
-  v0.8.0 — the release ships the pending-state column but no
+  v0.9.0 (roadmap item #7).* The listing surfaces every user with
-  admin UI to triage it.* For v0.8.0, the admin gesture is an
+  permission_state, profile fields, sign-up reason, and a Grant /
-  out-of-band `UPDATE users SET permission_state='granted' WHERE
+  Revoke control set; the `POST /api/admin/users/<id>/permission`
-  email=?`. v0.9.0 (roadmap item #7) is expected to ship the
+  endpoint flips the column and writes a `permission_events` row.
-  triage queue: a list of `permission_state='pending'` rows
+  v0.9.0 left the `/admin/allowlist` sub-tab in place rather than
-  sorted by `created_at`, each showing the captured first /
+  merging (see allowlist deprecation below). The grant/revoke
-  last / why fields, with Grant and Revoke buttons that stamp
+  notify-the-user surface is deferred (see the new candidate
-  `permission_decided_by` and `permission_decided_at` (schema
+  below).
-  slots already in place per `migrations/014_beta_access.sql`).
+- **Allowlist deprecation.** *Decision deferred past v0.9.0.*
-  The page composes naturally with the existing `/admin/allowlist`
+  v0.9.0 considered merging `/admin/allowlist` into the new
-  surface — both are admission-control gestures — so v0.9.0 may
+  `/admin/users` page but kept the surface as a sibling sub-tab:
-  fold the allowlist UI into this page (see next candidate).
+  the two have different keys (allowlist by email pre-sign-up,
-  Decision points: do grants / revokes also fire email
+  user list by user_id post-sign-up) and a union row would be
-  notifications to the user (probably yes — the notifications
+  confusing rather than clarifying. The fast-path-bypass role
-  layer from v0.6.0 has the personal-direct channel for it); is
+  the allowlist has carried since v0.8.0 stays intact; the
-  there a "decline with reason" gesture that surfaces in the
+  cutover to retire the table outright is a later session.
-  user's view (probably yes — symmetric with §9.3's
+  Decision points unchanged from v0.8.0: drop the table outright
-  proposal-decline shape); does the page support bulk grants
+  (a schema migration) or leave it as a non-functional surface
-  (probably no for v0.9.0 — the queue volume is operator-scale,
+  and remove only the UI (a frontend-only change); how to handle
-  not user-scale). Earns its session as the v0.9.0 design pass.
+  existing `allowed_emails` rows at the cutover (probably: walk
-- **Allowlist deprecation.** *Surfaced by v0.8.0 — the
+  them into the pending queue with `permission_state='granted'`
-  `allowed_emails` table stays in the schema but the OTC
+  for any matching `users` row, leave unmatched rows as a no-op
-  request path no longer consults it.* v0.8.0 left the table
+  since v0.8.0 doesn't consult them anymore). Earns its session
-  and the `/admin/allowlist` UI in place as a fast-path bypass
+  once the v0.9.0 admin queue has run long enough to confirm the
-  for deployments that want to pre-mark known-good emails (the
+  allowlist's bypass role is no longer pulling weight.
-  v0.8.0 contract is that those emails still go through the
+- **Admin notification on new beta request.** *Shipped in v0.9.0
-  pending-grant flow; the table itself is no longer a gate). A
+  (roadmap item #7).* The `POST /api/auth/me/beta-request`
-  future release retires both — probably v0.9.0 alongside the
+  handler now calls `notify.fan_out_new_beta_request`, which
-  admin user-management page, since the two surfaces are
+  fans a `new_beta_request` event (category `admin-actionable`,
-  functionally redundant once the pending queue lands.
+  rfc_slug NULL) out to every owner / admin. The §15 chokepoint
-  Decision points: drop the table outright (a schema migration)
+  handles the SSE broadcast and the §15.4 email dispatch; the
-  or leave it as a non-functional surface and remove only the
+  email reaches only recipients whose `email_admin_actionable`
-  UI (a frontend-only change); how to handle existing
+  toggle is on (the default for owners + admins).
-  `allowed_emails` rows at the cutover (probably: walk them
+- **Grant / revoke notification to the user.** *Surfaced by
-  into the pending queue with `permission_state='granted'` for
+  v0.9.0.* The new flip endpoint stamps `permission_decided_by` +
-  any matching `users` row, leave unmatched rows as a no-op
+  writes a `permission_events` row but does not yet signal the
-  since v0.8.0 doesn't consult them anymore). Earns its
+  affected user that their state changed. A future release could
-  session as a sub-topic of the v0.9.0 admin user-management
+  fire a `personal-direct` notification (event_kind
-  pass.
+  `permission_change_affecting_me`, already in the §15.1 enum) so
-- **Admin notification on new beta request.** *Surfaced by
+  a granted user sees "Your beta-access request was approved" in
-  v0.8.0 — the capture endpoint writes to the row but does
+  their inbox and email, and a revoked user sees a parallel
-  not signal admins.* v0.9.0 candidate (item #7 again): when a
+  refusal notice. Decision points: does revocation include a
-  `POST /api/auth/me/beta-request` lands, fire an `admin-actionable`
+  reason field (probably yes — symmetric with §9.3's decline
-  notification (per §15.4's category set) to every owner / admin
+  comment); does grant carry a welcome message (probably no —
-  so the queue doesn't go stale. The §15 infrastructure already
+  the existing welcome surfaces are sufficient); does the
-  supports the category; the open question is whether the
+  notification escape the §15.8 mute path (probably yes — it's
-  notification is per-request (one email per submission) or
+  a personal-direct admission state change). Earns its session
-  digested (a daily summary). Earns its session alongside the
+  as a follow-up to the v0.9.0 page.
-  admin user-management page.
+- **Decline-with-reason on permission revoke.** *Surfaced by
+  v0.9.0.* The current Revoke gesture takes only a confirmation;
+  there is no audit-visible reason captured. A future release
+  could add a free-text reason input that lands in the
+  `permission_events.details` JSON column (no schema change
+  needed — the column is already JSON-shaped). This is the
+  symmetric companion to the §9.3 proposal-decline contract.
+  Earns its session alongside the grant/revoke notification
+  candidate above.
 - **Removing the Gitea OAuth fallback.** *Surfaced by v0.7.0.*
   v0.7.0 keeps `/auth/callback` functional and links to it as a
   "Sign in with Gitea (fallback)" affordance on the new `/login`
@@ -3858,37 +3962,77 @@ Candidates surfaced during v0.8.0 (open beta-access request flow,
   message), and whether the `/auth/login` and `/auth/callback`
   routes get a tombstone redirect to `/login` or just 404. Earns
   its session once the OTC adoption curve flattens.
-- **Device trust (30-day skip).** *Surfaced by v0.7.0 — the
+- **Device trust (30-day skip).** *Settled in v0.11.0 (roadmap
-  signed-in cookie already lasts 30 days via SessionMiddleware,
+  item #9). The shape: a distinct `rfc_device_trust` cookie
-  but every sign-in still requires a fresh OTC or passcode.* The
+  (HttpOnly + Secure + SameSite=Lax + 30-day Max-Age) carrying a
-  roadmap item-#9 candidate adds a "trust this device" affordance
+  server-issued opaque token, keyed against a `device_trust` table
-  on the verify step that issues a longer-lived rotating token,
+  whose rows store the bcrypt hash. `POST /auth/device-trust/start`
-  so returning visitors on the same device skip both the OTC and
+  resolves a presented cookie at next visit. A
-  the passcode step. The shape question is whether the trust is a
+  `/settings/notifications` "Trusted devices" section lists active
-  signed cookie distinct from the session, a row in a `device_trust`
+  rows with per-row + bulk revoke. The trust outlives a sign-out
-  table keyed by a random device-id, or a property of the session
+  (sign-out clears the session cookie, not the device-trust
-  itself; and whether the trust survives password-equivalent events
+  cookie) and is not affected by passcode set/change/clear — the
-  — v0.10.0's passcode-change and passcode-clear gestures are the
+  next two items below carry the remaining open questions.*
-  v1 instances — or only survives explicit logout. Earns its
+- **Cross-device session revocation surface.** v0.11.0's
-  session as the v0.11.0 design pass.
+  `/settings/notifications → Trusted devices` revokes the
-- **Cloudflare Turnstile (or equivalent) on `/auth/otc/request`.**
+  long-lived device-trust grants. What it does NOT revoke is an
-  *Surfaced by v0.7.0 — the endpoint is now the new abuse hot
+  active session cookie sitting in another browser, or the
-  path.* Per-email cooldown stops the trivial loop; what it
+  v0.10.0 passcode-failure-counter shape, or a stale
-  doesn't stop is a distributed scrape that fans out across a
+  password-equivalent that some future release ships. The natural
-  large invitee list to harvest the "this email is admitted vs.
+  next step is a single "active sessions and devices" surface
-  this email is not" signal indirectly (timing differences, SMTP
+  that lists everything currently authenticating as this user —
-  bounce-rate observation). The roadmap item-#10 candidate gates
+  device-trust rows + active session cookies (if/when the
-  the request endpoint behind a one-step browser-side challenge
+  framework moves to server-side sessions) + future credential
-  before the bcrypt hash + SMTP send. Open questions: which
+  shapes — and lets the user kill any of them with one gesture.
-  provider (Turnstile is the default since it's free and
+  Earns its session when a second cross-cutting concern lands
-  privacy-respecting; hCaptcha and reCAPTCHA are also viable);
+  (the most likely first trigger: future Yubikey / WebAuthn
-  how the deployment configures it (`TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY` +
+  support, which surfaces another credential to revoke).
-  `TURNSTILE_SECRET_KEY` env vars, gated by `if
+- **Password-equivalent change invalidates device trust.** v0.11.0
-  config.turnstile_site_key:` at the handler so existing
+  intentionally leaves device-trust rows live across a passcode
-  deployments don't break); whether the verify endpoint also
+  set / change / clear. The argument is structural: the user has
-  gets a challenge (probably yes for parity); and how the test
+  the v0.10.0 lockout, the v0.11.0 per-device revoke list, and a
-  harness mocks the challenge. Earns its session as the v0.12.0
+  fresh sign-in path via OTC, so the cookie is not a high-value
-  design pass.
+  bypass relative to the keys-to-the-account a passcode change
+  signals. The argument against is the conventional "changing a
+  password should kill every active session" expectation users
+  bring from other systems. This earns its own session once the
+  evidence is in: either a security-review finding that says
+  "this is the wrong default," or user feedback that says "I
+  expected my old laptop to sign out when I changed my passcode."
+- **Device-trust window tunables via env.** v0.11.0 hard-codes
+  the 30-day window in `backend/app/device_trust.py`
+  (`TRUST_DURATION_DAYS = 30`). Surfacing it as an env var
+  (`DEVICE_TRUST_DURATION_DAYS`?) is small and obvious; deferring
+  follows the same pattern as the v0.10.0 passcode-lockout
+  hard-coding — name the tunable when a deployment wants it
+  different rather than shipping a knob that has no operator
+  asking for it.
+- **Cloudflare Turnstile on `/auth/otc/request`.** *Settled in
+  v0.12.0 (roadmap item #10).* The OTC request endpoint is now
+  gated behind a Turnstile siteverify call: the frontend renders
+  the official widget on the `/login` email-entry step (and on the
+  passcode step for the "Use a code instead" fallback dispatch),
+  the captured token rides in the request body as
+  `turnstile_token`, and the backend POSTs `secret` + `response`
+  to `challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/siteverify` before
+  the bcrypt hash + SMTP send. The widget renders only on the
+  email-entry / passcode-fallback dispatch points — the OTC
+  verify step is bottlenecked on email delivery and protected by
+  the five-minute TTL + single-use row consume, so a second
+  challenge there would double the rate budget against the same
+  abuse path without measurably more protection (revisit if bots
+  adapt to the email-entry challenge specifically). Configured
+  via `CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET` (Secret Manager) and
+  `VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY` (frontend build-time overlay); a
+  third var `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED` (default `false`) lets the
+  operator flip from "soft-fail when secret unset" (the dev /
+  pre-rollout shape) to "fail-closed when secret unset" (HTTP 500
+  "auth misconfigured", the production-locked shape). Tests mock
+  the siteverify HTTP call at the `httpx.post` boundary in
+  `app.turnstile`. The hCaptcha / reCAPTCHA alternatives noted in
+  the v0.7.0 surfacing are still viable substitutes for a future
+  deployment that wants them but the framework's tested path is
+  Turnstile.
 
 Candidates surfaced during v0.10.0 (user-set passcodes, §6.2 /
 roadmap item #8):

VERSION

@@ -1 +1 @@
-0.14.0
+0.16.0

backend/.env.example

@@ -92,3 +92,21 @@ OTC_TTL_MINUTES=10
 # loud-failure shape so the abuse path is visible). Set to 0 to
 # disable the cooldown — useful for tests but never in production.
 OTC_REQUEST_COOLDOWN_SECONDS=60
+
+# --- v0.12.0: CloudFlare Turnstile gate on OTC dispatch (§6.2, item #10) ---
+# Provision a Turnstile site at dash.cloudflare.com → Turnstile → Add
+# site. The site key (public) goes in `frontend/.env` as
+# VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY. The secret key (private) goes here and is
+# what the backend POSTs to /siteverify alongside the user's response
+# token. Leave both unset for dev/test paths; the gate stays open when
+# the secret is absent AND TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=false (the default).
+CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET=
+
+# When `true`, /auth/otc/request fails closed (HTTP 500 "auth
+# misconfigured") if CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET is unset. When `false`
+# (the default), a missing secret skips verification — useful in dev
+# and during the pre-rollout window when the operator hasn't wired
+# the secret yet. Flip to `true` once the secret is wired so a future
+# config drift surfaces as a loud 500 rather than a silent abuse-
+# defense disablement.
+TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=false

backend/app/api.py

@@ -22,15 +22,18 @@ from . import (
     api_branches,
     api_discussion,
     api_graduation,
+    api_invitations,
     api_notifications,
     api_prs,
     auth,
     db,
+    device_trust as device_trust_mod,
     docs as docs_mod,
     entry as entry_mod,
     cache,
     funder,
     health,
+    notify,
     philosophy,
     providers as providers_mod,
 )
@@ -100,6 +103,12 @@ def make_router(
     # Contribution still requires a PR (api_prs above); this surface
     # is for discussion that does not yet warrant a branch.
     router.include_router(api_discussion.make_router())
+    # v0.16.0 (roadmap item #12): owner-only invite for per-RFC
+    # contribution + discussion. The RFC's owner can invite specific
+    # users by email to either open PRs or join the discussion; non-
+    # invited users keep read access but cannot write (v0.6.0
+    # contract extended to per-RFC scope).
+    router.include_router(api_invitations.make_router())
 
     # ---------------------------------------------------------------
     # §17: /api/health — unauthenticated post-flight probe.
@@ -237,8 +246,82 @@ def make_router(
                 user.user_id,
             ),
         )
+        # v0.9.0 (roadmap item #7): notify every admin/owner of the
+        # fresh request. Only the first submission is the
+        # "newly-pending" gesture — re-submits from the same user
+        # would otherwise carpet the admin inbox. We fire only when
+        # this is the row's first time getting all three fields
+        # populated (the prior row carried at least one NULL).
+        prior = row  # captured before the UPDATE above
+        was_already_complete = bool(
+            prior["first_name"] and prior["last_name"] and prior["beta_request_reason"]
+        )
+        if not was_already_complete:
+            notify.fan_out_new_beta_request(requester_user_id=user.user_id)
         return {"ok": True}
 
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+    # v0.11.0: trust device for 30 days (§6.2, roadmap item #9).
+    #
+    # The mint path lives on the OAuth router (issuing the cookie is
+    # coupled to OTC/passcode verify). This module owns the read/revoke
+    # surface the /settings/devices page calls.
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    @router.get("/api/auth/me/devices")
+    async def list_my_devices(request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Active device-trust rows for the signed-in user.
+
+        Active = not revoked, not expired. The current request's
+        device (if any) is *not* singled out here — the surface
+        shows the same row shape for every device so the user can
+        revoke any of them without the page leaking which row
+        carries the cookie they're using right now.
+        """
+        user = auth.require_user(request)
+        rows = device_trust_mod.list_for_user(user.user_id)
+        return {
+            "items": [
+                {
+                    "id": r.id,
+                    "created_at": r.created_at,
+                    "expires_at": r.expires_at,
+                    "last_seen_at": r.last_seen_at,
+                    "user_agent": r.user_agent,
+                }
+                for r in rows
+            ]
+        }
+
+    @router.delete("/api/auth/me/devices/{device_id}")
+    async def revoke_my_device(device_id: int, request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Revoke a single device-trust row for the signed-in user.
+
+        The user-id scope is enforced in SQL so a hostile client
+        cannot revoke another user's row by guessing ids. A row that
+        doesn't exist, doesn't belong to this user, or is already
+        revoked reads as 404 — the wrong-vs-already-revoked
+        distinction would only help a probing client enumerate ids.
+        """
+        user = auth.require_user(request)
+        ok = device_trust_mod.revoke(user.user_id, device_id)
+        if not ok:
+            raise HTTPException(404, "Device not found")
+        return {"ok": True}
+
+    @router.delete("/api/auth/me/devices")
+    async def revoke_all_my_devices(request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Revoke every active device-trust row for the signed-in user.
+
+        The user's current request stays authenticated via its
+        session cookie; the device-trust cookie carried on the
+        current device is also revoked, but `rfc_session` keeps the
+        request flow alive until sign-out / expiry.
+        """
+        user = auth.require_user(request)
+        count = device_trust_mod.revoke_all(user.user_id)
+        return {"ok": True, "revoked": count}
+
     # ---------------------------------------------------------------
     # §7: the catalog
     # ---------------------------------------------------------------

backend/app/api_admin.py

@@ -50,6 +50,16 @@ class MuteBody(BaseModel):
     muted: bool
 
 
+class PermissionStateBody(BaseModel):
+    # v0.9.0: the admin flip from the user-management page (roadmap
+    # item #7). `pending` is not surfaceable from the admin UI —
+    # only the OTC verify path lands a row in `pending` — but we
+    # accept it in the pattern in case a future restore-to-queue
+    # gesture wants to re-pend a granted user; today the UI only
+    # exposes `granted` and `revoked`.
+    state: str = Field(pattern="^(pending|granted|revoked)$")
+
+
 class AllowlistAddBody(BaseModel):
     email: str = Field(min_length=3, max_length=320)
     note: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=200)
@@ -68,15 +78,84 @@ def make_router(config: Config) -> APIRouter:
 
     @router.get("/api/admin/users")
     async def list_users(request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """v0.9.0: the user-management surface (roadmap item #7).
+
+        The listing carries every column the admin queue needs to triage
+        pending beta-access requests alongside the existing role/mute
+        affordances. Sort order surfaces pending requests first (so the
+        admin lands on the inbox shape), then granted, then revoked;
+        within a state, ownership/role and recency are the tiebreakers
+        so the legacy ordering (owner first, then admin, then by name)
+        is preserved inside the granted bucket.
+
+        `permission_decided_by_login` joins the deciding admin row so
+        the UI can render "granted by @ben" without a second round-trip.
+
+        v0.16.0 (roadmap item #12) additive: each user row now carries
+        an `rfc_invitations` array — the per-RFC invitations the user
+        has accepted. This is the "permission-grant requests from
+        invited users" hook the roadmap text calls for: when a user
+        accepts a per-RFC invite and they're not yet platform-granted,
+        the admin sees "here because @ben invited them to <RFC> as
+        <role>" alongside their pending row, informing (not deciding)
+        the platform grant. The two write surfaces remain distinct —
+        the RFC's owner controls per-RFC roles; the admin controls
+        platform-grant state.
+        """
         auth.require_admin(request)
         rows = db.conn().execute(
             """
-            SELECT id, gitea_login, display_name, email, role, muted,
+            SELECT u.id, u.gitea_login, u.display_name, u.email, u.role, u.muted,
-                   created_at, last_seen_at
+                   u.created_at, u.last_seen_at,
-              FROM users
+                   u.permission_state, u.first_name, u.last_name,
-             ORDER BY role = 'owner' DESC, role = 'admin' DESC, display_name COLLATE NOCASE
+                   u.beta_request_reason,
+                   u.permission_decided_by, u.permission_decided_at,
+                   d.gitea_login AS decided_by_login,
+                   d.display_name AS decided_by_display
+              FROM users u
+         LEFT JOIN users d ON d.id = u.permission_decided_by
+             ORDER BY
+                CASE u.permission_state
+                  WHEN 'pending' THEN 0
+                  WHEN 'granted' THEN 1
+                  WHEN 'revoked' THEN 2
+                  ELSE 3
+                END,
+                u.role = 'owner' DESC, u.role = 'admin' DESC,
+                COALESCE(u.last_seen_at, u.created_at) DESC,
+                u.display_name COLLATE NOCASE
             """
         ).fetchall()
+        # v0.16.0 — per-user accepted per-RFC invitations. One query
+        # over the full set, indexed bucket-by-user-id in Python so
+        # the per-row attachment below is O(1). Empty array for users
+        # who hold no accepted invitations.
+        invitation_rows = db.conn().execute(
+            """
+            SELECT c.user_id, c.rfc_slug, c.role_in_rfc, c.created_at,
+                   r.title AS rfc_title,
+                   i.id AS invitation_id, i.invitee_email,
+                   ui.gitea_login AS inviter_login,
+                   ui.display_name AS inviter_display
+              FROM rfc_collaborators c
+         LEFT JOIN cached_rfcs r ON r.slug = c.rfc_slug
+         LEFT JOIN rfc_invitations i ON i.id = c.invitation_id
+         LEFT JOIN users ui ON ui.id = i.inviter_user_id
+             ORDER BY c.created_at DESC
+            """
+        ).fetchall()
+        per_user_invites: dict[int, list[dict]] = {}
+        for ir in invitation_rows:
+            per_user_invites.setdefault(ir["user_id"], []).append({
+                "rfc_slug": ir["rfc_slug"],
+                "rfc_title": ir["rfc_title"] or ir["rfc_slug"],
+                "role_in_rfc": ir["role_in_rfc"],
+                "invited_at": ir["created_at"],
+                "invitation_id": ir["invitation_id"],
+                "invitee_email": ir["invitee_email"],
+                "inviter_login": ir["inviter_login"],
+                "inviter_display": ir["inviter_display"],
+            })
         return {
             "items": [
                 {
@@ -88,6 +167,15 @@ def make_router(config: Config) -> APIRouter:
                     "muted": bool(r["muted"]),
                     "created_at": r["created_at"],
                     "last_seen_at": r["last_seen_at"],
+                    "permission_state": r["permission_state"] or "granted",
+                    "first_name": r["first_name"] or "",
+                    "last_name": r["last_name"] or "",
+                    "beta_request_reason": r["beta_request_reason"] or "",
+                    "permission_decided_at": r["permission_decided_at"],
+                    "permission_decided_by_login": r["decided_by_login"],
+                    "permission_decided_by_display": r["decided_by_display"],
+                    # v0.16.0 additive — never null, always an array.
+                    "rfc_invitations": per_user_invites.get(r["id"], []),
                 }
                 for r in rows
             ]
@@ -136,6 +224,74 @@ def make_router(config: Config) -> APIRouter:
         )
         return {"ok": True, "role": body.role, "changed": True}
 
+    # ----- Permission state (§6.1, v0.9.0 roadmap item #7) -----
+
+    @router.post("/api/admin/users/{user_id}/permission")
+    async def set_permission(user_id: int, body: PermissionStateBody, request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Flip a user's `permission_state` between pending/granted/revoked.
+
+        v0.8.0 wired the column shape but shipped no admin UI for it —
+        the grant gesture was a manual `UPDATE users` against the DB.
+        v0.9.0 (roadmap item #7) lands the admin user-management page;
+        this endpoint is its single write surface.
+
+        Audit shape: every flip writes a `permission_events` row with
+        event_kind in {'permission_granted', 'permission_revoked',
+        'permission_repended'} so §6.5's log carries the change. The
+        `permission_decided_by` / `permission_decided_at` columns on
+        the user row are co-stamped so the user listing can render
+        "granted by @ben at <date>" without a second join through
+        the audit table.
+
+        Refuses with 422 if the admin tries to flip their own row
+        (no self-grant / self-revoke; symmetric to set_mute's
+        self-mute refusal and set_role's self-downgrade refusal).
+        """
+        viewer = auth.require_admin(request)
+        target = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT id, role, permission_state FROM users WHERE id = ?",
+            (user_id,),
+        ).fetchone()
+        if target is None:
+            raise HTTPException(404, "User not found")
+        if target["id"] == viewer.user_id:
+            raise HTTPException(422, "You cannot change your own permission state")
+
+        before = target["permission_state"] or "granted"
+        after = body.state
+        if before == after:
+            return {"ok": True, "permission_state": after, "changed": False}
+
+        db.conn().execute(
+            """
+            UPDATE users
+               SET permission_state = ?,
+                   permission_decided_by = ?,
+                   permission_decided_at = datetime('now')
+             WHERE id = ?
+            """,
+            (after, viewer.user_id, user_id),
+        )
+        event_kind = {
+            "granted": "permission_granted",
+            "revoked": "permission_revoked",
+            "pending": "permission_repended",
+        }[after]
+        db.conn().execute(
+            """
+            INSERT INTO permission_events
+                (actor_user_id, subject_user_id, event_kind, details)
+            VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)
+            """,
+            (
+                viewer.user_id,
+                user_id,
+                event_kind,
+                json.dumps({"before": before, "after": after}),
+            ),
+        )
+        return {"ok": True, "permission_state": after, "changed": True}
+
     # ----- Write-mute (§6.2) -----
 
     @router.post("/api/admin/users/{user_id}/mute")

backend/app/api_branches.py

@@ -279,6 +279,15 @@ def make_router(
     @router.post("/api/rfcs/{slug}/branches/main/promote-to-branch")
     async def promote_to_branch(slug: str, body: PromoteToBranchBody, request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
         viewer = auth.require_contributor(request)
+        # v0.16.0 (item #12): cutting a contribute branch is the
+        # PR-shaped write surface gate. A platform-granted user who is
+        # not invited as a per-RFC contributor cannot start work that
+        # only exists to land in a PR.
+        if not auth.can_contribute_to_rfc(viewer, slug):
+            raise HTTPException(
+                403,
+                "This RFC's owner has not invited you to contribute PRs",
+            )
         rfc = _require_active_rfc(slug)
         owner, repo = _repo_for(rfc)
         new_branch = (body.branch_name or "").strip()
@@ -331,6 +340,14 @@ def make_router(
     @router.post("/api/rfcs/{slug}/start-edit-branch")
     async def start_edit_branch(slug: str, body: StartEditBranchBody, request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
         viewer = auth.require_contributor(request)
+        # v0.16.0 (item #12): same per-RFC contribute gate as
+        # promote-to-branch — kicking off a super-draft edit branch is
+        # also PR-shaped work.
+        if not auth.can_contribute_to_rfc(viewer, slug):
+            raise HTTPException(
+                403,
+                "This RFC's owner has not invited you to contribute PRs",
+            )
         rfc = _require_super_draft(slug)
         owner, repo = _repo_for(rfc)
         new_branch = (body.branch_name or "").strip()

backend/app/api_discussion.py

@@ -116,6 +116,17 @@ def make_router() -> APIRouter:
     ) -> dict[str, Any]:
         viewer = auth.require_contributor(request)
         _require_rfc_readable(slug)
+        # v0.16.0 (roadmap item #12): the per-RFC discussion is now a
+        # gated surface. The platform-level `require_contributor` above
+        # ensures the user is signed in + admin-granted; this layer
+        # narrows further to "is this user named for this RFC?" The
+        # 403 here is structurally the v0.6.0 anon-write refusal
+        # extended to non-invited platform users.
+        if not auth.can_discuss_rfc(viewer, slug):
+            raise HTTPException(
+                403,
+                "This RFC's owner has not invited you to its discussion",
+            )
         cur = db.conn().execute(
             """
             INSERT INTO threads
@@ -175,6 +186,12 @@ def make_router() -> APIRouter:
     ) -> dict[str, Any]:
         viewer = auth.require_contributor(request)
         _require_rfc_readable(slug)
+        # v0.16.0 (item #12): same per-RFC gate as create_discussion_thread.
+        if not auth.can_discuss_rfc(viewer, slug):
+            raise HTTPException(
+                403,
+                "This RFC's owner has not invited you to its discussion",
+            )
         _require_discussion_thread(slug, thread_id)
         message_id = chat_layer.append_user_message(
             thread_id=thread_id,

backend/app/api_invitations.py

@@ -0,0 +1,575 @@
+"""v0.16.0 / §6 / §10 — owner-only invite for per-RFC PR or PR-less
+discussion (roadmap item #12).
+
+The RFC's owner can invite a specific email to one of two per-RFC roles:
+
+  * `contributor` — may open PRs against this RFC AND post in its
+    discussion (PR-permission strictly includes discussion-permission).
+  * `discussant` — may post in this RFC's PR-less discussion only.
+
+Non-invited users keep the v0.6.0 anonymous-read contract: they can
+read but cannot write/discuss the RFC. Reads are not narrowed by
+this item.
+
+Endpoints:
+
+  * `POST   /api/rfcs/{slug}/invitations`              — owner: create + email
+  * `GET    /api/rfcs/{slug}/invitations`              — owner: list pending/accepted
+  * `POST   /api/rfcs/{slug}/invitations/{id}/revoke`  — owner: revoke
+  * `GET    /api/invitations/accept`                   — token lookup (signed-in user)
+  * `POST   /api/invitations/accept`                   — token redeem (signed-in user)
+
+The accept endpoints are deliberately platform-scoped (not nested under
+the RFC slug) because the user clicking the email link only has the
+token and may not even know the slug yet. The GET shape lets the
+frontend show a confirmation page ("RFC <X> invited you to be a
+<role> — accept?") before the POST commits the membership.
+
+Permission gates (composed with `require_contributor`):
+
+  * Issue / list / revoke: `auth.can_invite_to_rfc` — RFC owner or
+    platform admin/owner.
+  * Accept: any platform-granted signed-in user; the gate is the
+    token, not the role. The token also constrains which email the
+    accept lands under — the accepting user's email must match the
+    invitation's invitee_email (case-insensitive). This prevents an
+    invited-but-not-the-account-holder situation from minting a
+    collaborator row under the wrong identity.
+
+Email shape: a single plain-text body sent via the existing SMTP path
+(reuses `EmailConfig.from_env()` like `email_otc.py` does). No
+unsubscribe footer — the email is transactional and per-invite, not a
+recurring notification. No tracking pixel.
+
+Admin-page hook: when an accept lands and the user's
+`permission_state` is still `pending`, that signals to the admin's
+`/admin/users` queue that the user is here because they accepted a
+per-RFC invitation — informing (not deciding) the admin's
+platform-grant call. v0.16.0 surfaces this via additive columns on
+the existing `GET /api/admin/users` listing (see `api_admin.py`'s
+diff in the same release) — no new endpoint, no restructure.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+import secrets
+import smtplib
+from email.message import EmailMessage
+from email.utils import formataddr
+from typing import Any
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Request
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+from . import auth, db
+from .email import EmailConfig, _SENT
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Pydantic bodies
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class CreateInvitationBody(BaseModel):
+    """The owner picks an email and a role-in-RFC. No custom-message
+    field — that belongs to item #16's platform-level invite surface,
+    not here.
+
+    We validate the email with a deliberately narrow pattern rather
+    than `pydantic.EmailStr` to avoid pulling in `email-validator` as
+    a dependency (and v0.7.0's OTC body does the same — see
+    `OTCRequestBody`'s shape). The validation here is intentionally
+    permissive: a local-part, an `@`, and a domain part with no
+    whitespace. Operator-side typo catching is the job of the email
+    transport; the framework only guards against obviously malformed
+    input."""
+    invitee_email: str = Field(min_length=3, max_length=320,
+                               pattern=r"^[^\s@]+@[^\s@]+$")
+    role_in_rfc: str = Field(pattern="^(contributor|discussant)$")
+
+
+class AcceptInvitationBody(BaseModel):
+    token: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=200)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Constants
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# 30-day TTL matches the device-trust window the framework already
+# ships (v0.11.0). A pending invitation past this is rejected at the
+# accept endpoint regardless of the row's `status` column.
+INVITATION_TTL_DAYS = 30
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Router
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def make_router() -> APIRouter:
+    router = APIRouter()
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+    # POST /api/rfcs/<slug>/invitations
+    # The owner creates an invitation. The endpoint mints the token,
+    # writes the row, and dispatches the email synchronously. A failure
+    # to send the email does NOT roll back the row — the owner can
+    # share the link directly out-of-band if SMTP is briefly down (the
+    # `GET /api/rfcs/<slug>/invitations` response carries the token
+    # for that fallback).
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    @router.post("/api/rfcs/{slug}/invitations")
+    async def create_invitation(slug: str, body: CreateInvitationBody, request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        viewer = auth.require_contributor(request)
+        rfc = _require_rfc(slug)
+        if not auth.can_invite_to_rfc(viewer, slug):
+            raise HTTPException(
+                403,
+                "Only the RFC's owner can invite collaborators",
+            )
+
+        invitee_email = body.invitee_email.strip()
+        role_in_rfc = body.role_in_rfc
+
+        # Refuse re-inviting an email that already has a pending
+        # invitation on this RFC at the same role. Different-role
+        # re-invite is allowed (upgrade discussant → contributor)
+        # — the new row supersedes the old in the UI listing's
+        # natural ordering, and acceptance of either picks up the
+        # corresponding role.
+        existing = db.conn().execute(
+            """
+            SELECT id FROM rfc_invitations
+             WHERE rfc_slug = ? AND invitee_email = ? COLLATE NOCASE
+               AND role_in_rfc = ? AND status = 'pending'
+             LIMIT 1
+            """,
+            (slug, invitee_email, role_in_rfc),
+        ).fetchone()
+        if existing:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                409,
+                f"{invitee_email} already has a pending {role_in_rfc} invitation for this RFC",
+            )
+
+        token = _mint_token()
+        cur = db.conn().execute(
+            """
+            INSERT INTO rfc_invitations
+                (rfc_slug, inviter_user_id, invitee_email, role_in_rfc,
+                 token, expires_at)
+            VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, datetime('now', ?))
+            """,
+            (
+                slug,
+                viewer.user_id,
+                invitee_email,
+                role_in_rfc,
+                token,
+                f"+{INVITATION_TTL_DAYS} days",
+            ),
+        )
+        invitation_id = cur.lastrowid
+
+        # Send the email — synchronous. A send failure logs and
+        # returns; the row stays so the owner can recover via the
+        # listing (which carries the token for an out-of-band share).
+        _send_invitation_email(
+            to_address=invitee_email,
+            inviter_display=viewer.display_name or viewer.gitea_login or "An RFC owner",
+            rfc_title=rfc["title"],
+            role_in_rfc=role_in_rfc,
+            token=token,
+        )
+
+        return {
+            "id": invitation_id,
+            "rfc_slug": slug,
+            "invitee_email": invitee_email,
+            "role_in_rfc": role_in_rfc,
+            "status": "pending",
+            "token": token,
+        }
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+    # GET /api/rfcs/<slug>/invitations
+    # The owner's listing of every invitation on the RFC, regardless
+    # of status. Carries the token (for the resend / re-share path).
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    @router.get("/api/rfcs/{slug}/invitations")
+    async def list_invitations(slug: str, request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        viewer = auth.require_contributor(request)
+        _require_rfc(slug)
+        if not auth.can_invite_to_rfc(viewer, slug):
+            raise HTTPException(
+                403,
+                "Only the RFC's owner can view invitations",
+            )
+
+        rows = db.conn().execute(
+            """
+            SELECT i.id, i.invitee_email, i.role_in_rfc, i.status, i.token,
+                   i.expires_at, i.created_at, i.accepted_at,
+                   i.inviter_user_id, i.accepted_by_user_id,
+                   u_inviter.display_name AS inviter_display,
+                   u_inviter.gitea_login AS inviter_login,
+                   u_accept.display_name AS accepted_by_display,
+                   u_accept.gitea_login AS accepted_by_login
+              FROM rfc_invitations i
+         LEFT JOIN users u_inviter ON u_inviter.id = i.inviter_user_id
+         LEFT JOIN users u_accept ON u_accept.id = i.accepted_by_user_id
+             WHERE i.rfc_slug = ?
+             ORDER BY i.id DESC
+            """,
+            (slug,),
+        ).fetchall()
+
+        return {
+            "items": [
+                {
+                    "id": r["id"],
+                    "invitee_email": r["invitee_email"],
+                    "role_in_rfc": r["role_in_rfc"],
+                    "status": _effective_status(r),
+                    "token": r["token"],
+                    "expires_at": r["expires_at"],
+                    "created_at": r["created_at"],
+                    "accepted_at": r["accepted_at"],
+                    "inviter_display": r["inviter_display"],
+                    "inviter_login": r["inviter_login"],
+                    "accepted_by_display": r["accepted_by_display"],
+                    "accepted_by_login": r["accepted_by_login"],
+                }
+                for r in rows
+            ],
+        }
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+    # POST /api/rfcs/<slug>/invitations/<id>/revoke
+    # Revokes a pending invitation. Already-accepted invitations
+    # cannot be "revoked" from this surface — the corresponding
+    # collaborator-removal surface is a §19.2 candidate; v0.16.0
+    # only lifts the *pending* link.
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    @router.post("/api/rfcs/{slug}/invitations/{invitation_id}/revoke")
+    async def revoke_invitation(slug: str, invitation_id: int, request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        viewer = auth.require_contributor(request)
+        _require_rfc(slug)
+        if not auth.can_invite_to_rfc(viewer, slug):
+            raise HTTPException(
+                403,
+                "Only the RFC's owner can revoke invitations",
+            )
+
+        row = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT id, status FROM rfc_invitations WHERE id = ? AND rfc_slug = ?",
+            (invitation_id, slug),
+        ).fetchone()
+        if row is None:
+            raise HTTPException(404, "Invitation not found")
+        if row["status"] != "pending":
+            raise HTTPException(
+                409,
+                f"Invitation is {row['status']}; only pending invitations can be revoked",
+            )
+
+        db.conn().execute(
+            "UPDATE rfc_invitations SET status = 'revoked' WHERE id = ?",
+            (invitation_id,),
+        )
+        return {"ok": True, "id": invitation_id, "status": "revoked"}
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+    # GET /api/invitations/accept?token=...
+    # Lookup-only — returns what the invitation grants so the
+    # frontend can render a confirmation page before the POST. The
+    # token is required; no token, no peek.
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    @router.get("/api/invitations/accept")
+    async def preview_invitation(token: str, request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        viewer = auth.require_user(request)
+        row = _lookup_invitation_by_token(token)
+        if row is None:
+            raise HTTPException(404, "Invitation not found")
+        effective = _effective_status(row)
+        rfc = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT slug, title FROM cached_rfcs WHERE slug = ?", (row["rfc_slug"],),
+        ).fetchone()
+        return {
+            "rfc_slug": row["rfc_slug"],
+            "rfc_title": rfc["title"] if rfc else row["rfc_slug"],
+            "role_in_rfc": row["role_in_rfc"],
+            "status": effective,
+            "invitee_email": row["invitee_email"],
+            "email_matches_you": (viewer.email or "").strip().lower()
+                                == row["invitee_email"].strip().lower(),
+            "expires_at": row["expires_at"],
+        }
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+    # POST /api/invitations/accept
+    # The accept gesture: token → collaborator row.
+    #
+    # Requires:
+    #   * an authenticated user (no token-only acceptance — we want
+    #     the per-user audit trail),
+    #   * a valid (pending, non-expired, non-revoked) invitation,
+    #   * the accepting user's email matches invitee_email
+    #     (case-insensitive).
+    #
+    # On success the row's status flips to 'accepted' and a
+    # rfc_collaborators row is inserted (or upgraded if the user
+    # already had a lower role). Idempotent: re-accepting the same
+    # already-accepted invitation reads as a 200 no-op with
+    # `changed=false`.
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    @router.post("/api/invitations/accept")
+    async def accept_invitation(body: AcceptInvitationBody, request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        viewer = auth.require_user(request)
+        row = _lookup_invitation_by_token(body.token)
+        if row is None:
+            raise HTTPException(404, "Invitation not found")
+
+        effective = _effective_status(row)
+        if effective == "revoked":
+            raise HTTPException(409, "Invitation was revoked")
+        if effective == "expired":
+            raise HTTPException(409, "Invitation has expired")
+
+        # Email match — case-insensitive. Empty viewer email cannot
+        # accept (an OAuth-only user with no captured email shape).
+        viewer_email = (viewer.email or "").strip().lower()
+        invitee_email = row["invitee_email"].strip().lower()
+        if not viewer_email or viewer_email != invitee_email:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                403,
+                "This invitation was sent to a different email; sign in with that address",
+            )
+
+        if effective == "accepted":
+            # Idempotent re-accept — surface the existing collaborator
+            # row without writing anything new.
+            collab = db.conn().execute(
+                "SELECT role_in_rfc FROM rfc_collaborators WHERE rfc_slug = ? AND user_id = ?",
+                (row["rfc_slug"], viewer.user_id),
+            ).fetchone()
+            return {
+                "ok": True,
+                "changed": False,
+                "rfc_slug": row["rfc_slug"],
+                "role_in_rfc": collab["role_in_rfc"] if collab else row["role_in_rfc"],
+            }
+
+        # First-time accept. Flip the invitation; upsert the
+        # collaborator. We do the upsert with ON CONFLICT so a
+        # user who already held a lower role gets upgraded, never
+        # downgraded (the MAX-style precedence is contributor >
+        # discussant; lower roles never overwrite higher).
+        with db.tx() as c:
+            c.execute(
+                """
+                UPDATE rfc_invitations
+                   SET status = 'accepted',
+                       accepted_at = datetime('now'),
+                       accepted_by_user_id = ?
+                 WHERE id = ?
+                """,
+                (viewer.user_id, row["id"]),
+            )
+            existing = c.execute(
+                "SELECT role_in_rfc FROM rfc_collaborators WHERE rfc_slug = ? AND user_id = ?",
+                (row["rfc_slug"], viewer.user_id),
+            ).fetchone()
+            target_role = _max_role(
+                existing["role_in_rfc"] if existing else None,
+                row["role_in_rfc"],
+            )
+            if existing is None:
+                c.execute(
+                    """
+                    INSERT INTO rfc_collaborators
+                        (rfc_slug, user_id, role_in_rfc, invitation_id)
+                    VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)
+                    """,
+                    (row["rfc_slug"], viewer.user_id, target_role, row["id"]),
+                )
+            elif existing["role_in_rfc"] != target_role:
+                c.execute(
+                    """
+                    UPDATE rfc_collaborators
+                       SET role_in_rfc = ?, invitation_id = ?
+                     WHERE rfc_slug = ? AND user_id = ?
+                    """,
+                    (target_role, row["id"], row["rfc_slug"], viewer.user_id),
+                )
+
+        return {
+            "ok": True,
+            "changed": True,
+            "rfc_slug": row["rfc_slug"],
+            "role_in_rfc": target_role,
+        }
+
+    return router
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _require_rfc(slug: str):
+    """The invitation surface only operates on a known, non-withdrawn
+    RFC. We refuse 404 on unknown and 409 on withdrawn — mirrors the
+    discussion endpoints' `_require_rfc_readable` shape."""
+    row = db.conn().execute(
+        "SELECT slug, title, state FROM cached_rfcs WHERE slug = ?", (slug,),
+    ).fetchone()
+    if row is None:
+        raise HTTPException(404, "RFC not found")
+    if row["state"] == "withdrawn":
+        raise HTTPException(409, "RFC is withdrawn")
+    return row
+
+
+def _lookup_invitation_by_token(token: str):
+    return db.conn().execute(
+        """
+        SELECT id, rfc_slug, inviter_user_id, invitee_email, role_in_rfc,
+               status, token, expires_at, created_at, accepted_at,
+               accepted_by_user_id
+          FROM rfc_invitations
+         WHERE token = ?
+        """,
+        (token,),
+    ).fetchone()
+
+
+def _effective_status(row) -> str:
+    """The row's column status is the authoritative truth except for
+    `expired` — that is derived from `expires_at` at read time so an
+    unattended cron isn't required to flip rows. A revoked-then-
+    expired row reads as `revoked` (the explicit gesture wins)."""
+    column_status = row["status"]
+    if column_status != "pending":
+        return column_status
+    # Compare via SQL so the comparison is in sqlite-time, matching the
+    # `datetime('now')` insert. A simpler same-process comparison would
+    # work too, but routing through the DB keeps the timezone handling
+    # consistent with the inserts.
+    is_past = db.conn().execute(
+        "SELECT datetime(?) <= datetime('now') AS past",
+        (row["expires_at"],),
+    ).fetchone()["past"]
+    return "expired" if is_past else "pending"
+
+
+def _mint_token() -> str:
+    """A 256-bit URL-safe token. The token shape is opaque to the
+    consumer; the email link encodes it as a query param."""
+    return secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
+
+
+def _max_role(existing: str | None, new: str) -> str:
+    """contributor strictly dominates discussant. A re-accept that
+    would lower the role is a no-op (the existing role survives)."""
+    precedence = {"discussant": 0, "contributor": 1}
+    if existing is None:
+        return new
+    if precedence.get(new, 0) > precedence.get(existing, 0):
+        return new
+    return existing
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Email dispatch — transactional, no preferences honored
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _send_invitation_email(
+    *,
+    to_address: str,
+    inviter_display: str,
+    rfc_title: str,
+    role_in_rfc: str,
+    token: str,
+) -> bool:
+    """Compose and send the invitation email.
+
+    Like `email_otc.send_otc_email`, this writes its own envelope and
+    reuses `EmailConfig.from_env()` for the SMTP plumbing. The
+    `_SENT` buffer is appended either way so integration tests can
+    assert on the outbound shape without a real SMTP server.
+
+    Returns True on the happy path / dev fallback; False on SMTP
+    failure. The caller does not roll back the invitation row on
+    failure — the owner has the token in the create response and on
+    the listing surface for an out-of-band share.
+    """
+    cfg = EmailConfig.from_env()
+    subject = f"{inviter_display} invited you to {rfc_title} on {cfg.from_name}"
+    role_label = (
+        "open PRs against the RFC and join its discussion"
+        if role_in_rfc == "contributor"
+        else "join the RFC's discussion"
+    )
+    link = f"{cfg.app_url}/invitations/accept?token={token}"
+    body = (
+        f"{inviter_display} invited you to {rfc_title} on {cfg.from_name} as {role_in_rfc}.\n\n"
+        f"This invitation lets you {role_label}.\n\n"
+        f"Click to accept (you'll be asked to sign in first if you aren't already):\n\n"
+        f"    {link}\n\n"
+        f"The invitation expires in {INVITATION_TTL_DAYS} days. If you weren't expecting\n"
+        f"this, you can safely ignore the email.\n\n"
+        f"---\n"
+        f"{cfg.from_name} · {cfg.app_url}\n"
+    )
+    envelope = {
+        "to": to_address,
+        "from": formataddr((cfg.from_name, cfg.from_address)),
+        "subject": subject,
+        "body": body,
+        "kind": "rfc_invitation",
+    }
+    _SENT.append(envelope)
+
+    if not cfg.enabled:
+        log.info("invitation email disabled (EMAIL_ENABLED=0): to=%s", to_address)
+        return True
+    if not cfg.smtp_host:
+        # Dev fallback — surface the link at INFO so the operator can
+        # complete an accept flow without an SMTP relay.
+        log.info(
+            "invitation email (stdout fallback): to=%s rfc=%s role=%s link=%s",
+            to_address, rfc_title, role_in_rfc, link,
+        )
+        return True
+
+    try:
+        msg = EmailMessage()
+        msg["From"] = envelope["from"]
+        msg["To"] = to_address
+        msg["Subject"] = subject
+        msg.set_content(body)
+        smtp = smtplib.SMTP(cfg.smtp_host, cfg.smtp_port, timeout=30)
+        try:
+            if cfg.smtp_starttls:
+                smtp.starttls()
+            if cfg.smtp_user:
+                smtp.login(cfg.smtp_user, cfg.smtp_password)
+            smtp.send_message(msg)
+        finally:
+            smtp.quit()
+        return True
+    except Exception:
+        log.exception("invitation email send failed: to=%s", to_address)
+        return False

backend/app/api_prs.py

@@ -112,6 +112,17 @@ def make_router(
     @router.post("/api/rfcs/{slug}/branches/{branch:path}/open-pr")
     async def open_pr(slug: str, branch: str, body: OpenPRBody, request: Request) -> dict[str, Any]:
         viewer = auth.require_contributor(request)
+        # v0.16.0 (item #12): opening a PR is the canonical PR-shaped
+        # write — the gate fires here even though the branch-cutting
+        # entry points also gate, since a user with prior branch access
+        # who's since had their per-RFC role revoked shouldn't be able
+        # to ship the PR. The branch-creation gate is the kickoff
+        # refusal; this one is the post-work refusal.
+        if not auth.can_contribute_to_rfc(viewer, slug):
+            raise HTTPException(
+                403,
+                "This RFC's owner has not invited you to contribute PRs",
+            )
         rfc = _require_active_rfc(slug)
         if branch == "main":
             raise HTTPException(409, "PRs open from non-main branches")

backend/app/auth.py

@@ -290,5 +290,159 @@ def require_admin(request: Request) -> SessionUser:
     return user
 
 
+# v0.16.0 (roadmap item #12): per-RFC membership helpers.
+#
+# These don't replace `require_contributor` — they layer on top of it for
+# endpoints that an RFC's owner can selectively open up. The "discussion"
+# and "PR" write surfaces consult `is_rfc_writer(...)` / `is_rfc_discussant(...)`
+# to admit users who are either platform-privileged (admin, RFC owner)
+# OR who hold an explicit invitation-accepted per-RFC role.
+#
+# The platform gate still fires first: a user whose
+# `permission_state != 'granted'` cannot write anywhere, invitation or
+# not. v0.16.0 doesn't loosen that — a per-RFC invitation is additive
+# *within* the granted-platform-user population. (Accepting an
+# invitation as a pending user surfaces in the admin-page hook per
+# the roadmap text; the platform grant remains the admin's decision.)
+
+
+def _rfc_owners_set(rfc_slug: str) -> set[str]:
+    """The gitea_logins named in the RFC's frontmatter owners array.
+
+    Read from `cached_rfcs.owners_json`. Returns an empty set if the RFC
+    isn't cached (the caller's earlier `_require_rfc_readable` will
+    already have rejected that case in practice).
+    """
+    import json as _json
+    row = db.conn().execute(
+        "SELECT owners_json FROM cached_rfcs WHERE slug = ?", (rfc_slug,),
+    ).fetchone()
+    if row is None:
+        return set()
+    try:
+        return set(_json.loads(row["owners_json"] or "[]"))
+    except Exception:
+        return set()
+
+
+def is_rfc_owner(user: SessionUser | None, rfc_slug: str) -> bool:
+    """True iff the user is named in the RFC's frontmatter `owners`
+    list. The platform-level admin/owner check is separate; per §6.1 an
+    app admin/owner has all per-RFC capabilities by construction, but
+    this predicate is intentionally narrow — it answers "is this
+    person on the RFC's owners line?" and nothing more.
+    """
+    if user is None:
+        return False
+    return user.gitea_login in _rfc_owners_set(rfc_slug)
+
+
+def is_rfc_collaborator(user: SessionUser | None, rfc_slug: str, *, role_in_rfc: str | None = None) -> bool:
+    """True iff the user has an accepted per-RFC collaborator row.
+
+    `role_in_rfc`:
+      * None — any role qualifies (the discussion-write check uses this
+        shape: contributor strictly includes discussant).
+      * 'contributor' — only the contributor role qualifies (the PR-write
+        check uses this shape).
+      * 'discussant' — only the discussant role qualifies (not used by
+        v0.16.0 endpoints; included for symmetry).
+    """
+    if user is None:
+        return False
+    if role_in_rfc is None:
+        row = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT 1 FROM rfc_collaborators WHERE rfc_slug = ? AND user_id = ? LIMIT 1",
+            (rfc_slug, user.user_id),
+        ).fetchone()
+        return row is not None
+    row = db.conn().execute(
+        "SELECT 1 FROM rfc_collaborators WHERE rfc_slug = ? AND user_id = ? AND role_in_rfc = ? LIMIT 1",
+        (rfc_slug, user.user_id, role_in_rfc),
+    ).fetchone()
+    return row is not None
+
+
+def can_discuss_rfc(user: SessionUser | None, rfc_slug: str) -> bool:
+    """v0.16.0 — admit to PR-less discussion writes on this RFC.
+
+    True if ANY of:
+      * platform admin/owner (the §6.1 maximal-capability path),
+      * the RFC has no frontmatter owners yet (the gate is open
+        until an owner exists to set it — relevant for super-drafts
+        pre-§13.1 claim),
+      * RFC owner (frontmatter `owners` membership),
+      * accepted per-RFC collaborator at any role (contributor strictly
+        includes discussant).
+
+    Returns False for anonymous viewers and for users whose
+    `permission_state != 'granted'` — the platform-level gate must hold
+    before any per-RFC layer can apply. The platform gate is also
+    enforced earlier in the request via `require_contributor`; the
+    helper here is defensive so callers that compose it with
+    `current_user` directly still respect the gate.
+    """
+    if user is None:
+        return False
+    if user.permission_state != "granted":
+        return False
+    if user.role in ("owner", "admin"):
+        return True
+    owners = _rfc_owners_set(rfc_slug)
+    if not owners:
+        # No owner to gate the invite-list — fall through to the
+        # platform-granted contract. The first §13.1 claim engages
+        # the gate; before that, anyone platform-granted can
+        # contribute (mirrors the v0.5.0 / v0.6.0 contract).
+        return True
+    if user.gitea_login in owners:
+        return True
+    return is_rfc_collaborator(user, rfc_slug, role_in_rfc=None)
+
+
+def can_contribute_to_rfc(user: SessionUser | None, rfc_slug: str) -> bool:
+    """v0.16.0 — admit to PR-shaped writes on this RFC.
+
+    True if ANY of:
+      * platform admin/owner,
+      * the RFC has no frontmatter owners yet (gate open until an
+        owner exists),
+      * RFC owner,
+      * accepted per-RFC collaborator at role 'contributor' (a
+        'discussant' row is NOT sufficient — PRs are the
+        higher-privilege surface).
+
+    Same `permission_state` and anonymous-viewer refusals as
+    `can_discuss_rfc`.
+    """
+    if user is None:
+        return False
+    if user.permission_state != "granted":
+        return False
+    if user.role in ("owner", "admin"):
+        return True
+    owners = _rfc_owners_set(rfc_slug)
+    if not owners:
+        # Same fall-through as can_discuss_rfc: until an owner exists,
+        # the gate is open.
+        return True
+    if user.gitea_login in owners:
+        return True
+    return is_rfc_collaborator(user, rfc_slug, role_in_rfc="contributor")
+
+
+def can_invite_to_rfc(user: SessionUser | None, rfc_slug: str) -> bool:
+    """v0.16.0 — only RFC owners (frontmatter) and platform admin/owner
+    can issue invitations. Per-RFC collaborators do not get the
+    invite-others power; that stays with the RFC's owner."""
+    if user is None:
+        return False
+    if user.permission_state != "granted":
+        return False
+    if user.role in ("owner", "admin"):
+        return True
+    return is_rfc_owner(user, rfc_slug)
+
+
 def new_state() -> str:
     return secrets.token_urlsafe(16)

backend/app/device_trust.py

@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+"""§6.2 / v0.11.0: trust device for 30 days (roadmap item #9).
+
+After a successful OTC or passcode sign-in, a contributor may check
+"trust this device for 30 days." The framework then issues a
+server-issued opaque token, hashes it (bcrypt) for storage in the
+`device_trust` table, and sets a long-lived cookie carrying the raw
+token. On a subsequent visit, the cookie is presented at
+`/auth/device-trust/start`; if a non-expired, non-revoked row matches,
+the session is re-established without another OTC / passcode round
+trip.
+
+The shape:
+
+  * `issue(user_id, user_agent)` — mint a fresh CSPRNG token, hash it,
+    insert a row, and return the raw token + row id so the endpoint
+    can set the cookie. The 30-day expiry is the only knob; the
+    `revoked_at` column stays NULL.
+  * `lookup(raw_token)` — walk the user's active rows (the unique
+    index keys on the hash, so we read a small candidate set), check
+    the bcrypt hash in constant time, drop any row whose `expires_at`
+    has passed or whose `revoked_at` is non-NULL, and return the
+    matched row or None. On a hit, refresh `last_seen_at`.
+  * `list_for_user(user_id)` — return the active rows for the
+    /settings/devices surface. Revoked + expired rows are filtered out
+    so the surface only shows live trust grants.
+  * `revoke(user_id, row_id)` — stamp `revoked_at` on the row. The
+    next lookup refuses the cookie token (the row is dead).
+  * `revoke_all(user_id)` — bulk-revoke every active row for the user.
+    The /settings/devices surface's "revoke all" button calls this.
+
+Cookie shape: `rfc_device_trust`. HttpOnly, Secure, SameSite=Lax,
+Max-Age=2592000 (30 days), Path=/. The cookie value is the raw token;
+server-side storage is the hash. The cookie is "essential" per the
+v0.13.0 cookie-consent banner (it is part of authentication, not
+analytics), so the framework sets it regardless of analytics /
+other-cookies choices.
+
+Constant-time comparison: bcrypt's `checkpw` is already constant-time
+over the hash bytes. We walk the candidate set linearly with `_check`
+which delegates to `bcrypt.checkpw`; no early-exit shortcut leaks
+which row was the match.
+
+The raw token never appears in a log line or an exception message;
+the helpers carry the token only as a parameter and forget it after
+hashing.
+
+The cookie sits orthogonal to the §6.1 `permission_state` gate: a
+revoked or pending user with a valid device-trust cookie still
+re-establishes their session (the cookie identifies the user, not
+their admission state), and the existing `require_contributor` /
+`require_admin` dependencies in `auth.py` continue to refuse the
+unrelated write surfaces.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+import secrets
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+import bcrypt
+
+from . import db
+from .auth import SessionUser
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Tunables — hard-coded in v0.11.0 (§19.2 candidate to env-ify later).
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+TRUST_DURATION_DAYS = 30
+COOKIE_NAME = "rfc_device_trust"
+COOKIE_MAX_AGE_SECONDS = TRUST_DURATION_DAYS * 24 * 60 * 60
+# 256 bits of CSPRNG entropy. `secrets.token_urlsafe(32)` yields ~43
+# URL-safe characters; the bcrypt hash is what's stored, so the raw
+# token only ever lives in the cookie.
+TOKEN_BYTES = 32
+# User-Agent header values seen in the wild can be unbounded; clamp
+# to a reasonable ceiling so a hostile UA doesn't bloat the row.
+USER_AGENT_MAX_LENGTH = 1024
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Issue
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@dataclass
+class IssueOutcome:
+    """The shape returned from `issue`.
+
+    `raw_token` is the cookie value to send to the client; it never
+    appears in storage. `row_id` is the surrogate key for the
+    /settings/devices UI to address the row by id.
+    """
+    raw_token: str
+    row_id: int
+
+
+def _new_token() -> str:
+    return secrets.token_urlsafe(TOKEN_BYTES)
+
+
+def _hash(token: str) -> str:
+    return bcrypt.hashpw(token.encode("utf-8"), bcrypt.gensalt()).decode("ascii")
+
+
+def _check(token: str, token_hash: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        return bcrypt.checkpw(token.encode("utf-8"), token_hash.encode("ascii"))
+    except (ValueError, TypeError):
+        return False
+
+
+def _trim_user_agent(ua: str) -> str:
+    ua = (ua or "").strip()
+    if len(ua) > USER_AGENT_MAX_LENGTH:
+        return ua[:USER_AGENT_MAX_LENGTH]
+    return ua
+
+
+def issue(user_id: int, user_agent: str) -> IssueOutcome:
+    """Mint a fresh device-trust token + row for `user_id`.
+
+    The row's expiry is set 30 days in the future. The hash, not the
+    raw token, lands in the database. The caller (the endpoint) sets
+    the cookie with the raw token returned here.
+    """
+    raw = _new_token()
+    h = _hash(raw)
+    ua = _trim_user_agent(user_agent)
+    cur = db.conn().execute(
+        f"""
+        INSERT INTO device_trust (user_id, device_token_hash, expires_at, user_agent)
+        VALUES (?, ?, datetime('now', '+{TRUST_DURATION_DAYS} days'), ?)
+        """,
+        (user_id, h, ua),
+    )
+    row_id = cur.lastrowid
+    return IssueOutcome(raw_token=raw, row_id=row_id)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Lookup
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@dataclass
+class LookupOutcome:
+    """The result of `lookup`.
+
+    `user` is populated only on a hit. `reason` distinguishes the
+    failure modes so the endpoint can decide whether to clear the
+    cookie ('expired', 'revoked', 'unknown') or just refuse ('invalid').
+    """
+    ok: bool
+    user: SessionUser | None
+    reason: str  # 'ok' | 'invalid' | 'unknown' | 'expired' | 'revoked'
+    row_id: int | None = None
+
+
+def lookup(raw_token: str) -> LookupOutcome:
+    """Resolve a presented cookie token to a user.
+
+    A hit refreshes `last_seen_at` on the matched row. A miss returns
+    a reason so the endpoint can clear the stale cookie if the row
+    was revoked or expired (vs. simply unknown, which probably means
+    the cookie was forged or the row was wiped by a /settings/devices
+    revoke from another browser).
+    """
+    raw = (raw_token or "").strip()
+    if not raw:
+        return LookupOutcome(ok=False, user=None, reason="invalid")
+
+    # The unique index on `device_token_hash` would let us SELECT by
+    # hash if bcrypt were a stable hash, but bcrypt incorporates a
+    # per-row salt — equal tokens produce different hashes. We walk
+    # the candidate set instead. In practice the set is small (a
+    # human has a handful of trusted devices) and bcrypt is cheap on
+    # the order of milliseconds; the walk is bounded by the user's
+    # active device count.
+    #
+    # We don't pre-filter by `revoked_at IS NULL` here so that a
+    # token presented for a recently-revoked row produces a
+    # 'revoked' outcome (the endpoint surfaces a different shape).
+    # Same for expired: we let the walk hit and classify after.
+    rows = db.conn().execute(
+        """
+        SELECT id, user_id, device_token_hash, expires_at, revoked_at
+          FROM device_trust
+         ORDER BY id DESC
+        """,
+    ).fetchall()
+
+    matched = None
+    for row in rows:
+        if _check(raw, row["device_token_hash"]):
+            matched = row
+            break
+
+    if matched is None:
+        return LookupOutcome(ok=False, user=None, reason="unknown")
+
+    if matched["revoked_at"] is not None:
+        return LookupOutcome(ok=False, user=None, reason="revoked", row_id=matched["id"])
+
+    expired = db.conn().execute(
+        "SELECT datetime(?) < datetime('now') AS expired",
+        (matched["expires_at"],),
+    ).fetchone()["expired"]
+    if expired:
+        return LookupOutcome(ok=False, user=None, reason="expired", row_id=matched["id"])
+
+    # Refresh last-seen so the /settings/devices surface can show the
+    # user when each device was last active. This is the only write
+    # the lookup path does on the hot read.
+    db.conn().execute(
+        "UPDATE device_trust SET last_seen_at = datetime('now') WHERE id = ?",
+        (matched["id"],),
+    )
+    user_row = db.conn().execute(
+        """
+        SELECT id, gitea_id, gitea_login, email, display_name, avatar_url, role, permission_state
+          FROM users
+         WHERE id = ?
+        """,
+        (matched["user_id"],),
+    ).fetchone()
+    if user_row is None:
+        # The user row was deleted but the device_trust row hadn't
+        # cascaded yet (shouldn't happen under the FK ON DELETE
+        # CASCADE — be defensive anyway). Treat as 'unknown' so the
+        # endpoint clears the cookie.
+        return LookupOutcome(ok=False, user=None, reason="unknown", row_id=matched["id"])
+
+    # Also stamp last_seen_at on the user row so the user's overall
+    # activity stamp keeps pace with cookie-only sign-ins.
+    db.conn().execute(
+        "UPDATE users SET last_seen_at = datetime('now') WHERE id = ?",
+        (matched["user_id"],),
+    )
+
+    return LookupOutcome(
+        ok=True,
+        user=SessionUser(
+            user_id=user_row["id"],
+            gitea_id=user_row["gitea_id"] or 0,
+            gitea_login=user_row["gitea_login"] or "",
+            display_name=user_row["display_name"],
+            email=user_row["email"] or "",
+            avatar_url=user_row["avatar_url"] or "",
+            role=user_row["role"],
+            permission_state=user_row["permission_state"] or "granted",
+        ),
+        reason="ok",
+        row_id=matched["id"],
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# List / revoke (for the /settings/devices surface)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DeviceRow:
+    """The shape the /settings/devices endpoint returns.
+
+    Note the absence of `device_token_hash` — the hash is structurally
+    private, and the surface has no use for it.
+    """
+    id: int
+    created_at: str
+    expires_at: str
+    last_seen_at: str
+    user_agent: str
+
+
+def list_for_user(user_id: int) -> list[DeviceRow]:
+    """Active device-trust rows for the user, freshest first.
+
+    Filters out revoked rows and rows whose expiry has passed; the
+    surface only shows live trust grants. A user wondering "which
+    devices are signed in" gets the answer that matches what the
+    framework would actually accept on a presented cookie.
+    """
+    rows = db.conn().execute(
+        """
+        SELECT id, created_at, expires_at, last_seen_at, user_agent
+          FROM device_trust
+         WHERE user_id = ?
+           AND revoked_at IS NULL
+           AND datetime(expires_at) > datetime('now')
+         ORDER BY last_seen_at DESC, id DESC
+        """,
+        (user_id,),
+    ).fetchall()
+    return [
+        DeviceRow(
+            id=row["id"],
+            created_at=row["created_at"],
+            expires_at=row["expires_at"],
+            last_seen_at=row["last_seen_at"],
+            user_agent=row["user_agent"] or "",
+        )
+        for row in rows
+    ]
+
+
+def revoke(user_id: int, row_id: int) -> bool:
+    """Revoke a single device-trust row for the given user.
+
+    Returns True iff a row was matched (still active, belongs to the
+    user). The user-id scope is enforced in SQL so a hostile client
+    cannot revoke another user's row by guessing ids.
+    """
+    cur = db.conn().execute(
+        """
+        UPDATE device_trust
+           SET revoked_at = datetime('now')
+         WHERE id = ?
+           AND user_id = ?
+           AND revoked_at IS NULL
+        """,
+        (row_id, user_id),
+    )
+    return cur.rowcount > 0
+
+
+def revoke_all(user_id: int) -> int:
+    """Revoke every active device-trust row for the user. Returns the
+    count of rows touched.
+
+    The /settings/devices "revoke all" button calls this. The user's
+    current request stays authenticated via its session cookie; the
+    device-trust cookie on the current device is also revoked, but
+    the session middleware's `rfc_session` cookie keeps the request
+    flow alive until the user signs out or the session cookie
+    expires.
+    """
+    cur = db.conn().execute(
+        """
+        UPDATE device_trust
+           SET revoked_at = datetime('now')
+         WHERE user_id = ?
+           AND revoked_at IS NULL
+        """,
+        (user_id,),
+    )
+    return cur.rowcount

backend/app/email.py

@@ -139,6 +139,10 @@ _EVENT_TO_CATEGORY: dict[str, str] = {
     "graduation_complete": "personal-direct",
     "super_draft_graduation_ready": "admin-actionable",
     "claim_opened": "structural",
+    # v0.9.0: roadmap item #7. A fresh beta-access request lands as
+    # an admin-actionable signal so it consults `email_admin_actionable`
+    # and reaches owners/admins only.
+    "new_beta_request": "admin-actionable",
 }
 
 
@@ -285,6 +289,13 @@ def _deep_link(payload: dict, cfg: EmailConfig) -> str:
     slug = payload.get("rfc_slug")
     pr = payload.get("pr_number")
     branch = payload.get("branch_name")
+    event_kind = payload.get("event_kind")
+    # v0.9.0: framework-scoped admin signals link to the admin
+    # surface, not /rfc/... The `new_beta_request` event is the
+    # canonical example; future framework-scoped admin events
+    # may reuse the same branch.
+    if event_kind == "new_beta_request":
+        return f"{cfg.app_url}/admin/users"
     if slug and pr:
         return f"{cfg.app_url}/rfc/{slug}/pr/{pr}"
     if slug and branch:

backend/app/main.py

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ import logging
 import secrets
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
 
-from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI, HTTPException, Request
+from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI, HTTPException, Request, Response
-from fastapi.responses import RedirectResponse
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, RedirectResponse
 from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 from starlette.middleware.sessions import SessionMiddleware
 
@@ -20,12 +20,14 @@ from . import (
     auth,
     cache,
     db,
+    device_trust as device_trust_mod,
     digest,
     email_otc,
     hygiene,
     otc,
     passcode as passcode_mod,
     providers as providers_mod,
+    turnstile,
     webhooks,
 )
 from .bot import Bot
@@ -38,11 +40,25 @@ log = logging.getLogger("rfc_app")
 
 class OtcRequestBody(BaseModel):
     email: str = Field(min_length=3, max_length=320)
+    # v0.12.0 / roadmap item #10: CloudFlare Turnstile token from the
+    # frontend widget. Optional in the body so a deployment that has
+    # not yet wired the Turnstile site key (or a dev environment with
+    # the widget intentionally skipped) still routes through the same
+    # endpoint; the backend turnstile.verify_token call decides whether
+    # to admit the request based on `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED` + presence of
+    # the secret.
+    turnstile_token: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=4096)
 
 
 class OtcVerifyBody(BaseModel):
     email: str = Field(min_length=3, max_length=320)
     code: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=16)
+    # v0.11.0 — "trust this device for 30 days" checkbox on the Login.jsx
+    # OTC step. When true and verify succeeds, the server issues a fresh
+    # device-trust row and sets the `rfc_device_trust` cookie on the
+    # response. Defaults to false so existing clients that don't send
+    # the flag continue to behave the way they did pre-v0.11.0.
+    trust_device: bool = False
 
 
 class PasscodeSetBody(BaseModel):
@@ -52,6 +68,8 @@ class PasscodeSetBody(BaseModel):
 class PasscodeVerifyBody(BaseModel):
     email: str = Field(min_length=3, max_length=320)
     passcode: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=64)
+    # v0.11.0 — same trust-device opt-in as the OTC verify body.
+    trust_device: bool = False
 
 
 @asynccontextmanager
@@ -117,6 +135,48 @@ def create_app() -> FastAPI:
 app = create_app()
 
 
+def _set_device_trust_cookie(response: Response, raw_token: str) -> None:
+    """Attach the v0.11.0 device-trust cookie to the response.
+
+    HttpOnly + Secure + SameSite=Lax + 30-day Max-Age + Path=/. The
+    cookie value is the raw token; server-side storage is the hash.
+    The cookie is "essential" per the v0.13.0 cookie-consent contract
+    (it is part of authentication), so we set it regardless of the
+    user's analytics / other-cookies choice.
+
+    Secure=True means the cookie is only ever sent over HTTPS. The
+    SessionMiddleware in `create_app` keeps `https_only=False` for
+    dev parity, but the device-trust cookie holds a 30-day credential
+    and must not travel cleartext — production deployments serve over
+    HTTPS, so Secure on the device-trust cookie is non-negotiable.
+    """
+    response.set_cookie(
+        key=device_trust_mod.COOKIE_NAME,
+        value=raw_token,
+        max_age=device_trust_mod.COOKIE_MAX_AGE_SECONDS,
+        path="/",
+        secure=True,
+        httponly=True,
+        samesite="lax",
+    )
+
+
+def _clear_device_trust_cookie(response: Response) -> None:
+    """Delete the device-trust cookie on the response.
+
+    Used when the framework detects a presented cookie that is
+    expired, revoked, or otherwise stale — the next request from
+    this device will not carry a dead token.
+    """
+    response.delete_cookie(
+        key=device_trust_mod.COOKIE_NAME,
+        path="/",
+        secure=True,
+        httponly=True,
+        samesite="lax",
+    )
+
+
 def _oauth_router(config) -> APIRouter:
     router = APIRouter()
 
@@ -164,7 +224,27 @@ def _oauth_router(config) -> APIRouter:
     # ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
     @router.post("/auth/otc/request")
-    async def otc_request(body: OtcRequestBody):
+    async def otc_request(body: OtcRequestBody, request: Request):
+        # v0.12.0 / roadmap item #10: gate the request on a successful
+        # Turnstile siteverify before the bcrypt hash + SMTP send. The
+        # check runs first so a failed challenge spends no rate budget
+        # and produces no envelope. When the operator has not wired the
+        # secret AND TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=false (the default), the gate
+        # opens — see `backend/app/turnstile.py` for the full matrix.
+        client_ip = request.client.host if request.client else None
+        ts = turnstile.verify_token(body.turnstile_token, client_ip=client_ip)
+        if not ts.ok:
+            if ts.reason == "misconfigured":
+                # TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true but the secret is unset. This
+                # is an operator/config problem, not a client problem;
+                # surface as 500 so the operator notices in their logs
+                # rather than blaming the user's browser.
+                raise HTTPException(500, "auth misconfigured")
+            # missing-token / failed / network → uniform 400 so the
+            # response does not enumerate which leg of the challenge
+            # broke. The reason is in the server logs.
+            raise HTTPException(400, "verification failed")
+
         outcome = otc.request_code(body.email)
         if outcome.reason == "cooldown":
             # Loud failure per the rate-limit primitive — the abuse
@@ -177,7 +257,7 @@ def _oauth_router(config) -> APIRouter:
         return {"ok": True}
 
     @router.post("/auth/otc/verify")
-    async def otc_verify(body: OtcVerifyBody, request: Request):
+    async def otc_verify(body: OtcVerifyBody, request: Request, response: Response):
         result = otc.verify_code(body.email, body.code)
         if not result.ok or result.user is None:
             raise HTTPException(400, "Invalid or expired code")
@@ -202,6 +282,18 @@ def _oauth_router(config) -> APIRouter:
             and not last_name
             and not beta_request_reason
         )
+        # v0.11.0 — opt-in device trust. The checkbox lives on the
+        # Login.jsx OTC step; when true, the server mints a fresh
+        # device-trust row and sets the long-lived cookie. The cookie
+        # is "essential" per the v0.13.0 consent contract (it is part
+        # of authentication, not analytics) so it lands regardless of
+        # the user's analytics / other-cookies choice. We capture the
+        # User-Agent at issuance so the /settings/devices surface can
+        # render a rough device label.
+        if body.trust_device:
+            ua = request.headers.get("user-agent", "")
+            outcome = device_trust_mod.issue(result.user.user_id, ua)
+            _set_device_trust_cookie(response, outcome.raw_token)
         return {
             "ok": True,
             "user": {
@@ -254,12 +346,16 @@ def _oauth_router(config) -> APIRouter:
         return {"ok": True}
 
     @router.post("/auth/passcode/verify")
-    async def passcode_verify(body: PasscodeVerifyBody, request: Request):
+    async def passcode_verify(body: PasscodeVerifyBody, request: Request, response: Response):
         """Sign in with email + passcode. Returns the standard session
         payload on success; HTTP 423 with `locked_until` when the
         account is in the lockout window; HTTP 400 for every other
         failure (the wrong-vs-unknown distinction is intentionally
-        collapsed so a probing client cannot enumerate emails)."""
+        collapsed so a probing client cannot enumerate emails).
+
+        v0.11.0: the body's `trust_device` flag, if true, mints a
+        fresh device-trust row and sets the long-lived cookie. Same
+        opt-in contract as `/auth/otc/verify`."""
         result = passcode_mod.verify_passcode(body.email, body.passcode)
         if result.reason == "locked":
             raise HTTPException(
@@ -272,6 +368,10 @@ def _oauth_router(config) -> APIRouter:
         if not result.ok or result.user is None:
             raise HTTPException(400, "Invalid passcode")
         auth.store_session(request, result.user)
+        if body.trust_device:
+            ua = request.headers.get("user-agent", "")
+            outcome = device_trust_mod.issue(result.user.user_id, ua)
+            _set_device_trust_cookie(response, outcome.raw_token)
         return {
             "ok": True,
             "user": {
@@ -282,4 +382,62 @@ def _oauth_router(config) -> APIRouter:
             },
         }
 
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+    # v0.11.0: trust device for 30 days (§6.2, roadmap item #9).
+    #
+    # The /auth/device-trust/start endpoint resolves a presented
+    # `rfc_device_trust` cookie. If it matches a non-expired,
+    # non-revoked row, the session is re-established and the client
+    # is told to skip OTC/passcode entry. A stale cookie (expired or
+    # revoked) is cleared on the response. A miss is structurally
+    # silent — the client falls back to the email step.
+    #
+    # The endpoint is anonymous-reachable: a returning visitor with
+    # the cookie hits this before the email step. We do not gate it
+    # on a session because the entire point is to establish one.
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    @router.post("/auth/device-trust/start")
+    async def device_trust_start(request: Request):
+        """Sign in via a presented device-trust cookie.
+
+        On a hit, re-establishes the session in the cookie store and
+        returns a user payload shaped like /auth/otc/verify (minus
+        `needs_profile`, which a returning device-trust user is
+        structurally past — they signed in at least once before).
+        On a miss, returns 401 + clears the stale cookie. An
+        'unknown' miss (cookie present but no row matches) also
+        clears, since the token is dead to the server either way.
+
+        Note on response construction: we return a `JSONResponse`
+        directly rather than raising `HTTPException` on the miss
+        path because FastAPI's exception handler builds a new
+        response from scratch and would drop any `set_cookie` /
+        `delete_cookie` calls. The hand-built `JSONResponse` lets
+        us attach the cookie-clear header alongside the 401.
+        """
+        raw = request.cookies.get(device_trust_mod.COOKIE_NAME, "")
+        if not raw:
+            return JSONResponse({"detail": "No device trust"}, status_code=401)
+        outcome = device_trust_mod.lookup(raw)
+        if not outcome.ok or outcome.user is None:
+            # Clear the stale cookie so subsequent requests don't
+            # keep replaying a dead token. We surface 401 in all
+            # cases so a probing client can't tell "your row was
+            # revoked" from "this token never existed".
+            response = JSONResponse({"detail": "Device trust invalid"}, status_code=401)
+            _clear_device_trust_cookie(response)
+            return response
+        auth.store_session(request, outcome.user)
+        return {
+            "ok": True,
+            "user": {
+                "id": outcome.user.user_id,
+                "display_name": outcome.user.display_name,
+                "email": outcome.user.email,
+                "role": outcome.user.role,
+                "permission_state": outcome.user.permission_state,
+            },
+        }
+
     return router

backend/app/notify.py

@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 CATEGORY_PERSONAL = "personal-direct"
 CATEGORY_STRUCTURAL = "structural"
 CATEGORY_CHURN = "churn"
+CATEGORY_ADMIN_ACTIONABLE = "admin-actionable"
 
 # Action kinds whose actor's first interaction with a slug triggers
 # auto-watch per §15.6. The substantive-gesture list in the spec is
@@ -208,6 +209,67 @@ def fan_out_from_action(
             )
 
 
+def fan_out_new_beta_request(
+    *,
+    requester_user_id: int,
+) -> None:
+    """v0.9.0 (roadmap item #7): announce a fresh beta-access request to
+    every admin/owner.
+
+    Called from `POST /api/auth/me/beta-request` after the row's
+    first/last/why fields are populated. Fan-out shape mirrors the §15
+    chokepoint contract: one row per recipient, written via `_emit_one`
+    so the SSE broadcast + email dispatch run through the same surface
+    every other notification uses. The event has no rfc_slug (it is
+    framework-scoped, not RFC-scoped); the deep-link payload points
+    `/admin/users` instead of `/rfc/<slug>`.
+
+    Actor is the requester per §15.9 (the underlying user, never the
+    bot). Category is `admin-actionable` so the §15.4 email gate
+    consults `email_admin_actionable` (owners/admins-only by
+    construction) and the digest exclusion rules treat it identically
+    to other admin-actionable signals (graduation_ready et al).
+
+    Recipients are owners + admins minus the requester themselves
+    (a self-promotion shouldn't reach the requester's own inbox). The
+    requester is never in the role set in practice — the endpoint
+    refuses 'granted'/'revoked' callers and a fresh OTC user lands
+    `contributor`+`pending` — but we filter regardless so the call
+    is robust to future changes in the auth gate.
+    """
+    requester = db.conn().execute(
+        "SELECT first_name, last_name, email, display_name FROM users WHERE id = ?",
+        (requester_user_id,),
+    ).fetchone()
+    if requester is None:
+        return
+    first = (requester["first_name"] or "").strip()
+    last = (requester["last_name"] or "").strip()
+    email = requester["email"] or ""
+    display = requester["display_name"] or email or "a new user"
+    full_name = (f"{first} {last}").strip() or display
+    details = {
+        "requester_user_id": requester_user_id,
+        "requester_first_name": first,
+        "requester_last_name": last,
+        "requester_email": email,
+        "requester_display": full_name,
+    }
+    for recipient_id in _admin_user_ids():
+        if recipient_id == requester_user_id:
+            continue
+        _emit_one(
+            recipient_user_id=recipient_id,
+            event_kind="new_beta_request",
+            category=CATEGORY_ADMIN_ACTIONABLE,
+            actor_user_id=requester_user_id,
+            rfc_slug=None,
+            branch_name=None,
+            pr_number=None,
+            details=details,
+        )
+
+
 def fan_out_chat_message(
     *,
     actor_user_id: int,
@@ -707,6 +769,16 @@ def render_summary(event_kind: str, actor_display: str | None, rfc_title: str |
         return f"{actor} began graduating {title}."
     if event_kind == "pr_conflict_with_main":
         return f"{actor} started a resolution branch on {title}."
+    if event_kind == "new_beta_request":
+        # v0.9.0: framework-scoped, not RFC-scoped. The actor (the
+        # requester) and the captured full name + email read as
+        # one self-contained sentence; the inbox row and the email
+        # body share this text per §15.4.
+        full_name = extras.get("requester_display") or actor
+        email_addr = extras.get("requester_email") or ""
+        if email_addr:
+            return f"New beta-access request from {full_name} ({email_addr})."
+        return f"New beta-access request from {full_name}."
     return f"{event_kind} on {title}"
 
 

backend/app/turnstile.py

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+"""§6.2 / v0.12.0 / roadmap item #10: CloudFlare Turnstile siteverify.
+
+The OTC request endpoint (`/auth/otc/request`) is the abuse hot path
+of the auth surface since v0.7.0 — the per-email cooldown stops the
+trivial back-to-back loop, but it does not stop a distributed scraper
+that fans out across a large invitee list to harvest the "this email
+is admitted vs. this email is not" signal indirectly (timing
+differences, SMTP bounce-rate observation). v0.12.0 gates the request
+endpoint behind a one-step browser-side Turnstile challenge before the
+bcrypt hash + SMTP send.
+
+Stateless: no DB writes, no schema change. The siteverify call to
+CloudFlare lives entirely in this module; the endpoint handler in
+`main.py` thin-wraps `verify_token`.
+
+Tunables (read at call time so tests can monkeypatch):
+
+  * `CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET`  — the operator-provisioned secret
+    key from the Turnstile dashboard. Lives in GCP Secret Manager in
+    production; absent in tests (which monkeypatch the siteverify
+    transport). When unset, the behavior depends on `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED`:
+      - `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true`  → fail closed (`misconfigured`).
+      - `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=false` (default) → skip verification entirely
+        and admit the request. This is the dev/test path and the
+        "operator hasn't wired the secret yet" path; production
+        deployments **should** set `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true` once the
+        secret is in place so a regression in the secret wiring fails
+        loudly instead of silently disabling abuse defense.
+
+  * `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED`           — `true` / `false` (default `false`).
+    When `false` and the secret is absent, the gate is open. When
+    `true` and the secret is absent, the endpoint refuses with a
+    misconfigured-auth shape rather than silently letting requests
+    through.
+
+  * `TURNSTILE_SITEVERIFY_URL`     — points at the real CloudFlare
+    endpoint by default. Override in tests to redirect at a mock
+    URL when `httpx.MockTransport` isn't ergonomic for the case.
+
+The siteverify contract is documented at
+https://developers.cloudflare.com/turnstile/get-started/server-side-validation/.
+We POST `secret` + `response` (and optionally `remoteip`) as form
+fields and read back `{"success": true|false, ...}`. Any network /
+parse failure on the siteverify call is treated as a verification
+failure (`network`) — the abuse path is to skip the challenge, so
+"can't reach CloudFlare" defaults to "refuse the request" when
+`TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true`, and "admit" when `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=false`.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+import os
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+import httpx
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+SITEVERIFY_URL = "https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/siteverify"
+
+
+def _secret() -> str:
+    return os.environ.get("CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET", "").strip()
+
+
+def _required() -> bool:
+    raw = os.environ.get("TURNSTILE_REQUIRED", "").strip().lower()
+    return raw in ("1", "true", "yes", "on")
+
+
+def _siteverify_url() -> str:
+    return os.environ.get("TURNSTILE_SITEVERIFY_URL", "").strip() or SITEVERIFY_URL
+
+
+@dataclass
+class VerifyOutcome:
+    """Result of a Turnstile siteverify call.
+
+    `ok`: the request **may proceed**. True both for "siteverify said
+    success" and for "no secret configured AND not required" (the
+    dev/test soft-fail path).
+
+    `reason`: one of
+      * 'ok'             — siteverify returned success.
+      * 'skipped'        — no secret configured, TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=false.
+                            The gate is open; the endpoint admits the request.
+      * 'misconfigured'  — TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true but no secret in env.
+                            The endpoint fails closed with 500.
+      * 'missing-token'  — the client did not send a token at all and
+                            verification is required.
+      * 'failed'         — siteverify returned success=false. The
+                            endpoint refuses with 400.
+      * 'network'        — siteverify call raised. Treated as a failure
+                            under TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true.
+    """
+    ok: bool
+    reason: str
+
+
+def verify_token(token: str | None, *, client_ip: str | None = None) -> VerifyOutcome:
+    """Validate a Turnstile token against CloudFlare's siteverify endpoint.
+
+    Returns a VerifyOutcome describing whether the calling endpoint
+    should proceed. The endpoint maps `ok=False` to an HTTP status per
+    the `reason`:
+
+      * 'misconfigured' → 500 "auth misconfigured"
+      * 'missing-token' / 'failed' / 'network' → 400 "verification failed"
+
+    Tests monkeypatch `httpx.post` (or set `TURNSTILE_SITEVERIFY_URL`
+    + a MockTransport client) to avoid touching the real CloudFlare
+    endpoint. No real keys are ever embedded in tests.
+    """
+    secret = _secret()
+    required = _required()
+
+    if not secret:
+        if required:
+            log.warning("Turnstile required but CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET is unset; failing closed")
+            return VerifyOutcome(ok=False, reason="misconfigured")
+        # Dev/test/soft-fail path: no secret, not required → gate is open.
+        return VerifyOutcome(ok=True, reason="skipped")
+
+    if not token or not token.strip():
+        # Secret is set, so verification is in force. A missing token
+        # is a hard refuse — the frontend should have rendered the
+        # widget and collected one.
+        return VerifyOutcome(ok=False, reason="missing-token")
+
+    data = {"secret": secret, "response": token.strip()}
+    if client_ip:
+        data["remoteip"] = client_ip
+
+    try:
+        response = httpx.post(_siteverify_url(), data=data, timeout=10.0)
+        payload = response.json()
+    except Exception as exc:  # network, JSON parse, etc.
+        log.warning("Turnstile siteverify call failed: %s", exc)
+        return VerifyOutcome(ok=False, reason="network")
+
+    if payload.get("success") is True:
+        return VerifyOutcome(ok=True, reason="ok")
+
+    # `error-codes` is a list of strings on failure; we log the codes
+    # for the operator without surfacing them to the client.
+    log.info("Turnstile siteverify rejected token: %s", payload.get("error-codes"))
+    return VerifyOutcome(ok=False, reason="failed")

backend/migrations/017_device_trust.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+-- §6.2 / v0.11.0: trust device for 30 days (roadmap item #9).
+--
+-- After a successful OTC or passcode sign-in, the user can check
+-- "trust this device for 30 days." The framework then issues a
+-- server-issued opaque device-trust token, stores its hash on this
+-- table, and sets a long-lived HttpOnly + Secure + SameSite=Lax
+-- cookie carrying the raw token. On a subsequent visit, the cookie is
+-- presented at `/auth/device-trust/start`; if the server can match the
+-- hash to a non-expired non-revoked row, the user is signed in without
+-- another OTC / passcode round-trip.
+--
+-- v0.11.0 introduces no new env vars. The 30-day window is hard-coded
+-- in `backend/app/device_trust.py`; raising or lowering it (or making
+-- it user-selectable) is a §19.2 candidate, alongside the cross-device
+-- session-revocation surface this table will eventually share with the
+-- v0.10.0 passcode-lockout shape (see SPEC §19.2 / SESSIONS-AND-DEVICES).
+--
+-- Storage shape:
+--
+--   * `id` — surrogate key. Lets the revoke-device UI address a single
+--     row by id without leaking the token shape.
+--   * `user_id` — FK into users(id) with cascade on delete. A deleted
+--     user automatically loses every trusted device.
+--   * `device_token_hash` — bcrypt hash of the random opaque token
+--     issued at trust-time. The raw token only ever lives in the
+--     outbound `Set-Cookie` header and the inbound `Cookie` header;
+--     server-side storage is the hash, so a DB compromise does not
+--     hand attackers a stash of valid device tokens.
+--   * `created_at` — when the row was issued.
+--   * `expires_at` — `created_at + 30 days`. A row past this timestamp
+--     is dead; the lookup path refuses it without further checks.
+--   * `user_agent` — the User-Agent header captured at issuance.
+--     Stored verbatim (truncated to 1024 chars at the application
+--     layer) so the revoke-device UI can show a rough device label.
+--     Not used for any auth decision — purely a hint to the user
+--     reviewing their device list.
+--   * `last_seen_at` — refreshed every time the row authenticates a
+--     request. Lets the revoke-device UI surface "last used 3 days
+--     ago" so the user can tell which row corresponds to which
+--     device.
+--   * `revoked_at` — NULL means active; non-NULL stamps when the user
+--     (or admin) revoked the row. Lookups treat any non-NULL value
+--     as "this row is dead" without consulting the expiry; the
+--     revoke gesture is intentionally one-way (a revoked device must
+--     re-trust to come back online).
+--
+-- Indexing: a unique index on `device_token_hash` so collisions are
+-- detectable at insert time (the token space is 256 bits of CSPRNG
+-- entropy, so a collision is structurally impossible, but the
+-- declaration documents the invariant). A separate index on
+-- `(user_id, revoked_at)` so the revoke-device UI's list query is
+-- a covering walk.
+--
+-- The bcrypt dependency reused here was added in v0.7.0 for OTC and
+-- extended in v0.10.0 for passcodes; v0.11.0 needs no new dep.
+--
+-- The cookie shape: `rfc_device_trust` carries the raw token,
+-- HttpOnly, Secure, SameSite=Lax, Max-Age=2592000 (30 days). It is
+-- "essential" per the v0.13.0 cookie-consent banner (it is part of
+-- authentication, not analytics), so it is set regardless of the
+-- user's analytics / other-cookies choices.
+
+CREATE TABLE device_trust (
+    id                  INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    user_id             INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    device_token_hash   TEXT NOT NULL,
+    created_at          TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now')),
+    expires_at          TEXT NOT NULL,
+    user_agent          TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    last_seen_at        TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now')),
+    revoked_at          TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_device_trust_token_hash ON device_trust (device_token_hash);
+CREATE INDEX idx_device_trust_user ON device_trust (user_id, revoked_at);

backend/migrations/018_rfc_invitations.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+-- §6 / §10 / v0.16.0: owner-only invite for per-RFC contribution +
+-- discussion (roadmap item #12).
+--
+-- Distinct from a platform-level grant (`users.permission_state`,
+-- v0.8.0 / item #6). This row is per-RFC membership: the RFC's owner
+-- invites a specific email to either open PRs against that RFC
+-- (`role_in_rfc='contributor'`) or to participate in the RFC's PR-less
+-- discussion only (`role_in_rfc='discussant'`). Non-invited users keep
+-- the v0.6.0 anonymous-read contract — they can read but cannot
+-- write/discuss that specific RFC.
+--
+-- Coordinates with item #16's parallel work this wave: that item
+-- adds platform-wide invitation tokens; this one adds per-RFC
+-- collaboration rows. To avoid table-name + concept collisions the
+-- two surfaces are scoped distinctly — this migration owns slot 018
+-- and names everything `rfc_*` (RFC-scoped); #16 will use a later
+-- slot and name its tables under a different prefix (`invite_tokens`
+-- or similar) at the user/platform level.
+--
+-- Tables in this migration:
+--
+--   * `rfc_invitations` — one row per (rfc, invitee_email) invite
+--     issued by the RFC's owner. Carries the role-in-RFC the
+--     invitation grants, the opaque token the email link encodes,
+--     the lifecycle state, and the audit trail (who invited, when
+--     accepted, by which user_id if any).
+--
+--   * `rfc_collaborators` — one row per (rfc, user_id, role_in_rfc)
+--     after an invitation is accepted. This is the table the
+--     write-gate consults: "is the viewer named here for this RFC?"
+--     Separating the two means the invitation row carries the
+--     issue/accept lifecycle while the collaborator row is the
+--     compact membership-check substrate. A grant via collaborator
+--     can exist independently of a live invitation (admin-only
+--     direct insert is a §19.2 candidate; v0.16.0 only writes
+--     collaborator rows via the accept path).
+--
+-- Authorization model the application layer enforces on top of these
+-- rows (not encoded in SQL — the schema is just storage):
+--
+--   * Writes (open PR, post discussion message, open discussion
+--     thread) to an RFC require ONE of:
+--       (a) the viewer is named in this RFC's `rfc_collaborators`
+--           with the appropriate role_in_rfc, OR
+--       (b) the viewer holds a globally privileged role (admin,
+--           owner of the platform) per the existing §6 helpers, OR
+--       (c) the viewer is named in the RFC's frontmatter owners
+--           list (the §6 RFC-owner concept, which already grants
+--           the maximal per-RFC capability).
+--
+--   * Reads remain on the v0.6.0 anonymous-read contract — anyone
+--     can read any non-withdrawn RFC. Item #12 does not narrow this.
+--
+--   * Only the RFC's owner (per `cached_rfcs.owners_json`) can
+--     invite. App admins/owners also can (they have the maximal
+--     per-RFC capability by construction).
+--
+-- Storage shape — `rfc_invitations`:
+--
+--   * `id` — surrogate key; the revoke-by-id surface addresses a
+--     single row without leaking the token shape.
+--
+--   * `rfc_slug` — TEXT NOT NULL; the RFC the invitation scopes to.
+--     We FK against `cached_rfcs(slug)` so a withdrawn/deleted RFC
+--     cascades its invitations away cleanly. The §4 cache contract
+--     says cached_rfcs is rebuildable from Gitea; per the same
+--     contract, invitations are app-truth (no Git substrate), so
+--     the cascade is the right direction.
+--
+--   * `inviter_user_id` — the owner who issued the invite. ON
+--     DELETE SET NULL because losing the inviter's user row should
+--     not cascade-delete invitations they sent (the row stays as
+--     audit; the UI renders "by (deleted user)" the same way the
+--     audit log does for orphaned actors).
+--
+--   * `invitee_email` — TEXT NOT NULL; the email the invitation
+--     was sent to. Stored verbatim (case-preserved) so the email
+--     body can address the invitee in their original shape; the
+--     accept path matches case-insensitively.
+--
+--   * `role_in_rfc` — CHECK in {'contributor' | 'discussant'}.
+--     `contributor` lets the user open PRs against the RFC AND
+--     post in its discussion (PR-permission strictly includes
+--     discussion-permission); `discussant` only lets them post
+--     in discussion. Future roles (e.g., 'arbiter') would be
+--     additions; v0.16.0 ships the two.
+--
+--   * `status` — CHECK in {'pending' | 'accepted' | 'revoked' |
+--     'expired'}. Default 'pending'. `accepted` flips on the
+--     accept endpoint; `revoked` on the owner's revoke gesture;
+--     `expired` lazily on read (the accept endpoint refuses a
+--     row whose expires_at has passed, regardless of the column
+--     value).
+--
+--   * `token` — opaque high-entropy string the email link
+--     encodes. Stored verbatim (not hashed) because the
+--     invitation token is single-use and lower-stakes than a
+--     session token: it grants per-RFC role only, and is bounded
+--     by expires_at. Hashing the token here is a §19.2 candidate
+--     if/when the threat model demands it. UNIQUE so the accept
+--     path is a single-row lookup.
+--
+--   * `expires_at` — TEXT timestamp. Set to `created_at + 30 days`
+--     at insert time by the application layer. Accept refuses past
+--     this point; the row can still be revoked or re-issued.
+--
+--   * `created_at` — when the invitation was issued.
+--
+--   * `accepted_at` — when the invitee accepted (NULL until then).
+--
+--   * `accepted_by_user_id` — the user row that accepted. NULL
+--     until acceptance. On a fresh email (no platform user yet)
+--     the accept endpoint requires the invitee to sign in first
+--     via the v0.7.0 OTC path; that path provisions the user row,
+--     after which the accept call lands the user_id here.
+--
+-- Indexing:
+--
+--   * UNIQUE on `token` so the accept lookup is a primary-key-shape
+--     hit and accidental collisions are detectable at insert time.
+--   * (rfc_slug, status) for the owner's "list pending/accepted for
+--     this RFC" surface — the most frequent query.
+--   * (invitee_email, status) for a future cross-RFC "show me my
+--     pending invites" inbox; v0.16.0 doesn't ship that surface but
+--     the index slot is cheap and aligned with the data shape.
+--
+-- Storage shape — `rfc_collaborators`:
+--
+--   * `id` — surrogate key.
+--   * `rfc_slug` — TEXT NOT NULL FK cached_rfcs(slug) ON DELETE CASCADE.
+--   * `user_id` — INTEGER NOT NULL FK users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE.
+--     A deleted user loses every per-RFC role automatically (mirrors
+--     the device_trust / passcode cascade shape).
+--   * `role_in_rfc` — same CHECK as the invitation table.
+--   * `invitation_id` — INTEGER FK rfc_invitations(id) ON DELETE
+--     SET NULL. Audit pointer to the row that minted this
+--     collaborator; NULL is allowed so a future admin-direct grant
+--     path (a §19.2 candidate) can mint a collaborator with no
+--     originating invitation. v0.16.0 always populates this.
+--   * `created_at` — when the collaborator row was minted.
+--
+-- Indexing on collaborators:
+--   * UNIQUE on (rfc_slug, user_id) — a single user can hold at most
+--     one role per RFC. Re-accepting an invitation upgrades the row
+--     (discussant → contributor) but never duplicates.
+--   * (user_id) for "what RFCs am I a collaborator on?" reads.
+
+CREATE TABLE rfc_invitations (
+    id                      INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    rfc_slug                TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES cached_rfcs(slug) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    inviter_user_id         INTEGER REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE SET NULL,
+    invitee_email           TEXT NOT NULL,
+    role_in_rfc             TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (role_in_rfc IN ('contributor', 'discussant')),
+    status                  TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'pending'
+        CHECK (status IN ('pending', 'accepted', 'revoked', 'expired')),
+    token                   TEXT NOT NULL,
+    expires_at              TEXT NOT NULL,
+    created_at              TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now')),
+    accepted_at             TEXT,
+    accepted_by_user_id     INTEGER REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE SET NULL
+);
+
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_rfc_invitations_token ON rfc_invitations (token);
+CREATE INDEX idx_rfc_invitations_rfc_status ON rfc_invitations (rfc_slug, status);
+CREATE INDEX idx_rfc_invitations_email_status ON rfc_invitations (invitee_email, status);
+
+CREATE TABLE rfc_collaborators (
+    id              INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    rfc_slug        TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES cached_rfcs(slug) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    user_id         INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    role_in_rfc     TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (role_in_rfc IN ('contributor', 'discussant')),
+    invitation_id   INTEGER REFERENCES rfc_invitations(id) ON DELETE SET NULL,
+    created_at      TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now'))
+);
+
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_rfc_collaborators_unique ON rfc_collaborators (rfc_slug, user_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_rfc_collaborators_user ON rfc_collaborators (user_id);

backend/tests/test_admin_users_vertical.py

@@ -0,0 +1,425 @@
+"""End-to-end integration tests for v0.9.0's admin user-management page
+and new-beta-request notifications (roadmap item #7, §6.1 / §15).
+
+The release lands two halves of the same surface:
+
+  * **Admin notification on new beta request.** When a pending user
+    submits `POST /api/auth/me/beta-request`, every owner/admin
+    receives a `new_beta_request` notification (the §15 substrate
+    insert lands the row; the §15.4 email path dispatches subject to
+    the recipient's `email_admin_actionable` toggle).
+
+  * **Admin user-management surface** at `/admin/users`. The
+    `GET /api/admin/users` listing carries every user with their
+    permission_state, profile fields, sign-up reason, and decision
+    audit. The new `POST /api/admin/users/<id>/permission` endpoint
+    flips the column and writes a `permission_events` row.
+
+The tests prove:
+
+  * The first beta-request submission fans a `new_beta_request`
+    row out to every admin/owner (and not to the requester
+    themselves). The row carries the captured profile in
+    `payload.extras`.
+  * Re-submitting the form from the same pending user doesn't
+    re-fan (we only notify on the row's first complete state).
+  * `GET /api/admin/users` carries the v0.9.0 columns
+    (permission_state, first/last/reason, decided_by).
+  * `POST /api/admin/users/<id>/permission` flips the state,
+    stamps decided_by/at, and writes a `permission_events` row.
+  * The endpoint refuses self-flip (422) and refuses non-admin
+    callers (403).
+  * The endpoint accepts only the three valid states (422 on
+    anything else).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from test_propose_vertical import (  # noqa: F401 — fixtures land via import
+    FakeGitea,
+    app_with_fake_gitea,
+    provision_user_row,
+    sign_in_as,
+    tmp_env,
+)
+
+
+def _reset_outbound():
+    from app import email as email_mod
+    email_mod.reset_sent_envelopes()
+
+
+def _outbound_otc_codes(to_address: str | None = None) -> list[str]:
+    from app import email as email_mod
+    out = []
+    for env in email_mod.sent_envelopes():
+        if env.get("kind") != "otc":
+            continue
+        if to_address is not None and env["to"] != to_address:
+            continue
+        for line in env["body"].splitlines():
+            tok = line.strip()
+            if tok.isdigit() and len(tok) == 6:
+                out.append(tok)
+                break
+    return out
+
+
+def _provision_pending_user(client, email: str) -> int:
+    """Sign in a fresh OTC user (lands `pending`) and return their user_id."""
+    from app import db
+    _reset_outbound()
+    client.post("/auth/otc/request", json={"email": email})
+    code = _outbound_otc_codes(email)[-1]
+    client.post("/auth/otc/verify", json={"email": email, "code": code})
+    row = db.conn().execute(
+        "SELECT id FROM users WHERE email = ? COLLATE NOCASE", (email,)
+    ).fetchone()
+    return row["id"]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Admin notification on beta-request submission
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_beta_request_submission_notifies_every_admin(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """First-time submission of a beta-request fans a notification out
+    to every owner and admin. The requester themselves never receives
+    a row (filtered out by user_id even if they happened to be in the
+    admin set, which they aren't in practice — fresh OTC users are
+    `contributor`+`pending`)."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        # Provision two admins and one owner so the fan-out has multiple
+        # targets. The OWNER_GITEA_LOGIN-derived ownership doesn't fire
+        # here (no OAuth round-trip in this path); we seed the role
+        # directly.
+        provision_user_row(user_id=10, login="ownerzero", role="owner")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=11, login="admin_one", role="admin")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=12, login="admin_two", role="admin")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=13, login="contrib_one", role="contributor")
+
+        # Sign in a fresh OTC user → permission_state='pending'.
+        requester_id = _provision_pending_user(client, "newbie@example.com")
+
+        # Capture-form submit.
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/auth/me/beta-request",
+            json={
+                "first_name": "Newt",
+                "last_name": "Newcomer",
+                "beta_request_reason": "I want to write the Human RFC.",
+            },
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+        # Every owner + admin gets a `new_beta_request` notification.
+        # The contributor (id=13) does not. The requester (whoever id
+        # they got) does not.
+        rows = db.conn().execute(
+            """
+            SELECT recipient_user_id, event_kind, actor_user_id, payload
+              FROM notifications
+             WHERE event_kind = 'new_beta_request'
+            """
+        ).fetchall()
+        recipients = sorted(r["recipient_user_id"] for r in rows)
+        assert recipients == [10, 11, 12], f"unexpected recipients: {recipients}"
+        # Actor is the requester (§15.9: never the bot).
+        for r in rows:
+            assert r["actor_user_id"] == requester_id
+            import json as _json
+            extras = _json.loads(r["payload"])
+            assert extras["requester_first_name"] == "Newt"
+            assert extras["requester_last_name"] == "Newcomer"
+            assert extras["requester_email"] == "newbie@example.com"
+
+
+def test_beta_request_resubmit_does_not_re_notify(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """Once a user has completed the capture form, re-submitting it
+    (the endpoint is idempotent for pending users) must not re-fan a
+    fresh notification to every admin — that would carpet-bomb the
+    inbox on every typo correction."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        provision_user_row(user_id=20, login="adminzero", role="admin")
+        _provision_pending_user(client, "carpet@example.com")
+
+        body = {
+            "first_name": "Carpet",
+            "last_name": "Bomb",
+            "beta_request_reason": "first draft",
+        }
+        r1 = client.post("/api/auth/me/beta-request", json=body)
+        assert r1.status_code == 200
+
+        # Re-submit with edited reason — endpoint accepts (idempotent
+        # update), but the admin inbox stays at one row.
+        body2 = dict(body, beta_request_reason="cleaner final draft")
+        r2 = client.post("/api/auth/me/beta-request", json=body2)
+        assert r2.status_code == 200
+
+        rows = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT COUNT(*) AS n FROM notifications WHERE event_kind = 'new_beta_request'"
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert rows["n"] == 1
+
+
+def test_beta_request_notification_is_admin_actionable_category(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """The §15.4 category mapping must route `new_beta_request` to the
+    admin-actionable bucket so the email gate consults
+    `email_admin_actionable` (and skips for non-admin recipients).
+    """
+    from app import email as email_mod
+
+    assert email_mod.category_for("new_beta_request", "structural") == "admin-actionable"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# /api/admin/users — listing carries the v0.9.0 columns
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_admin_users_listing_carries_permission_columns(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """The Users tab consumes this shape — confirm every required
+    column is on the response."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        # Seed an admin and a pending user with all the v0.8.0 columns
+        # populated. Direct-DB insert avoids the OTC dance (which would
+        # overwrite the cookie); the test above proves the capture
+        # pathway end-to-end and this one just exercises the listing
+        # surface's shape.
+        provision_user_row(user_id=30, login="ben", role="owner")
+        db.conn().execute(
+            """
+            INSERT INTO users (id, gitea_id, gitea_login, email,
+                               display_name, avatar_url, role,
+                               permission_state, first_name, last_name,
+                               beta_request_reason)
+            VALUES (31, NULL, NULL, 'pendinguser@example.com',
+                    'pendinguser', '', 'contributor',
+                    'pending', 'Penn', 'Ding', 'I want in.')
+            """
+        )
+
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=30, gitea_login="ben",
+            display_name="Ben", role="owner",
+        )
+
+        r = client.get("/api/admin/users")
+        assert r.status_code == 200
+        items = r.json()["items"]
+        assert isinstance(items, list)
+        pending = next(
+            (i for i in items if i["email"] == "pendinguser@example.com"), None,
+        )
+        assert pending is not None
+        assert pending["permission_state"] == "pending"
+        assert pending["first_name"] == "Penn"
+        assert pending["last_name"] == "Ding"
+        assert pending["beta_request_reason"] == "I want in."
+        assert pending["permission_decided_at"] is None
+        assert pending["permission_decided_by_login"] is None
+        # Pending bucket is listed first (sort order).
+        assert items[0]["permission_state"] == "pending"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# /api/admin/users/<id>/permission — the flip endpoint
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_permission_flip_grant_promotes_pending_to_granted(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """The end-to-end gesture: a fresh OTC user lands pending, an admin
+    flips them to granted via the endpoint, the row reflects the new
+    state + decided_by/at, and a `permission_events` audit row lands."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        # Pending user.
+        pending_id = _provision_pending_user(client, "flip@example.com")
+
+        # Admin acting on them.
+        provision_user_row(user_id=40, login="adminflipper", role="admin")
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=40, gitea_login="adminflipper",
+            display_name="Admin Flipper", role="admin",
+        )
+
+        r = client.post(
+            f"/api/admin/users/{pending_id}/permission",
+            json={"state": "granted"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        body = r.json()
+        assert body["permission_state"] == "granted"
+        assert body["changed"] is True
+
+        # Row reflects the new state + decision stamp.
+        row = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT permission_state, permission_decided_by, permission_decided_at "
+            "FROM users WHERE id = ?",
+            (pending_id,),
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert row["permission_state"] == "granted"
+        assert row["permission_decided_by"] == 40
+        assert row["permission_decided_at"] is not None
+
+        # Audit row landed in permission_events.
+        events = db.conn().execute(
+            """
+            SELECT actor_user_id, subject_user_id, event_kind
+              FROM permission_events
+             WHERE event_kind = 'permission_granted'
+            """
+        ).fetchall()
+        assert len(events) == 1
+        assert events[0]["actor_user_id"] == 40
+        assert events[0]["subject_user_id"] == pending_id
+
+
+def test_permission_flip_revoke_promotes_granted_to_revoked(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """Revoke is the symmetric gesture. Used when an account earned a
+    grant then later lost it (§6.1 / `revoked` state)."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        provision_user_row(user_id=50, login="goner", role="contributor")
+        # Default permission_state is 'granted' via the column default.
+        provision_user_row(user_id=51, login="adminrevoker", role="admin")
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=51, gitea_login="adminrevoker",
+            display_name="Admin Revoker", role="admin",
+        )
+
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/admin/users/50/permission",
+            json={"state": "revoked"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+        row = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT permission_state FROM users WHERE id = 50"
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert row["permission_state"] == "revoked"
+
+        events = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT event_kind FROM permission_events "
+            "WHERE event_kind = 'permission_revoked' AND subject_user_id = 50"
+        ).fetchall()
+        assert len(events) == 1
+
+
+def test_permission_flip_refuses_self(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """Symmetric to set_mute / set_role: an admin can't self-flip.
+    The state-change channel for one's own grant is somebody else's
+    hand."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        provision_user_row(user_id=60, login="selfflipper", role="admin")
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=60, gitea_login="selfflipper",
+            display_name="Self Flipper", role="admin",
+        )
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/admin/users/60/permission",
+            json={"state": "revoked"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 422
+
+
+def test_permission_flip_refuses_non_admin(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """The endpoint is admin-only (§17 admin/* requires require_admin).
+    A contributor caller is refused 403; an anonymous caller 401."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        provision_user_row(user_id=70, login="target", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=71, login="contrib", role="contributor")
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=71, gitea_login="contrib",
+            display_name="Contrib", role="contributor",
+        )
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/admin/users/70/permission",
+            json={"state": "granted"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 403
+
+        client.cookies.clear()
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/admin/users/70/permission",
+            json={"state": "granted"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 401
+
+
+def test_permission_flip_refuses_invalid_state(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """Pydantic regex pattern refuses anything outside the three
+    canonical states with 422."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        provision_user_row(user_id=80, login="targetx", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=81, login="adminx", role="admin")
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=81, gitea_login="adminx",
+            display_name="Admin X", role="admin",
+        )
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/admin/users/80/permission",
+            json={"state": "banished"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 422
+
+
+def test_permission_flip_no_op_when_state_already_matches(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """An admin flipping a granted user to granted gets 200 with
+    `changed: false` — no audit row, no decided_at update."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        provision_user_row(user_id=90, login="alreadygranted", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=91, login="adminN", role="admin")
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=91, gitea_login="adminN",
+            display_name="Admin N", role="admin",
+        )
+
+        before_events = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT COUNT(*) AS n FROM permission_events"
+        ).fetchone()["n"]
+
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/admin/users/90/permission",
+            json={"state": "granted"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200
+        body = r.json()
+        assert body["changed"] is False
+
+        after_events = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT COUNT(*) AS n FROM permission_events"
+        ).fetchone()["n"]
+        assert after_events == before_events

backend/tests/test_device_trust_vertical.py

@@ -0,0 +1,494 @@
+"""End-to-end integration tests for the v0.11.0 trust-device vertical
+(§6.2, roadmap item #9).
+
+After a successful OTC or passcode sign-in with `trust_device=true`
+on the body, the server mints a fresh `device_trust` row and sets the
+`rfc_device_trust` cookie. On a subsequent visit, the cookie carries
+a session re-established by `POST /auth/device-trust/start`. The
+tests below prove:
+
+  * `trust_device=false` (default, including omitted) on OTC verify
+    does NOT set the device-trust cookie and does NOT insert a row.
+  * `trust_device=true` on OTC verify DOES set the cookie (HttpOnly +
+    Secure + SameSite=Lax + 30-day Max-Age) and DOES insert a row.
+    The row's hash is NOT the raw token; only the hash lives in the
+    database.
+  * Same shape for passcode verify.
+  * On a returning visit with the cookie, `POST /auth/device-trust/start`
+    re-establishes the session — `GET /api/auth/me` reads the right
+    user without an OTC roundtrip.
+  * `last_seen_at` refreshes on a successful lookup.
+  * `POST /auth/device-trust/start` with no cookie returns 401.
+  * `POST /auth/device-trust/start` with a forged / unknown cookie
+    returns 401 + clears the cookie.
+  * A revoked row refuses the cookie (401) and clears it.
+  * An expired row refuses the cookie (401) and clears it.
+  * `GET /api/auth/me/devices` lists the user's active rows.
+  * `DELETE /api/auth/me/devices/{id}` revokes a single row.
+  * `DELETE /api/auth/me/devices/{id}` for another user's row reads 404.
+  * `DELETE /api/auth/me/devices` revokes every active row.
+  * Constant-time path: bcrypt.checkpw guards lookup; the raw token
+    is never written to logs or to the DB.
+
+The fakes from `test_propose_vertical` give us a working app harness.
+The OTC envelope buffer from `test_otc_vertical` is reused for the
+OTC roundtrips this suite needs.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+
+from test_propose_vertical import (  # noqa: F401
+    FakeGitea,
+    app_with_fake_gitea,
+    provision_user_row,
+    tmp_env,
+)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers — mirror the OTC suite's outbound-buffer helpers.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+COOKIE_NAME = "rfc_device_trust"
+
+# The device-trust cookie is set with Secure=True, which httpx (the
+# TestClient's underlying transport) will only return on an https
+# scheme. We use a `base_url="https://testserver"` so the cookie
+# roundtrips faithfully — that mirrors how production deployments
+# serve the framework (per the v0.11.0 upgrade-step requiring HTTPS).
+HTTPS_BASE = "https://testserver"
+
+
+def _reset_outbound():
+    from app import email as email_mod
+    email_mod.reset_sent_envelopes()
+
+
+def _outbound_otc_codes(to_address: str | None = None) -> list[str]:
+    from app import email as email_mod
+    out = []
+    for env in email_mod.sent_envelopes():
+        if env.get("kind") != "otc":
+            continue
+        if to_address is not None and env["to"] != to_address:
+            continue
+        for line in env["body"].splitlines():
+            tok = line.strip()
+            if tok.isdigit() and len(tok) == 6:
+                out.append(tok)
+                break
+    return out
+
+
+def _sign_in_via_otc(client, email: str, *, trust_device: bool = False) -> None:
+    r = client.post("/auth/otc/request", json={"email": email})
+    assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+    code = _outbound_otc_codes(email)[-1]
+    body = {"email": email, "code": code, "trust_device": trust_device}
+    r = client.post("/auth/otc/verify", json=body)
+    assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+
+def _device_rows_for_email(email: str) -> list[dict]:
+    from app import db
+    rows = db.conn().execute(
+        """
+        SELECT dt.*
+          FROM device_trust dt
+          JOIN users u ON u.id = dt.user_id
+         WHERE u.email = ? COLLATE NOCASE
+         ORDER BY dt.id
+        """,
+        (email,),
+    ).fetchall()
+    return [dict(r) for r in rows]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# trust_device flag controls cookie issuance
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_otc_verify_without_trust_device_does_not_issue_cookie(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        _sign_in_via_otc(client, "alice@example.com", trust_device=False)
+        # No cookie set on the response.
+        assert COOKIE_NAME not in {c.name for c in client.cookies.jar}
+        # No row inserted.
+        assert _device_rows_for_email("alice@example.com") == []
+
+
+def test_otc_verify_with_trust_device_issues_cookie_and_row(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        r = client.post("/auth/otc/request", json={"email": "alice@example.com"})
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        code = _outbound_otc_codes("alice@example.com")[-1]
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/otc/verify",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com", "code": code, "trust_device": True},
+            headers={"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (TestBrowser)"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+        # Cookie present on the response.
+        set_cookie = r.headers.get("set-cookie", "")
+        assert COOKIE_NAME in set_cookie
+        # Cookie attribute set asserts the spec'd shape. Starlette emits
+        # the attribute names case-insensitively (`samesite=lax`,
+        # `httponly`); we normalize when asserting.
+        lower = set_cookie.lower()
+        assert "httponly" in lower
+        assert "secure" in lower
+        assert "samesite=lax" in lower
+        assert "max-age=" in lower
+
+        # Row inserted; hash is not the raw token.
+        rows = _device_rows_for_email("alice@example.com")
+        assert len(rows) == 1
+        row = rows[0]
+        assert row["revoked_at"] is None
+        assert row["user_agent"] == "Mozilla/5.0 (TestBrowser)"
+        cookie_token = client.cookies.get(COOKIE_NAME)
+        assert cookie_token
+        assert cookie_token != row["device_token_hash"]
+        # bcrypt hash shape (starts with $2)
+        assert row["device_token_hash"].startswith("$2")
+
+
+def test_passcode_verify_with_trust_device_issues_cookie(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        _sign_in_via_otc(client, "alice@example.com")
+
+        # Set a passcode.
+        r = client.post("/auth/passcode/set", json={"passcode": "secret123"})
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+        # Sign out so the passcode verify path is the active sign-in.
+        client.cookies.clear()
+
+        # Passcode verify with trust_device=true issues a row.
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/passcode/verify",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com", "passcode": "secret123", "trust_device": True},
+            headers={"User-Agent": "Test/Phone"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        set_cookie = r.headers.get("set-cookie", "")
+        assert COOKIE_NAME in set_cookie
+
+        rows = _device_rows_for_email("alice@example.com")
+        assert len(rows) == 1
+        assert rows[0]["user_agent"] == "Test/Phone"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# /auth/device-trust/start
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_device_trust_start_with_no_cookie_returns_401(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        r = client.post("/auth/device-trust/start")
+        assert r.status_code == 401
+
+
+def test_device_trust_start_with_valid_cookie_establishes_session(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        # Trust the device.
+        r = client.post("/auth/otc/request", json={"email": "alice@example.com"})
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        code = _outbound_otc_codes("alice@example.com")[-1]
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/otc/verify",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com", "code": code, "trust_device": True},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        trust_cookie = client.cookies.get(COOKIE_NAME)
+        assert trust_cookie
+
+        # Clear the session cookie so only the device-trust cookie is in
+        # play. We keep `rfc_device_trust` and drop `rfc_session`.
+        for cookie in list(client.cookies.jar):
+            if cookie.name != COOKIE_NAME:
+                client.cookies.jar.clear(cookie.domain, cookie.path, cookie.name)
+
+        # The session cookie is gone — /api/auth/me reads anonymous.
+        me = client.get("/api/auth/me").json()
+        assert me["authenticated"] is False
+
+        # Hit the trust-start endpoint; the cookie re-establishes the session.
+        r = client.post("/auth/device-trust/start")
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        assert r.json()["user"]["email"] == "alice@example.com"
+
+        # /api/auth/me now reads authenticated.
+        me = client.get("/api/auth/me").json()
+        assert me["authenticated"] is True
+        assert me["user"]["email"] == "alice@example.com"
+
+
+def test_device_trust_start_refreshes_last_seen_at(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        r = client.post("/auth/otc/request", json={"email": "alice@example.com"})
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        code = _outbound_otc_codes("alice@example.com")[-1]
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/otc/verify",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com", "code": code, "trust_device": True},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+        # Force the existing row's last_seen_at into the past so we can
+        # assert the refresh moved it forward.
+        db.conn().execute(
+            """
+            UPDATE device_trust
+               SET last_seen_at = datetime('now', '-7 days')
+            """
+        )
+
+        # Hit the start endpoint.
+        r = client.post("/auth/device-trust/start")
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+        # last_seen_at is now recent (within the last minute).
+        row = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT last_seen_at, datetime('now') >= datetime(last_seen_at, '-1 minute') AS fresh FROM device_trust LIMIT 1"
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert row["fresh"] == 1
+
+
+def test_device_trust_start_with_revoked_row_refuses_and_clears(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        r = client.post("/auth/otc/request", json={"email": "alice@example.com"})
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        code = _outbound_otc_codes("alice@example.com")[-1]
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/otc/verify",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com", "code": code, "trust_device": True},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+        # Revoke the row out-of-band.
+        db.conn().execute(
+            "UPDATE device_trust SET revoked_at = datetime('now')"
+        )
+
+        # Now the start endpoint refuses + clears the cookie.
+        r = client.post("/auth/device-trust/start")
+        assert r.status_code == 401
+        # The cookie is cleared via a Set-Cookie header with Max-Age=0
+        # (Starlette's `delete_cookie` shape).
+        set_cookie = r.headers.get("set-cookie", "")
+        assert COOKIE_NAME in set_cookie
+        assert "Max-Age=0" in set_cookie or 'expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970' in set_cookie.lower().replace("expires=thu", "expires=Thu")
+
+
+def test_device_trust_start_with_expired_row_refuses_and_clears(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        r = client.post("/auth/otc/request", json={"email": "alice@example.com"})
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        code = _outbound_otc_codes("alice@example.com")[-1]
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/otc/verify",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com", "code": code, "trust_device": True},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+        # Backdate the expiry into the past.
+        db.conn().execute(
+            "UPDATE device_trust SET expires_at = datetime('now', '-1 day')"
+        )
+
+        r = client.post("/auth/device-trust/start")
+        assert r.status_code == 401
+        set_cookie = r.headers.get("set-cookie", "")
+        assert COOKIE_NAME in set_cookie
+
+
+def test_device_trust_start_with_forged_cookie_refuses_and_clears(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        # No real row; just paste a cookie value.
+        client.cookies.set(COOKIE_NAME, "definitely-not-a-real-token-value-xxx")
+        r = client.post("/auth/device-trust/start")
+        assert r.status_code == 401
+        set_cookie = r.headers.get("set-cookie", "")
+        assert COOKIE_NAME in set_cookie
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# /api/auth/me/devices — list + revoke
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_list_devices_requires_session(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        r = client.get("/api/auth/me/devices")
+        assert r.status_code == 401
+
+
+def test_list_devices_returns_active_rows_only(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        _sign_in_via_otc(client, "alice@example.com", trust_device=True)
+
+        # Add a second trusted device by re-running the verify flow.
+        # OTC has a per-email cooldown, so drop the cooldown rather
+        # than waiting it out.
+        db.conn().execute("UPDATE otc_codes SET consumed_at = datetime('now', '-1 hour'), created_at = datetime('now', '-1 hour')")
+        r = client.post("/auth/otc/request", json={"email": "alice@example.com"})
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        code = _outbound_otc_codes("alice@example.com")[-1]
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/otc/verify",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com", "code": code, "trust_device": True},
+            headers={"User-Agent": "Test/Tablet"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+        # Revoke one row directly.
+        db.conn().execute(
+            "UPDATE device_trust SET revoked_at = datetime('now') WHERE id = 1"
+        )
+
+        # /api/auth/me/devices returns only the un-revoked one.
+        r = client.get("/api/auth/me/devices")
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        items = r.json()["items"]
+        assert len(items) == 1
+        assert items[0]["user_agent"] == "Test/Tablet"
+
+
+def test_revoke_single_device_kills_the_row(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        _sign_in_via_otc(client, "alice@example.com", trust_device=True)
+
+        r = client.get("/api/auth/me/devices")
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        items = r.json()["items"]
+        assert len(items) == 1
+        device_id = items[0]["id"]
+
+        # Revoke it.
+        r = client.delete(f"/api/auth/me/devices/{device_id}")
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+        # List is empty.
+        r = client.get("/api/auth/me/devices")
+        assert r.json()["items"] == []
+
+        # The row in the table has revoked_at populated.
+        row = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT revoked_at FROM device_trust WHERE id = ?", (device_id,)
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert row["revoked_at"] is not None
+
+
+def test_revoke_other_users_device_reads_404(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        # Alice trusts a device.
+        _sign_in_via_otc(client, "alice@example.com", trust_device=True)
+        alice_device_id = client.get("/api/auth/me/devices").json()["items"][0]["id"]
+
+        # Bob signs in (without a trusted device of his own).
+        client.cookies.clear()
+        db.conn().execute("UPDATE otc_codes SET consumed_at = datetime('now', '-1 hour'), created_at = datetime('now', '-1 hour')")
+        _sign_in_via_otc(client, "bob@example.com", trust_device=False)
+
+        # Bob tries to revoke Alice's row by id.
+        r = client.delete(f"/api/auth/me/devices/{alice_device_id}")
+        assert r.status_code == 404
+
+        # Alice's row is still active.
+        row = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT revoked_at FROM device_trust WHERE id = ?", (alice_device_id,)
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert row["revoked_at"] is None
+
+
+def test_revoke_all_devices_kills_every_active_row(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app, base_url=HTTPS_BASE) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        _sign_in_via_otc(client, "alice@example.com", trust_device=True)
+
+        # Add a second device.
+        db.conn().execute("UPDATE otc_codes SET consumed_at = datetime('now', '-1 hour'), created_at = datetime('now', '-1 hour')")
+        r = client.post("/auth/otc/request", json={"email": "alice@example.com"})
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        code = _outbound_otc_codes("alice@example.com")[-1]
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/otc/verify",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com", "code": code, "trust_device": True},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+        # Two active rows.
+        assert len(client.get("/api/auth/me/devices").json()["items"]) == 2
+
+        # Revoke all.
+        r = client.delete("/api/auth/me/devices")
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        assert r.json()["revoked"] == 2
+
+        # List is empty.
+        assert client.get("/api/auth/me/devices").json()["items"] == []

backend/tests/test_e2e_smoke.py

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import pytest
 from test_propose_vertical import (  # noqa: F401
     FakeGitea,
     app_with_fake_gitea,
+    grant_rfc_collaborator,
     provision_user_row,
     sign_in_as,
     tmp_env,
@@ -131,6 +132,11 @@ def test_full_user_lifecycle_propose_through_hygiene(app_with_fake_gitea):
         assert d["repo"] == "wiggleverse/rfc-0001-ohm"
 
         # --- 8. Alice opens a PR on the now-active RFC's per-RFC repo. ---
+        # v0.16.0 (item #12): ben is the RFC owner now; alice needs a
+        # per-RFC contributor invitation to cut a branch. In the
+        # production flow, ben would invite her via /invitations and
+        # she'd accept; we shortcut to the same end-state.
+        grant_rfc_collaborator(user_id=2, rfc_slug="ohm", role_in_rfc="contributor")
         sign_in_as(client, user_id=2, gitea_login="alice",
                    display_name="Alice", role="contributor", email="alice@test")
         r = client.post("/api/rfcs/ohm/branches/main/promote-to-branch", json={})

backend/tests/test_graduation_vertical.py

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import pytest
 from test_propose_vertical import (  # noqa: F401
     FakeGitea,
     app_with_fake_gitea,
+    grant_rfc_collaborator,
     provision_user_row,
     sign_in_as,
     tmp_env,
@@ -248,6 +249,9 @@ def test_graduate_refuses_when_body_edit_pr_open(app_with_fake_gitea):
         provision_user_row(user_id=2, login="alice", role="contributor")
         seed_owned_super_draft(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM",
                                pitch=PITCH, owners=["ben"])
+        # v0.16.0 (item #12): ben is the RFC owner; alice needs a per-RFC
+        # contributor invitation to cut an edit branch on the super-draft.
+        grant_rfc_collaborator(user_id=2, rfc_slug="ohm", role_in_rfc="contributor")
         sign_in_as(client, user_id=2, gitea_login="alice",
                    display_name="Alice", role="contributor")
 
@@ -497,6 +501,8 @@ def test_pre_graduation_history_surfaces_edit_branch_threads(app_with_fake_gitea
         provision_user_row(user_id=2, login="alice", role="contributor")
         seed_owned_super_draft(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM",
                                pitch=PITCH, owners=["ben"])
+        # v0.16.0 (item #12): alice needs per-RFC contributor access.
+        grant_rfc_collaborator(user_id=2, rfc_slug="ohm", role_in_rfc="contributor")
 
         # Alice cuts an edit branch and starts chatting on it.
         sign_in_as(client, user_id=2, gitea_login="alice",

backend/tests/test_pr_flow_vertical.py

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import pytest
 from test_propose_vertical import (  # noqa: F401
     FakeGitea,
     app_with_fake_gitea,
+    grant_rfc_collaborator,
     provision_user_row,
     sign_in_as,
     tmp_env,
@@ -140,6 +141,9 @@ def test_get_pr_returns_three_column_payload(app_with_fake_gitea):
         provision_user_row(user_id=3, login="bob", role="contributor")
         seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
         # Bob is the non-arbiter contributor — alice is seeded as an RFC owner.
+        # v0.16.0 (item #12): bob needs an accepted per-RFC contributor
+        # invitation to cut branches and open PRs on alice's RFC.
+        grant_rfc_collaborator(user_id=3, rfc_slug="ohm", role_in_rfc="contributor")
         sign_in_as(client, user_id=3, gitea_login="bob", display_name="Bob", role="contributor")
         branch, _ = _cut_branch_and_accept_change(
             client, fake, slug="ohm",
@@ -292,6 +296,9 @@ def test_merge_by_arbiter_advances_main_and_marks_pr_merged(app_with_fake_gitea)
         provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="ben", role="owner")
         seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
         # Bob is neither owner nor arbiter — the non-merge baseline.
+        # v0.16.0 (item #12): bob still needs an accepted contributor
+        # invitation to cut the branch + open the PR.
+        grant_rfc_collaborator(user_id=3, rfc_slug="ohm", role_in_rfc="contributor")
         sign_in_as(client, user_id=3, gitea_login="bob", display_name="Bob", role="contributor")
         branch, _ = _cut_branch_and_accept_change(
             client, fake, slug="ohm",
@@ -364,6 +371,10 @@ def test_resolution_branch_replays_clean_and_supersedes_on_merge(app_with_fake_g
         provision_user_row(user_id=3, login="bob", role="contributor")
         provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="ben", role="owner")
         seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+        # v0.16.0 (item #12): bob (a non-owner contributor) needs an
+        # accepted per-RFC invitation to cut a branch on alice's RFC.
+        # Alice is the seeded RFC owner so she doesn't need one.
+        grant_rfc_collaborator(user_id=3, rfc_slug="ohm", role_in_rfc="contributor")
 
         # Alice cuts a branch and accepts a change on it.
         sign_in_as(client, user_id=2, gitea_login="alice", display_name="Alice", role="contributor")

backend/tests/test_propose_vertical.py

@@ -395,6 +395,28 @@ def provision_user_row(*, user_id: int, login: str, role: str) -> None:
     )
 
 
+def grant_rfc_collaborator(*, user_id: int, rfc_slug: str, role_in_rfc: str = "contributor") -> None:
+    """v0.16.0 / item #12 test seam: directly insert an accepted-
+    invitation collaborator row so a non-owner contributor can pass
+    the per-RFC write gate without going through the email round-trip.
+
+    Equivalent in effect to the invitation→accept dance the production
+    code drives; lets v0.5.0/v0.6.0/v0.8.0 era tests preserve their
+    "alice owns OHM, bob contributes" shape without rewriting the
+    setup. The invitation_id is left NULL — collaborators minted via
+    a direct admin gesture (a §19.2 candidate) carry the same shape.
+    """
+    from app import db
+    db.conn().execute(
+        """
+        INSERT OR REPLACE INTO rfc_collaborators
+            (rfc_slug, user_id, role_in_rfc, invitation_id)
+        VALUES (?, ?, ?, NULL)
+        """,
+        (rfc_slug, user_id, role_in_rfc),
+    )
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Fixtures
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

backend/tests/test_rfc_invitations_vertical.py

@@ -0,0 +1,658 @@
+"""End-to-end integration tests for v0.16.0's owner-only invite for
+per-RFC PR or PR-less discussion (roadmap item #12, §6 / §10).
+
+The release lands a per-RFC membership layer:
+
+  * `rfc_invitations` — issued by the RFC's owner, addressed to an
+    email, granting one of two roles ('contributor' or 'discussant').
+  * `rfc_collaborators` — the accepted-invitation substrate; the
+    table the per-RFC write gate consults.
+
+The tests prove:
+
+  * Only the RFC's owner (or a platform admin/owner) can invite —
+    a platform-granted but non-owner user gets 403.
+  * Creating an invitation lands a row, mints a token, and queues
+    an envelope on the SMTP buffer.
+  * Re-inviting the same (email, role) on the same RFC returns 409.
+  * The accept endpoint requires the accepting user's email to match
+    the invitee_email (case-insensitive).
+  * Acceptance lands a rfc_collaborators row and flips the
+    invitation to 'accepted'.
+  * Re-accepting the same invitation is idempotent (200, changed=false).
+  * An expired invitation refuses 409 even if the row's column status
+    is still 'pending'.
+  * A revoked invitation refuses 409.
+  * The owner's listing carries pending + accepted in one response.
+  * The per-RFC discussion-write gate refuses a non-invited
+    platform-granted user 403 (was previously 200 before v0.16.0).
+  * The same gate admits a user who holds an accepted 'discussant'
+    invitation.
+  * The same gate admits a user who holds an accepted 'contributor'
+    invitation (contributor strictly includes discussion).
+  * The platform admin/owner is admitted regardless of per-RFC
+    membership (the platform-level capability path).
+  * The /api/admin/users listing carries `rfc_invitations` per-user
+    after an acceptance — the §17 admin surface hook.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+# Reuse fixtures and helpers from the propose / RFC-view harnesses.
+from test_propose_vertical import (  # noqa: F401 — fixtures land via import
+    FakeGitea,
+    app_with_fake_gitea,
+    provision_user_row,
+    sign_in_as,
+    tmp_env,
+)
+from test_rfc_view_vertical import seed_active_rfc, SEED_BODY
+
+
+def _reset_outbound():
+    from app import email as email_mod
+    email_mod.reset_sent_envelopes()
+
+
+def _invitation_envelopes(to_address: str | None = None) -> list[dict]:
+    """Pluck v0.16.0 invitation envelopes out of the shared _SENT buffer.
+    Same access pattern as the OTC tests use for `kind='otc'`."""
+    from app import email as email_mod
+    out = []
+    for env in email_mod.sent_envelopes():
+        if env.get("kind") != "rfc_invitation":
+            continue
+        if to_address is not None and env["to"] != to_address:
+            continue
+        out.append(env)
+    return out
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Create / list / revoke (owner-side)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_owner_can_invite_creates_row_and_sends_email(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """The end-to-end create gesture: RFC owner posts an invitation,
+    a row lands, the token comes back in the response, and an
+    `rfc_invitation`-kind envelope hits the SMTP buffer."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        # The frontmatter owner of the seeded RFC is "alice" (per
+        # seed_active_rfc's default), so we sign in as that user.
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+            display_name="Alice", role="contributor",
+        )
+
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "newperson@example.com", "role_in_rfc": "contributor"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        body = r.json()
+        assert body["rfc_slug"] == "ohm"
+        assert body["invitee_email"] == "newperson@example.com"
+        assert body["role_in_rfc"] == "contributor"
+        assert body["status"] == "pending"
+        assert body["token"] and len(body["token"]) > 16
+
+        # Row landed.
+        row = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT * FROM rfc_invitations WHERE id = ?", (body["id"],),
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert row["rfc_slug"] == "ohm"
+        assert row["invitee_email"] == "newperson@example.com"
+        assert row["inviter_user_id"] == 1
+        assert row["status"] == "pending"
+
+        # Email envelope went out.
+        envs = _invitation_envelopes("newperson@example.com")
+        assert len(envs) == 1
+        assert "OHM" in envs[0]["subject"]
+        assert body["token"] in envs[0]["body"]
+
+
+def test_non_owner_cannot_invite(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """A platform-granted user who isn't in the RFC's frontmatter
+    owners list cannot invite — 403. Distinct from the
+    require_contributor gate (which would be 401 for anonymous)."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        # alice is the RFC owner per the seed; bob is a regular
+        # platform-granted contributor with no per-RFC role.
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=2, login="bob", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=2, gitea_login="bob",
+            display_name="Bob", role="contributor",
+        )
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "ignored@example.com", "role_in_rfc": "discussant"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 403
+
+
+def test_platform_admin_can_invite_to_any_rfc(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """Per §6.1 the platform admin/owner role carries the maximal
+    per-RFC capability, so admins can invite on any RFC even if
+    they're not in its owners list."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=99, login="adminzero", role="admin")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=99, gitea_login="adminzero",
+            display_name="Admin Zero", role="admin",
+        )
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "another@example.com", "role_in_rfc": "discussant"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+
+def test_anonymous_cannot_invite(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "x@example.com", "role_in_rfc": "discussant"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 401
+
+
+def test_re_invite_same_email_and_role_returns_409(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """Refuse a duplicate pending invitation for the same (email, role)
+    on the same RFC. A different role on the same email is allowed
+    (the owner may want to upgrade discussant → contributor)."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+            display_name="Alice", role="contributor",
+        )
+
+        r1 = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "dup@example.com", "role_in_rfc": "discussant"},
+        )
+        assert r1.status_code == 200
+        r2 = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "dup@example.com", "role_in_rfc": "discussant"},
+        )
+        assert r2.status_code == 409
+
+        # Same email, different role is allowed.
+        r3 = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "dup@example.com", "role_in_rfc": "contributor"},
+        )
+        assert r3.status_code == 200
+
+
+def test_owner_can_list_invitations(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+            display_name="Alice", role="contributor",
+        )
+
+        client.post("/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+                    json={"invitee_email": "a@example.com", "role_in_rfc": "discussant"})
+        client.post("/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+                    json={"invitee_email": "b@example.com", "role_in_rfc": "contributor"})
+
+        r = client.get("/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations")
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        items = r.json()["items"]
+        emails = sorted(i["invitee_email"] for i in items)
+        assert emails == ["a@example.com", "b@example.com"]
+        assert all(i["status"] == "pending" for i in items)
+        # The inviter is named.
+        assert all(i["inviter_login"] == "alice" for i in items)
+
+
+def test_revoke_pending_invitation_works_already_accepted_refuses(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """Revoke flips a pending invitation to 'revoked'. An already-
+    accepted invitation refuses 409 — accepted membership is removed
+    via a different (future) surface; the v0.16.0 revoke only lifts
+    the pending link."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+            display_name="Alice", role="contributor",
+        )
+
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "revokee@example.com", "role_in_rfc": "discussant"},
+        )
+        invitation_id = r.json()["id"]
+
+        r = client.post(f"/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations/{invitation_id}/revoke")
+        assert r.status_code == 200
+        assert r.json()["status"] == "revoked"
+
+        # Re-revoke refuses 409.
+        r2 = client.post(f"/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations/{invitation_id}/revoke")
+        assert r2.status_code == 409
+
+        row = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT status FROM rfc_invitations WHERE id = ?", (invitation_id,),
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert row["status"] == "revoked"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Accept (invitee-side)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_accept_invitation_lands_collaborator_row(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """The end-to-end accept gesture: the invitee signs in, posts the
+    token, and an rfc_collaborators row lands at the issued role."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        # provision_user_row sets the email to "<login>@test", so the
+        # invitee row we'll create needs the same email shape.
+        provision_user_row(user_id=2, login="newbie", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+
+        # alice (owner) invites newbie@test.
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+            display_name="Alice", role="contributor",
+        )
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "newbie@test", "role_in_rfc": "contributor"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        token = r.json()["token"]
+
+        # Switch to newbie, accept.
+        sign_in_as(
+            client, user_id=2, gitea_login="newbie",
+            display_name="Newbie", role="contributor",
+            email="newbie@test",
+        )
+        r = client.post("/api/invitations/accept", json={"token": token})
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        body = r.json()
+        assert body["ok"] is True
+        assert body["changed"] is True
+        assert body["rfc_slug"] == "ohm"
+        assert body["role_in_rfc"] == "contributor"
+
+        # Collaborator row landed; invitation flipped.
+        collab = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT role_in_rfc FROM rfc_collaborators WHERE rfc_slug = 'ohm' AND user_id = 2",
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert collab is not None
+        assert collab["role_in_rfc"] == "contributor"
+
+        inv = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT status, accepted_by_user_id FROM rfc_invitations WHERE token = ?",
+            (token,),
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert inv["status"] == "accepted"
+        assert inv["accepted_by_user_id"] == 2
+
+
+def test_accept_refuses_when_email_does_not_match(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """The accepting user's email must match the invitation's
+    invitee_email (case-insensitive)."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=2, login="mallory", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+                   display_name="Alice", role="contributor")
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "intended@example.com", "role_in_rfc": "discussant"},
+        )
+        token = r.json()["token"]
+
+        # mallory's email is "mallory@test", not "intended@example.com".
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=2, gitea_login="mallory",
+                   display_name="Mallory", role="contributor",
+                   email="mallory@test")
+        r = client.post("/api/invitations/accept", json={"token": token})
+        assert r.status_code == 403
+
+
+def test_accept_refuses_revoked_invitation(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=2, login="newbie", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+                   display_name="Alice", role="contributor")
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "newbie@test", "role_in_rfc": "discussant"},
+        )
+        invitation_id = r.json()["id"]
+        token = r.json()["token"]
+
+        client.post(f"/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations/{invitation_id}/revoke")
+
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=2, gitea_login="newbie",
+                   display_name="Newbie", role="contributor",
+                   email="newbie@test")
+        r = client.post("/api/invitations/accept", json={"token": token})
+        assert r.status_code == 409
+
+
+def test_accept_refuses_expired_invitation(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """An invitation past its `expires_at` is refused 409 even if
+    the row's column status is still 'pending'. We backdate the
+    expires_at directly to model the elapsed-window state."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=2, login="newbie", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+                   display_name="Alice", role="contributor")
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "newbie@test", "role_in_rfc": "discussant"},
+        )
+        token = r.json()["token"]
+        invitation_id = r.json()["id"]
+
+        # Backdate.
+        db.conn().execute(
+            "UPDATE rfc_invitations SET expires_at = datetime('now', '-1 day') WHERE id = ?",
+            (invitation_id,),
+        )
+
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=2, gitea_login="newbie",
+                   display_name="Newbie", role="contributor",
+                   email="newbie@test")
+        r = client.post("/api/invitations/accept", json={"token": token})
+        assert r.status_code == 409
+
+
+def test_accept_is_idempotent_on_re_accept(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """Re-accepting the same already-accepted invitation reads as a
+    200 no-op with `changed=false`. The collaborator row is unchanged."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from app import db
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=2, login="newbie", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+                   display_name="Alice", role="contributor")
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "newbie@test", "role_in_rfc": "discussant"},
+        )
+        token = r.json()["token"]
+
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=2, gitea_login="newbie",
+                   display_name="Newbie", role="contributor",
+                   email="newbie@test")
+        r1 = client.post("/api/invitations/accept", json={"token": token})
+        assert r1.status_code == 200
+        assert r1.json()["changed"] is True
+
+        r2 = client.post("/api/invitations/accept", json={"token": token})
+        assert r2.status_code == 200
+        assert r2.json()["changed"] is False
+
+        # Still exactly one collaborator row.
+        rows = db.conn().execute(
+            "SELECT COUNT(*) AS n FROM rfc_collaborators WHERE rfc_slug = 'ohm' AND user_id = 2"
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert rows["n"] == 1
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Discussion-write gate enforcement
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_non_invited_user_cannot_post_to_discussion(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """v0.16.0 narrows the discussion-write gate: a platform-granted
+    user with no per-RFC role gets 403 when posting to the
+    discussion. (v0.6.0 left the gate at require_contributor only;
+    item #12 layers can_discuss_rfc on top.)"""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=2, login="bob", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+
+        # bob is platform-granted but not in OHM's owners list and has
+        # no invitation. The thread-create surface refuses 403.
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=2, gitea_login="bob",
+                   display_name="Bob", role="contributor")
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/discussion/threads",
+            json={"label": "Question", "message": "Should I be allowed?"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 403
+
+
+def test_invited_discussant_can_post_to_discussion(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=2, login="newbie", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+
+        # alice invites newbie as a discussant.
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+                   display_name="Alice", role="contributor")
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "newbie@test", "role_in_rfc": "discussant"},
+        )
+        token = r.json()["token"]
+
+        # newbie accepts.
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=2, gitea_login="newbie",
+                   display_name="Newbie", role="contributor",
+                   email="newbie@test")
+        client.post("/api/invitations/accept", json={"token": token})
+
+        # newbie can now post to the discussion.
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/discussion/threads",
+            json={"label": "Question", "message": "Now I can speak."},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+
+
+def test_contributor_role_includes_discussion(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """A 'contributor' per-RFC role strictly includes discussion
+    permission — accepting a contributor invitation admits the user
+    to the discussion endpoint too."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=2, login="newbie", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+                   display_name="Alice", role="contributor")
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "newbie@test", "role_in_rfc": "contributor"},
+        )
+        token = r.json()["token"]
+
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=2, gitea_login="newbie",
+                   display_name="Newbie", role="contributor",
+                   email="newbie@test")
+        client.post("/api/invitations/accept", json={"token": token})
+
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/discussion/threads",
+            json={"label": "Q", "message": "Hello."},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200
+
+
+def test_platform_admin_can_post_to_discussion_without_invitation(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """Per §6.1 / item #12's permission shape: platform admins/owners
+    can write to any RFC's discussion regardless of per-RFC
+    membership."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=99, login="adminzero", role="admin")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=99, gitea_login="adminzero",
+                   display_name="Admin Zero", role="admin")
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/discussion/threads",
+            json={"label": "Admin chime", "message": "Drive-by from admin."},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200
+
+
+def test_rfc_owner_can_post_to_discussion(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """The frontmatter RFC owner is admitted by virtue of being on
+    the owners list — they don't need to invite themselves."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+                   display_name="Alice", role="contributor")
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/discussion/threads",
+            json={"label": "Owner thought", "message": "Kicking off the conversation."},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Admin-page hook (additive on /api/admin/users)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_admin_users_listing_surfaces_per_rfc_invitations(app_with_fake_gitea):
+    """v0.16.0 hook into the v0.9.0 admin user-management surface:
+    each user row carries an `rfc_invitations` array listing the
+    per-RFC roles they hold. Empty array for users without any."""
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    app, fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        provision_user_row(user_id=1, login="alice", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=2, login="newbie", role="contributor")
+        provision_user_row(user_id=99, login="adminzero", role="admin")
+        seed_active_rfc(fake, slug="ohm", title="OHM", body=SEED_BODY)
+
+        # alice invites newbie; newbie accepts.
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=1, gitea_login="alice",
+                   display_name="Alice", role="contributor")
+        r = client.post(
+            "/api/rfcs/ohm/invitations",
+            json={"invitee_email": "newbie@test", "role_in_rfc": "contributor"},
+        )
+        token = r.json()["token"]
+
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=2, gitea_login="newbie",
+                   display_name="Newbie", role="contributor",
+                   email="newbie@test")
+        client.post("/api/invitations/accept", json={"token": token})
+
+        # Admin lists.
+        sign_in_as(client, user_id=99, gitea_login="adminzero",
+                   display_name="Admin Zero", role="admin")
+        r = client.get("/api/admin/users")
+        assert r.status_code == 200
+        items = r.json()["items"]
+        newbie_row = next(i for i in items if i["gitea_login"] == "newbie")
+        assert isinstance(newbie_row["rfc_invitations"], list)
+        assert len(newbie_row["rfc_invitations"]) == 1
+        invite = newbie_row["rfc_invitations"][0]
+        assert invite["rfc_slug"] == "ohm"
+        assert invite["role_in_rfc"] == "contributor"
+        assert invite["inviter_login"] == "alice"
+
+        # Users with no invitations carry an empty array, not null.
+        alice_row = next(i for i in items if i["gitea_login"] == "alice")
+        assert alice_row["rfc_invitations"] == []

backend/tests/test_turnstile_vertical.py

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+"""End-to-end integration tests for the v0.12.0 CloudFlare Turnstile
+gate on `/auth/otc/request` (§6.2 / roadmap item #10).
+
+The release gates the OTC request endpoint behind a one-step
+browser-side Turnstile challenge before the bcrypt hash + SMTP send.
+The tests prove:
+
+  * Happy path: with the secret set, a valid token admits the request
+    and the OTC envelope lands.
+  * Failure path: with the secret set, a token siteverify rejects
+    refuses the request with 400 and produces no envelope.
+  * Missing-token: with the secret set, a request without a token
+    refuses with 400.
+  * Missing-secret-soft: with the secret unset AND
+    `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=false` (the v0.12.0 default), the request
+    admits — this is the dev / "operator hasn't wired it yet" path.
+  * Missing-secret-hard: with the secret unset AND
+    `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true`, the request refuses with 500
+    "auth misconfigured" — the production fail-closed path once
+    the operator has flipped the policy.
+
+The Turnstile siteverify call is mocked at the `httpx.post` boundary
+inside `app.turnstile` so no real keys are needed and no real
+CloudFlare call is made. The Gitea fakes from `test_propose_vertical`
+remain in scope so the rest of the app boots cleanly.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+
+import pytest
+
+from test_propose_vertical import (  # noqa: F401
+    FakeGitea,
+    app_with_fake_gitea,
+    tmp_env,
+)
+
+
+def _reset_outbound():
+    from app import email as email_mod
+    email_mod.reset_sent_envelopes()
+
+
+def _outbound_otc_envelopes(to_address: str | None = None) -> list[dict]:
+    from app import email as email_mod
+    out = []
+    for env in email_mod.sent_envelopes():
+        if env.get("kind") != "otc":
+            continue
+        if to_address is not None and env["to"] != to_address:
+            continue
+        out.append(env)
+    return out
+
+
+def _patch_siteverify(monkeypatch, *, success: bool, error_codes: list[str] | None = None):
+    """Replace `httpx.post` inside `app.turnstile` with a stub that
+    returns the requested success shape. The stub does not touch the
+    real CloudFlare endpoint and never sees a real secret.
+    """
+    captured = {}
+
+    def fake_post(url, *, data=None, timeout=None, **kwargs):
+        captured["url"] = url
+        captured["data"] = data
+        body = {"success": bool(success)}
+        if error_codes is not None:
+            body["error-codes"] = error_codes
+        return SimpleNamespace(json=lambda: body)
+
+    from app import turnstile as turnstile_mod
+    monkeypatch.setattr(turnstile_mod.httpx, "post", fake_post)
+    return captured
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Happy path: secret set, token valid → admit + OTC envelope lands
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_otc_request_admits_when_turnstile_token_is_valid(app_with_fake_gitea, monkeypatch):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET", "test-secret-not-real")
+    monkeypatch.setenv("TURNSTILE_REQUIRED", "true")
+    captured = _patch_siteverify(monkeypatch, success=True)
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/otc/request",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com", "turnstile_token": "fake-token-abc"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        # The siteverify call was made with the secret + the token we sent.
+        assert captured["data"]["secret"] == "test-secret-not-real"
+        assert captured["data"]["response"] == "fake-token-abc"
+        # And the OTC dispatch ran — exactly one envelope to the address.
+        envs = _outbound_otc_envelopes("alice@example.com")
+        assert len(envs) == 1
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Failure path: secret set, siteverify says success=false → 400 + no envelope
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_otc_request_refuses_when_turnstile_siteverify_fails(app_with_fake_gitea, monkeypatch):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET", "test-secret-not-real")
+    monkeypatch.setenv("TURNSTILE_REQUIRED", "true")
+    _patch_siteverify(monkeypatch, success=False, error_codes=["invalid-input-response"])
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/otc/request",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com", "turnstile_token": "fake-bad-token"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 400, r.text
+        # The OTC bcrypt + SMTP path did not run — no envelope was buffered.
+        assert _outbound_otc_envelopes("alice@example.com") == []
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Missing-token: secret set, no token → 400 + no envelope
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_otc_request_refuses_when_turnstile_token_is_missing(app_with_fake_gitea, monkeypatch):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET", "test-secret-not-real")
+    monkeypatch.setenv("TURNSTILE_REQUIRED", "true")
+    # Even though we patch httpx.post, the missing-token check fires
+    # before the siteverify call — so the patch is here only as a
+    # safety net in case the implementation regresses to making the
+    # network call anyway.
+    _patch_siteverify(monkeypatch, success=False)
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/otc/request",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com"},  # no turnstile_token field at all
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 400, r.text
+        assert _outbound_otc_envelopes("alice@example.com") == []
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Missing-secret-soft: no secret, TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=false (default) → admit
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_otc_request_admits_when_secret_unset_and_not_required(app_with_fake_gitea, monkeypatch):
+    """v0.12.0 default: the operator has not yet wired the Turnstile
+    secret and has not enabled `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED`. The gate stays
+    open — this is the dev / test / pre-rollout path. Once the
+    operator confirms the secret is in place and flips
+    `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true`, missing-secret becomes fail-closed
+    (covered in test_otc_request_refuses_when_required_but_secret_unset).
+    """
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    monkeypatch.delenv("CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv("TURNSTILE_REQUIRED", raising=False)
+    # The httpx.post inside turnstile must not be called in this path —
+    # patch it to a sentinel that explodes if it ever runs.
+    from app import turnstile as turnstile_mod
+
+    def must_not_be_called(*a, **kw):
+        raise AssertionError("siteverify should not run when no secret is configured")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(turnstile_mod.httpx, "post", must_not_be_called)
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/otc/request",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+        # The OTC path ran end-to-end — one envelope to the address.
+        assert len(_outbound_otc_envelopes("alice@example.com")) == 1
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Missing-secret-hard: no secret, TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true → 500 "misconfigured"
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_otc_request_refuses_when_required_but_secret_unset(app_with_fake_gitea, monkeypatch):
+    """Once the operator has flipped `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=true` to lock
+    down production, a missing secret stops being a soft-fail and
+    becomes a fail-closed 500. This is the regression-detection shape
+    the §20.4 upgrade-steps MAY block calls out — flip the flag once
+    the secret is wired so a future config drift fails loudly instead
+    of silently disabling abuse defense.
+    """
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+    monkeypatch.delenv("CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.setenv("TURNSTILE_REQUIRED", "true")
+
+    app, _fake = app_with_fake_gitea
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        _reset_outbound()
+        r = client.post(
+            "/auth/otc/request",
+            json={"email": "alice@example.com", "turnstile_token": "doesnt-matter"},
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 500, r.text
+        assert _outbound_otc_envelopes("alice@example.com") == []

frontend/.env.example

@@ -49,3 +49,39 @@ VITE_PRIVACY_POLICY_URL=
 # Examples:
 #   VITE_COOKIES_POLICY_URL=https://wiggleverse.org/cookies
 VITE_COOKIES_POLICY_URL=
+
+# v0.12.0 / roadmap item #10: CloudFlare Turnstile site key (public).
+# Provision a Turnstile site at dash.cloudflare.com → Turnstile → Add
+# site. The site key (this var) is embedded into the frontend bundle at
+# build time and rendered by the Turnstile widget on the /login email-
+# entry step. The secret key (private) lives in the backend env as
+# CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET — see backend/.env.example. Leave unset
+# in dev to skip the widget; the backend's TURNSTILE_REQUIRED policy
+# decides what happens to a tokenless request.
+#
+# Examples:
+#   VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY=0x4AAAAAAA...
+VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY=
+
+# v0.15.0 / roadmap item #13: Amplitude project API key (public).
+# Embedded in the frontend bundle at build time and used by the
+# analytics wrapper (`frontend/src/lib/analytics.js`) — which loads
+# `@amplitude/unified` (Analytics + Session Replay) when the user
+# has granted analytics consent (v0.13.0 cookie banner). Provision
+# an Amplitude project at app.amplitude.com → Projects → New, copy
+# the API key.
+#
+# Public by design: Amplitude browser keys are bundle-embedded
+# (visible in dev tools), same nature as VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY
+# (also public; the truly-secret half of that Turnstile pair is
+# CLOUDFLARE_TURNSTILE_SECRET on the backend). For deployments
+# behind flotilla, bind via `flotilla overlay set <deployment>
+# VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY=<key>` — NOT `flotilla secret set`. The
+# vendor's installation wizard shows the key inline as a literal
+# string in the init call, confirming the public framing. Leave
+# unset in dev; the wrapper logs one console warning and no-ops
+# (the app continues to work).
+#
+# Examples:
+#   VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY=01234567890abcdef01234567890abcd
+VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY=

frontend/package-lock.json

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 {
   "name": "rfc-app-frontend",
-  "version": "0.10.0",
+  "version": "0.15.0",
   "lockfileVersion": 3,
   "requires": true,
   "packages": {
     "": {
       "name": "rfc-app-frontend",
-      "version": "0.10.0",
+      "version": "0.15.0",
       "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/unified": "^1.1.9",
         "@codemirror/commands": "^6.10.3",
         "@codemirror/lang-markdown": "^6.5.0",
         "@codemirror/language": "^6.12.3",
@@ -30,6 +31,360 @@
         "vite": "^8.0.12"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/analytics-browser": {
+      "version": "2.42.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/analytics-browser/-/analytics-browser-2.42.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-q1XUlaKQkLq2CFx8xsVEc+uekOwHlnDYyaMBzlQDf2vcEaPaQDb7LzJ7z4CFs4Jn9FyBGDNo4w3IYjv9L6xjGA==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-core": "2.48.2",
+        "@amplitude/plugin-autocapture-browser": "1.27.2",
+        "@amplitude/plugin-custom-enrichment-browser": "0.1.9",
+        "@amplitude/plugin-event-property-attribution-browser": "0.2.1",
+        "@amplitude/plugin-network-capture-browser": "1.10.1",
+        "@amplitude/plugin-page-url-enrichment-browser": "0.7.11",
+        "@amplitude/plugin-page-view-tracking-browser": "2.11.1",
+        "@amplitude/plugin-web-vitals-browser": "1.1.33",
+        "tslib": "^2.4.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/analytics-client-common": {
+      "version": "2.4.48",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/analytics-client-common/-/analytics-client-common-2.4.48.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-jdRvu8ux3aIf74FvTDZuSFR1mutzdrIg1ebXYqpKizs9upXz1AJnHClkldSw9i4yu924AJ2wudxq6dccHWlNiA==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-connector": "^1.4.8",
+        "@amplitude/analytics-core": "2.48.2",
+        "@amplitude/analytics-types": "2.11.1",
+        "tslib": "^2.4.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/analytics-connector": {
+      "version": "1.6.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/analytics-connector/-/analytics-connector-1.6.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-SpIv0IQMNIq6SH3UqFGiaZyGSc7PBZwRdq7lvP0pBxW8i4Ny+8zwI0pV+VMfMHQwWY3wdIbWw5WQphNjpdq1/Q==",
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/analytics-core": {
+      "version": "2.48.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/analytics-core/-/analytics-core-2.48.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-r9O+hsTnTsDa1p6QdyC0KbBPXupzoWz9053RQB9XQz8078LM+5KCMbCKYOrSYniH4DH/OM2kOUEdJlwdxIl/IA==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-connector": "^1.6.4",
+        "@types/zen-observable": "0.8.3",
+        "safe-json-stringify": "1.2.0",
+        "tslib": "^2.4.1",
+        "zen-observable": "0.10.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/analytics-types": {
+      "version": "2.11.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/analytics-types/-/analytics-types-2.11.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-wFEgb0t99ly2uJKm5oZ28Lti0Kh5RecR5XBkwfUpDzn84IoCIZ8GJTsMw/nThu8FZFc7xFDA4UAt76zhZKrs9A==",
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/engagement-browser": {
+      "version": "1.0.9",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/engagement-browser/-/engagement-browser-1.0.9.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-zvPr0L5aLlOS3nG8scIkEEDMVK2y3MaMbgjYhMfYruhMpfsC/U0apov22nEc1RRrTwve2awEXruPRKf1TysqrQ==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-types": "^2.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/experiment-core": {
+      "version": "0.13.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/experiment-core/-/experiment-core-0.13.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-ZHvR0dxTltasp8MiMcQ6qKsY20mWnODoy3oebGad6qaRR1ywpUi8IuLf5AwLTM35ZwgzEUTn9TEIWKLHpDwHMw==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "js-base64": "^3.7.5"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/experiment-js-client": {
+      "version": "1.21.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/experiment-js-client/-/experiment-js-client-1.21.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-chE/4qQG/5Cgl93Wqj1NEdgOL5LkqySLlfk1EN0f+7bJa52HpkGFALA2FeCNYf31Z5CglEeKX6dUMgL7y33SIw==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-connector": "^1.6.4",
+        "@amplitude/experiment-core": "^0.13.1",
+        "@amplitude/ua-parser-js": "^0.7.31",
+        "base64-js": "1.5.1",
+        "unfetch": "4.1.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/plugin-autocapture-browser": {
+      "version": "1.27.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/plugin-autocapture-browser/-/plugin-autocapture-browser-1.27.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-UTA/0IDw/f2nnK+S1XILqoI5pgUgMTEZokDS6+pC4wuYtmOS9uNAgKuyajzjW12uobybMHRpv7xLjCJ5khKGAg==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-core": "2.48.2",
+        "tslib": "^2.4.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/plugin-custom-enrichment-browser": {
+      "version": "0.1.9",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/plugin-custom-enrichment-browser/-/plugin-custom-enrichment-browser-0.1.9.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-core": "2.48.2",
+        "tslib": "^2.4.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/plugin-event-property-attribution-browser": {
+      "version": "0.2.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/plugin-event-property-attribution-browser/-/plugin-event-property-attribution-browser-0.2.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-xqBCZe0DYsKyQ1eELN2LM8adXwRE2eOi3SnvSu9SkS0GDXBYWinuPCuLqyc/3uD5hY2FLACWvakpU0tr7GDJgg==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-core": "2.48.2",
+        "tslib": "^2.4.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/plugin-experiment-browser": {
+      "version": "1.0.0-beta.28",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/plugin-experiment-browser/-/plugin-experiment-browser-1.0.0-beta.28.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-core": "2.48.2",
+        "@amplitude/experiment-js-client": "^1.15.5"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/plugin-network-capture-browser": {
+      "version": "1.10.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/plugin-network-capture-browser/-/plugin-network-capture-browser-1.10.1.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-core": "2.48.2",
+        "tslib": "^2.4.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/plugin-page-url-enrichment-browser": {
+      "version": "0.7.11",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/plugin-page-url-enrichment-browser/-/plugin-page-url-enrichment-browser-0.7.11.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-core": "2.48.2",
+        "tslib": "^2.4.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/plugin-page-view-tracking-browser": {
+      "version": "2.11.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/plugin-page-view-tracking-browser/-/plugin-page-view-tracking-browser-2.11.1.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-core": "2.48.2",
+        "tslib": "^2.4.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/plugin-session-replay-browser": {
+      "version": "1.31.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/plugin-session-replay-browser/-/plugin-session-replay-browser-1.31.0.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-client-common": "2.4.48",
+        "@amplitude/analytics-core": "2.48.2",
+        "@amplitude/analytics-types": "2.11.1",
+        "@amplitude/rrweb-plugin-console-record": "2.0.0-alpha.40",
+        "@amplitude/rrweb-record": "2.0.0-alpha.40",
+        "@amplitude/session-replay-browser": "1.44.0",
+        "idb-keyval": "^6.2.1",
+        "tslib": "^2.4.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/plugin-web-vitals-browser": {
+      "version": "1.1.33",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/plugin-web-vitals-browser/-/plugin-web-vitals-browser-1.1.33.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-33FzxMH1Lr2lhvr5DDy3xD1HHWEI4KPLQsMUXqDTldkLl/ENNeBWcsljQTTDJipmRdS32I79KJhuHRNaoXd6fg==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/analytics-core": "2.48.2",
+        "tslib": "^2.4.1",
+        "web-vitals": "5.1.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/rrdom": {
+      "version": "2.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/rrdom/-/rrdom-2.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-2dAtxXL02usBV2CSOnScLd3WoVqWaeiGpxN8LuXJ0r/NpLJkW1k876v2tRKAz5NrxPwSdjihsMmwCIXHpJhHfA==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/rrweb-snapshot": "^2.1.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/rrweb": {
+      "version": "2.1.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/rrweb/-/rrweb-2.1.1.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/rrdom": "^2.1.0",
+        "@amplitude/rrweb-snapshot": "^2.1.0",
+        "@amplitude/rrweb-types": "^2.1.0",
+        "@amplitude/rrweb-utils": "^2.1.0",
+        "@types/css-font-loading-module": "0.0.7",
+        "@xstate/fsm": "^1.4.0",
+        "base64-arraybuffer": "^1.0.1",
+        "mitt": "^3.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/rrweb-packer": {
+      "version": "2.0.0-alpha.40",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/rrweb-packer/-/rrweb-packer-2.0.0-alpha.40.tgz",
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+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/rrweb-types": "^2.0.0-alpha.40",
+        "fflate": "^0.4.4"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/rrweb-plugin-console-record": {
+      "version": "2.0.0-alpha.40",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/rrweb-plugin-console-record/-/rrweb-plugin-console-record-2.0.0-alpha.40.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/rrweb": "^2.0.0-alpha.40"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/rrweb-record": {
+      "version": "2.0.0-alpha.40",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/rrweb-record/-/rrweb-record-2.0.0-alpha.40.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@amplitude/rrweb": "^2.0.0-alpha.40",
+        "@amplitude/rrweb-types": "^2.0.0-alpha.40"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/rrweb-snapshot": {
+      "version": "2.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/rrweb-snapshot/-/rrweb-snapshot-2.1.0.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "postcss": "^8.4.38"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/rrweb-types": {
+      "version": "2.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/rrweb-types/-/rrweb-types-2.1.0.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/rrweb-utils": {
+      "version": "2.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@amplitude/rrweb-utils/-/rrweb-utils-2.1.0.tgz",
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+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/@amplitude/session-replay-browser": {
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+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/web-vitals/-/web-vitals-5.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-ArI3kx5jI0atlTtmV0fWU3fjpLmq/nD3Zr1iFFlJLaqa5wLBkUSzINwBPySCX/8jRyjlmy1Volw1kz1g9XE4Jg==",
+      "license": "Apache-2.0"
+    },
+    "node_modules/zen-observable": {
+      "version": "0.10.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/zen-observable/-/zen-observable-0.10.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-iI3lT0iojZhKwT5DaFy2Ce42n3yFcLdFyOh01G7H0flMY60P8MJuVFEoJoNwXlmAyQ45GrjL6AcZmmlv8A5rbw==",
+      "license": "MIT"
     }
   }
 }

frontend/package.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "name": "rfc-app-frontend",
   "private": true,
-  "version": "0.14.0",
+  "version": "0.16.0",
   "type": "module",
   "scripts": {
     "dev": "vite",
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
     "preview": "vite preview"
   },
   "dependencies": {
+    "@amplitude/unified": "^1.1.9",
     "@codemirror/commands": "^6.10.3",
     "@codemirror/lang-markdown": "^6.5.0",
     "@codemirror/language": "^6.12.3",

frontend/src/App.css

@@ -455,6 +455,65 @@
 .otc-fallback a:hover { color: #1a1a1a; text-decoration: underline; }
 .otc-fallback-sep { color: #ccc; }
 
+/* v0.11.0 — "trust this device for 30 days" checkbox on the verify
+   step. Sits above the action row, padded so it doesn't crowd the
+   passcode/code input. */
+.otc-trust-device {
+  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;
+  font-size: 13px; color: #444;
+  margin: 8px 0 4px;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  user-select: none;
+}
+.otc-trust-device input[type="checkbox"] {
+  width: auto; margin: 0; cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+/* v0.11.0 — /settings/devices revoke-device UI. */
+.device-list {
+  list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 12px 0 0;
+}
+.device-list-item {
+  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between;
+  gap: 12px;
+  border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 6px;
+  padding: 10px 12px; margin: 0 0 8px;
+  background: #fafafa;
+}
+.device-list-item .device-meta {
+  flex: 1; min-width: 0;
+}
+.device-list-item .device-ua {
+  font-size: 13px; color: #1a1a1a;
+  white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;
+}
+.device-list-item .device-stamps {
+  font-size: 12px; color: #777;
+  margin-top: 2px;
+}
+.device-list-item button {
+  font-size: 12px; padding: 4px 10px;
+  border: 1px solid #ccc; border-radius: 4px;
+  background: white; cursor: pointer;
+}
+.device-list-item button:hover:not(:disabled) {
+  background: #f5f5f5;
+}
+.device-revoke-all {
+  margin-top: 8px;
+  font-size: 13px; padding: 6px 12px;
+  border: 1px solid #cb6a6a; border-radius: 4px;
+  background: white; color: #cb6a6a; cursor: pointer;
+}
+.device-revoke-all:hover:not(:disabled) {
+  background: #fff5f5;
+}
+.device-empty {
+  font-size: 13px; color: #777;
+  background: #fafafa; border: 1px solid #eee; border-radius: 6px;
+  padding: 12px;
+}
+
 /* --- Beta-pending page (post-OAuth-rejection) --- */
 
 .beta-pending {
@@ -1889,6 +1948,54 @@
   display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
   font-size: 13px; cursor: pointer;
 }
+
+/* v0.9.0 — admin user-management surface (roadmap item #7). */
+.admin-filter-chips {
+  display: flex; gap: 6px; margin-bottom: 16px; flex-wrap: wrap;
+}
+.admin-chip {
+  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
+  background: #fff; border: 1px solid #d1d5db; border-radius: 999px;
+  padding: 4px 12px; font-size: 12px; color: #374151; cursor: pointer;
+}
+.admin-chip:hover { background: #f9fafb; }
+.admin-chip.active {
+  background: #111; color: #fff; border-color: #111;
+}
+.admin-chip-count {
+  font-size: 11px; opacity: 0.7;
+}
+.admin-users-table td { vertical-align: top; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; }
+.permission-cell { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px; }
+.permission-actions { display: flex; gap: 6px; }
+.permission-badge {
+  display: inline-block;
+  font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600;
+  padding: 2px 8px; border-radius: 999px;
+  text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.04em;
+  width: max-content;
+}
+.permission-badge-pending {
+  background: #fef3c7; color: #92400e;
+}
+.permission-badge-granted {
+  background: #dcfce7; color: #166534;
+}
+.permission-badge-revoked {
+  background: #fee2e2; color: #991b1b;
+}
+.permission-decided { font-size: 11px; }
+.user-row-reason td {
+  background: #fffbeb; border-top: none !important;
+  padding: 0 16px 12px !important;
+}
+.user-reason-block {
+  border-left: 3px solid #f59e0b;
+  padding: 8px 12px; font-size: 13px;
+  background: #fffbeb;
+}
+.user-reason-block strong { display: block; margin-bottom: 4px; color: #92400e; }
+.user-reason-block p { margin: 0; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #374151; }
 .grad-queue { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 8px 0 24px; }
 .grad-queue li { padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #f3f4f6; }
 .grad-queue-link { color: #111; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14px; }

frontend/src/App.jsx

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from 'react'
-import { Routes, Route, Link, useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom'
+import { Routes, Route, Link, useLocation, useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom'
 import { getMe, subscribeToNotifications } from './api'
+import { anonymize, EVENTS, identify, track } from './lib/analytics'
 import Catalog from './components/Catalog.jsx'
 import Inbox from './components/Inbox.jsx'
 import RFCView from './components/RFCView.jsx'
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ import Philosophy from './components/Philosophy.jsx'
 import Docs from './components/Docs.jsx'
 import NotificationSettings from './components/NotificationSettings.jsx'
 import Admin from './components/Admin.jsx'
+import AcceptInvitation from './components/AcceptInvitation.jsx'
 import ToastHost, { showToast } from './components/ToastHost.jsx'
 import CookieConsentBanner from './components/CookieConsentBanner.jsx'
 import Privacy from './pages/Privacy.jsx'
@@ -34,6 +36,56 @@ export default function App() {
   // event that bumps this.
   const [consentReopenTick, setConsentReopenTick] = useState(0)
   const navigate = useNavigate()
+  const location = useLocation()
+  // v0.15.0 — Page Viewed event taxonomy. We fire on every
+  // route change; the analytics wrapper itself decides whether
+  // anything ships out (consent + key check). The first fire is
+  // also covered because `location` is set on mount.
+  const lastPathRef = useRef(null)
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const path = location.pathname + (location.search || '')
+    if (lastPathRef.current === path) return
+    lastPathRef.current = path
+    track(EVENTS.PAGE_VIEWED, { path: location.pathname })
+  }, [location.pathname, location.search])
+
+  // v0.15.0 + #21 Part C — bind the authenticated user id AND
+  // durable user properties to the analytics session when sign-in
+  // lands; reset on sign-out (viewer flips to null). The wrapper
+  // queues these calls until consent + init resolve, so the order
+  // is safe even on a cold load.
+  //
+  // Property bag passed to identify (set vs setOnce per #21 Part C):
+  //   set:     role, permission_state, passcode_set, device_trusted
+  //            (these can change mid-account-life — refresh each sign-in)
+  //   setOnce: first_sign_in_at, account_created_at
+  //            (immutable user-history markers — set on the first
+  //            sign-in that observes them, never overwritten)
+  //
+  // PII discipline: NO email, NO display_name, NO gitea_login passed
+  // through — Amplitude only sees opaque ids + enums + timestamps +
+  // booleans.
+  const lastUserIdRef = useRef(null)
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const uid = me?.authenticated ? me.user?.id : null
+    const viewer = me?.authenticated ? me.user : null
+    if (uid != null && lastUserIdRef.current !== uid) {
+      lastUserIdRef.current = uid
+      const props = {}
+      if (viewer?.role != null) props.role = viewer.role
+      if (viewer?.permission_state != null) props.permission_state = viewer.permission_state
+      if (viewer?.passcode_set != null) props.passcode_set = !!viewer.passcode_set
+      if (viewer?.device_trusted != null) props.device_trusted = !!viewer.device_trusted
+      if (viewer?.first_sign_in_at) props.first_sign_in_at = ['__setOnce__', viewer.first_sign_in_at]
+      if (viewer?.created_at) props.account_created_at = ['__setOnce__', viewer.created_at]
+      identify({ user_id: String(uid), properties: props })
+    } else if (uid == null && lastUserIdRef.current != null) {
+      // Sign-out edge — App-level reset is handled separately by the
+      // sign-out gesture that fires User Signed Out. Clear our local
+      // memo so a fresh sign-in re-fires identify.
+      lastUserIdRef.current = null
+    }
+  }, [me?.authenticated, me?.user?.id, me?.user?.role, me?.user?.permission_state, me?.user?.passcode_set, me?.user?.device_trusted])
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const handler = () => setConsentReopenTick(t => t + 1)
@@ -141,7 +193,20 @@ export default function App() {
             <>
               <span className="user-name">{viewer.display_name}</span>
               <span className={`user-role-badge role-${viewer.role}`}>{viewer.role}</span>
-              <a className="btn-link" href="/auth/logout">Sign out</a>
+              <a
+                className="btn-link"
+                href="/auth/logout"
+                onClick={() => {
+                  // v0.15.0 — fire the sign-out event before the
+                  // hard nav. The wrapper's track() is sync-enqueue;
+                  // the underlying SDK flush is best-effort across
+                  // navigation. anonymize() clears the user binding
+                  // so any post-nav anonymous events on the next
+                  // page aren't attributed to the prior user.
+                  track(EVENTS.USER_SIGNED_OUT)
+                  anonymize()
+                }}
+              >Sign out</a>
             </>
           ) : (
             <Link className="btn-signin-header" to="/login" title="Private beta — only invited emails can sign in">
@@ -156,6 +221,12 @@ export default function App() {
           <Route path="/welcome" element={<Landing />} />
           <Route path="/login" element={<Login />} />
           <Route path="/beta-pending" element={<BetaPending viewer={viewer} />} />
+          {/* v0.16.0 (item #12): per-RFC invitation acceptance landing.
+              Anonymous viewers see a sign-in prompt; signed-in users
+              see the preview + accept gesture. */}
+          <Route path="/invitations/accept" element={
+            <PolicyShell><AcceptInvitation viewer={viewer} /></PolicyShell>
+          } />
           <Route path="/philosophy" element={<PhilosophyWithSidebar viewer={viewer} />} />
           <Route path="/docs" element={<DocsWithSidebar viewer={viewer} />} />
           {/* §14.5 / §14.6: cookie-consent companions to /philosophy.

frontend/src/api.js

@@ -31,20 +31,33 @@ export async function getMe() {
 // migration — the new UI just no longer points at it primarily. These
 // two helpers drive the Login.jsx surface.
 
-export async function requestOtc(email) {
+export async function requestOtc(email, { turnstileToken } = {}) {
+  // v0.12.0 / roadmap item #10: when the Turnstile widget has produced
+  // a token, send it alongside the email so the backend can siteverify
+  // before the OTC dispatch. The backend treats a missing token as
+  // either soft-fail (no secret wired AND TURNSTILE_REQUIRED=false)
+  // or hard-fail (verification required) — the frontend stays
+  // uninvolved in the policy.
+  const body = { email }
+  if (turnstileToken) body.turnstile_token = turnstileToken
   const res = await fetch('/auth/otc/request', {
     method: 'POST',
     headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-    body: JSON.stringify({ email }),
+    body: JSON.stringify(body),
   })
   return jsonOrThrow(res)
 }
 
-export async function verifyOtc(email, code) {
+export async function verifyOtc(email, code, { trustDevice = false } = {}) {
+  // v0.11.0 — `trustDevice` is the "trust this device for 30 days"
+  // checkbox on the Login.jsx OTC step. When true, the server mints
+  // a fresh device-trust row and sets the long-lived cookie; on
+  // subsequent visits, the cookie skips the OTC roundtrip via
+  // `startDeviceTrust()`.
   const res = await fetch('/auth/otc/verify', {
     method: 'POST',
     headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-    body: JSON.stringify({ email, code }),
+    body: JSON.stringify({ email, code, trust_device: !!trustDevice }),
   })
   return jsonOrThrow(res)
 }
@@ -82,15 +95,44 @@ export async function checkPasscode(email) {
   return jsonOrThrow(res)
 }
 
-export async function verifyPasscode(email, passcode) {
+export async function verifyPasscode(email, passcode, { trustDevice = false } = {}) {
+  // v0.11.0 — same trust-device opt-in as `verifyOtc`.
   const res = await fetch('/auth/passcode/verify', {
     method: 'POST',
     headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-    body: JSON.stringify({ email, passcode }),
+    body: JSON.stringify({ email, passcode, trust_device: !!trustDevice }),
   })
   return jsonOrThrow(res)
 }
 
+// ── v0.11.0: trust device for 30 days (§6.2, roadmap item #9) ─────────────
+//
+// On a returning visit with a valid device-trust cookie, `startDeviceTrust`
+// re-establishes the session without an OTC / passcode roundtrip. The
+// cookie is HttpOnly so the client cannot read it; the call is a pure POST
+// that the browser attaches the cookie to automatically.
+//
+// `listMyDevices`, `revokeMyDevice`, and `revokeAllMyDevices` drive the
+// /settings/devices revoke-device UI. The signed-in user is the implicit
+// subject; the cookie carries the session.
+
+export async function startDeviceTrust() {
+  const res = await fetch('/auth/device-trust/start', { method: 'POST' })
+  return jsonOrThrow(res)
+}
+
+export async function listMyDevices() {
+  return jsonOrThrow(await fetch('/api/auth/me/devices'))
+}
+
+export async function revokeMyDevice(deviceId) {
+  return jsonOrThrow(await fetch(`/api/auth/me/devices/${deviceId}`, { method: 'DELETE' }))
+}
+
+export async function revokeAllMyDevices() {
+  return jsonOrThrow(await fetch('/api/auth/me/devices', { method: 'DELETE' }))
+}
+
 export async function setPasscode(passcode) {
   // Requires an active session — the server returns 401 if not signed
   // in. The signed-in user is the implicit subject; the body carries
@@ -280,6 +322,48 @@ export async function resolveThread(slug, branch, threadId) {
   return jsonOrThrow(res)
 }
 
+// ── v0.16.0: owner-only invite for per-RFC PR or PR-less discussion ──────
+//
+// roadmap item #12 / §6 / §10. The RFC's owner invites specific emails
+// to one of two per-RFC roles ('contributor' or 'discussant'); the
+// invitee accepts via the email-encoded token after signing in. The
+// platform-level grant remains the admin's decision (per item #6 /
+// v0.8.0) — these endpoints control per-RFC membership only.
+
+export async function listRFCInvitations(slug) {
+  return jsonOrThrow(await fetch(`/api/rfcs/${slug}/invitations`))
+}
+
+export async function createRFCInvitation(slug, { inviteeEmail, roleInRFC }) {
+  const res = await fetch(`/api/rfcs/${slug}/invitations`, {
+    method: 'POST',
+    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+    body: JSON.stringify({ invitee_email: inviteeEmail, role_in_rfc: roleInRFC }),
+  })
+  return jsonOrThrow(res)
+}
+
+export async function revokeRFCInvitation(slug, invitationId) {
+  const res = await fetch(`/api/rfcs/${slug}/invitations/${invitationId}/revoke`, {
+    method: 'POST',
+  })
+  return jsonOrThrow(res)
+}
+
+export async function previewInvitation(token) {
+  const params = new URLSearchParams({ token })
+  return jsonOrThrow(await fetch(`/api/invitations/accept?${params}`))
+}
+
+export async function acceptInvitation(token) {
+  const res = await fetch('/api/invitations/accept', {
+    method: 'POST',
+    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+    body: JSON.stringify({ token }),
+  })
+  return jsonOrThrow(res)
+}
+
 // ── v0.5.0: PR-less per-RFC discussion (§5 / §10) ────────────────────────
 //
 // The substrate is `threads.branch_name IS NULL` — the same threads
@@ -661,6 +745,19 @@ export async function setUserMute(userId, muted) {
   }))
 }
 
+// v0.9.0 — roadmap item #7. Flip a user's permission_state between
+// 'pending', 'granted', and 'revoked'. The Users tab on the admin
+// page wires Grant / Revoke buttons against this endpoint; the
+// returned `changed` flag is false when the requested state already
+// matched the row.
+export async function setUserPermission(userId, state) {
+  return jsonOrThrow(await fetch(`/api/admin/users/${userId}/permission`, {
+    method: 'POST',
+    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+    body: JSON.stringify({ state }),
+  }))
+}
+
 export async function listAuditLog({ actionKind, actorUserId, rfcSlug, beforeId, limit } = {}) {
   const params = new URLSearchParams()
   if (actionKind) params.set('action_kind', actionKind)

frontend/src/components/AcceptInvitation.jsx

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+// AcceptInvitation.jsx — v0.16.0 / roadmap item #12.
+//
+// The /invitations/accept?token=... landing page the invitation email
+// links to. The page:
+//
+//   1. Reads `?token=...` from the URL.
+//   2. Calls GET /api/invitations/accept?token=... to preview what the
+//      invitation grants (RFC title, role-in-RFC, expiry, whether the
+//      currently-signed-in user's email matches the invitee's).
+//   3. Renders a confirmation surface — name the RFC, name the role,
+//      and either show "Accept" (when the email matches and the
+//      invitation is still pending) or a refusal message (expired,
+//      revoked, email mismatch).
+//   4. On accept, POST /api/invitations/accept lands the
+//      rfc_collaborators row and the page redirects to the RFC's view.
+//
+// For an anonymous viewer who lands here without signing in, the
+// preview call 401s and the page tells them to sign in. After
+// signing in (via the existing OTC/passcode surface at /login) they
+// can return to the same URL — the token is stable.
+
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import { Link, useNavigate, useSearchParams } from 'react-router-dom'
+import { acceptInvitation, previewInvitation } from '../api'
+import { EVENTS, identify, track } from '../lib/analytics'
+
+export default function AcceptInvitation({ viewer }) {
+  const [searchParams] = useSearchParams()
+  const navigate = useNavigate()
+  const token = searchParams.get('token') || ''
+
+  const [preview, setPreview] = useState(null)
+  const [previewError, setPreviewError] = useState(null)
+  const [accepting, setAccepting] = useState(false)
+  const [acceptError, setAcceptError] = useState(null)
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!token) {
+      setPreviewError('No invitation token in the URL.')
+      return
+    }
+    if (!viewer) {
+      // Not signed in — the preview endpoint will 401. We surface a
+      // sign-in prompt without making the request.
+      return
+    }
+    previewInvitation(token)
+      .then(setPreview)
+      .catch(err => setPreviewError(err.message || 'Could not load invitation.'))
+  }, [token, viewer])
+
+  async function handleAccept() {
+    setAccepting(true)
+    setAcceptError(null)
+    try {
+      const result = await acceptInvitation(token)
+      // v0.16.0 + #21 Part C — re-identify with per-RFC invite
+      // properties on accept, BEFORE the track event fires, so the
+      // Amplitude user record carries the invite context from the
+      // moment of acceptance. setOnce on invited_at preserves the
+      // first-accepted timestamp if the same user accepts multiple
+      // RFC invitations.
+      if (viewer?.id != null) {
+        identify({
+          user_id: String(viewer.id),
+          properties: {
+            invited_at: ['__setOnce__', new Date().toISOString()],
+            last_invited_to_rfc: result.rfc_slug,
+            last_invite_role_in_rfc: result.role_in_rfc || preview?.role_in_rfc,
+            claim_method: 'rfc-invite',
+          },
+        })
+      }
+      track(EVENTS.INVITATION_ACCEPTED, {
+        rfc_slug: result.rfc_slug,
+        role_in_rfc: result.role_in_rfc || preview?.role_in_rfc,
+      })
+      navigate(`/rfc/${result.rfc_slug}`)
+    } catch (err) {
+      setAcceptError(err.message || 'Could not accept invitation.')
+    } finally {
+      setAccepting(false)
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!token) {
+    return (
+      <div className="accept-invitation">
+        <h1>Invitation link is malformed</h1>
+        <p>No <code>token</code> parameter was found. Ask the person who
+          invited you to re-send the link.</p>
+        <p><Link to="/">Return to the catalog</Link></p>
+      </div>
+    )
+  }
+
+  if (!viewer) {
+    return (
+      <div className="accept-invitation">
+        <h1>Sign in to accept your invitation</h1>
+        <p>
+          You've been invited to collaborate on an RFC. Sign in first so we
+          can attach the membership to your account, then return to this
+          link.
+        </p>
+        <p>
+          <Link to="/login" className="btn-primary">Sign in</Link>
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    )
+  }
+
+  if (previewError) {
+    return (
+      <div className="accept-invitation">
+        <h1>Invitation unavailable</h1>
+        <p>{previewError}</p>
+        <p><Link to="/">Return to the catalog</Link></p>
+      </div>
+    )
+  }
+
+  if (!preview) {
+    return <div className="accept-invitation">Loading invitation…</div>
+  }
+
+  const { rfc_title, rfc_slug, role_in_rfc, status, invitee_email, email_matches_you } = preview
+
+  if (status === 'revoked') {
+    return (
+      <div className="accept-invitation">
+        <h1>Invitation revoked</h1>
+        <p>
+          The owner of <strong>{rfc_title}</strong> revoked this invitation.
+          Ask them to re-issue it if you should still have access.
+        </p>
+        <p><Link to={`/rfc/${rfc_slug}`}>Read the RFC anyway</Link></p>
+      </div>
+    )
+  }
+  if (status === 'expired') {
+    return (
+      <div className="accept-invitation">
+        <h1>Invitation expired</h1>
+        <p>
+          This invitation to <strong>{rfc_title}</strong> has expired. Ask
+          the RFC's owner to issue a fresh one.
+        </p>
+        <p><Link to={`/rfc/${rfc_slug}`}>Read the RFC anyway</Link></p>
+      </div>
+    )
+  }
+  if (status === 'accepted') {
+    return (
+      <div className="accept-invitation">
+        <h1>Already accepted</h1>
+        <p>
+          You've already accepted this invitation. You can{' '}
+          <Link to={`/rfc/${rfc_slug}`}>open {rfc_title}</Link> now.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    )
+  }
+
+  if (!email_matches_you) {
+    return (
+      <div className="accept-invitation">
+        <h1>This invitation is for a different account</h1>
+        <p>
+          This invitation was sent to <strong>{invitee_email}</strong>. You're
+          currently signed in as <strong>{viewer.email || viewer.gitea_login}</strong>.
+          Sign out and sign back in with the invited address to accept.
+        </p>
+        <p><a className="btn-link" href="/auth/logout">Sign out</a></p>
+      </div>
+    )
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <div className="accept-invitation">
+      <h1>Join {rfc_title}</h1>
+      <p>
+        You've been invited to <strong>{rfc_title}</strong> as a{' '}
+        <strong>{role_in_rfc}</strong>.
+      </p>
+      <p style={{ color: '#666' }}>
+        {role_in_rfc === 'contributor'
+          ? 'Contributors can open PRs against this RFC and join its discussion.'
+          : 'Discussants can post in this RFC\'s discussion.'}
+      </p>
+      {acceptError && <div className="error-banner">{acceptError}</div>}
+      <p>
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          className="btn-primary"
+          onClick={handleAccept}
+          disabled={accepting}
+        >
+          {accepting ? 'Accepting…' : `Accept and open ${rfc_title}`}
+        </button>
+      </p>
+      <p>
+        <Link to={`/rfc/${rfc_slug}`}>or just read the RFC without accepting</Link>
+      </p>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

frontend/src/components/Admin.jsx

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import {
   listAdminUsers,
   setUserRole,
   setUserMute,
+  setUserPermission,
   listAuditLog,
   listPermissionEvents,
   listGraduationQueue,
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ import {
   addAllowlistEmail,
   removeAllowlistEmail,
 } from '../api.js'
+import { EVENTS, track } from '../lib/analytics.js'
 
 const TABS = [
   { path: 'users', label: 'Users' },
@@ -68,12 +70,26 @@ export default function Admin({ viewer }) {
   )
 }
 
-// ── Users + role + write-mute (§6.1 / §6.2) ────────────────────────────────
+// ── Users + role + write-mute + permission grant/revoke (§6.1 / §6.2) ──────
+//
+// v0.9.0 (roadmap item #7) lands the user-management surface. The table
+// shows every user with their permission_state, sign-up reason (when
+// pending), role, write-mute, and Grant / Revoke controls. State filter
+// chips above the table narrow to one bucket — the "Pending" chip is the
+// admin's daily inbox shape.
+
+const STATE_CHIPS = [
+  { value: 'all', label: 'All' },
+  { value: 'pending', label: 'Pending' },
+  { value: 'granted', label: 'Granted' },
+  { value: 'revoked', label: 'Revoked' },
+]
 
 function UsersTab() {
   const [users, setUsers] = useState(null)
   const [busy, setBusy] = useState({})
   const [error, setError] = useState(null)
+  const [stateFilter, setStateFilter] = useState('all')
 
   async function refresh() {
     setError(null)
@@ -113,68 +129,199 @@ function UsersTab() {
     }
   }
 
+  async function flipPermission(userId, state) {
+    setBusy(b => ({ ...b, [userId]: true }))
+    setError(null)
+    try {
+      await setUserPermission(userId, state)
+      // v0.15.0 — analytics: fire on a successful §6.1 grant/revoke.
+      // action collapses the {pending → granted, revoked → granted}
+      // edges onto `grant`, and `granted → revoked` onto `revoke`,
+      // matching the roadmap's two-arm taxonomy.
+      const action = state === 'granted' ? 'grant' : 'revoke'
+      track(EVENTS.ADMIN_PERMISSION_DECISION, { action, target_user_id: String(userId) })
+      // Refresh the full row so permission_decided_{at,by_*} update too.
+      await refresh()
+    } catch (e) {
+      setError(e.message)
+    } finally {
+      setBusy(b => ({ ...b, [userId]: false }))
+    }
+  }
+
+  const counts = useMemo(() => {
+    const c = { all: 0, pending: 0, granted: 0, revoked: 0 }
+    if (users) {
+      c.all = users.length
+      for (const u of users) {
+        const s = u.permission_state || 'granted'
+        if (s in c) c[s] += 1
+      }
+    }
+    return c
+  }, [users])
+
   if (users == null) return <p className="muted">Loading users…</p>
 
+  const filtered = stateFilter === 'all'
+    ? users
+    : users.filter(u => (u.permission_state || 'granted') === stateFilter)
+
   return (
     <div className="admin-tab">
       <header className="admin-tab-header">
         <h2>Users</h2>
         <p className="muted">
-          Role changes write to <code>permission_events</code>. The §6.2
+          The pending bucket is the beta-access review queue (§6.1 /
-          write-mute applies to contributors only — promote to admin to
+          v0.8.0). Grant or revoke writes to <code>permission_events</code>
-          remove a user's ability to write without silencing them.
+          and stamps <code>permission_decided_by</code> +{' '}
+          <code>permission_decided_at</code>. Role and write-mute controls
+          retain their v0.7.0 semantics — promote to admin to remove a
+          user's ability to write without silencing them.
         </p>
       </header>
       {error && <p className="settings-note warning">{error}</p>}
-      <table className="admin-table">
+
-        <thead>
+      <div className="admin-filter-chips">
-          <tr>
+        {STATE_CHIPS.map(chip => (
-            <th>User</th>
+          <button
-            <th>Role</th>
+            key={chip.value}
-            <th>Write-muted</th>
+            type="button"
-            <th>Last seen</th>
+            className={`admin-chip${stateFilter === chip.value ? ' active' : ''}`}
-          </tr>
+            onClick={() => setStateFilter(chip.value)}
-        </thead>
+          >
-        <tbody>
+            {chip.label} <span className="admin-chip-count">{counts[chip.value] ?? 0}</span>
-          {users.map(u => (
+          </button>
-            <tr key={u.id}>
+        ))}
-              <td>
+      </div>
-                <div className="user-cell">
+
-                  <span className="user-handle">@{u.gitea_login}</span>
+      {filtered.length === 0 ? (
-                  <span className="muted">{u.display_name}</span>
+        <p className="muted">No users in this bucket.</p>
-                </div>
+      ) : (
-              </td>
+        <table className="admin-table admin-users-table">
-              <td>
+          <thead>
-                <select
+            <tr>
-                  value={u.role}
+              <th>User</th>
-                  onChange={e => changeRole(u.id, e.target.value)}
+              <th>State</th>
-                  disabled={!!busy[u.id]}
+              <th>Role</th>
-                >
+              <th>Write-muted</th>
-                  <option value="contributor">Contributor</option>
+              <th>Signed up</th>
-                  <option value="admin">Admin</option>
+              <th>Last seen</th>
-                  <option value="owner">Owner</option>
-                </select>
-              </td>
-              <td>
-                {u.role === 'contributor' ? (
-                  <label className="mute-toggle">
-                    <input
-                      type="checkbox"
-                      checked={!!u.muted}
-                      onChange={e => toggleMute(u.id, e.target.checked)}
-                      disabled={!!busy[u.id]}
-                    />
-                    {u.muted ? 'Muted' : 'Active'}
-                  </label>
-                ) : (
-                  <span className="muted">N/A</span>
-                )}
-              </td>
-              <td className="muted">{u.last_seen_at}</td>
             </tr>
-          ))}
+          </thead>
-        </tbody>
+          <tbody>
-      </table>
+            {filtered.map(u => (
+              <UserRow
+                key={u.id}
+                user={u}
+                busy={!!busy[u.id]}
+                onChangeRole={role => changeRole(u.id, role)}
+                onToggleMute={muted => toggleMute(u.id, muted)}
+                onFlipPermission={state => flipPermission(u.id, state)}
+              />
+            ))}
+          </tbody>
+        </table>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+function UserRow({ user: u, busy, onChangeRole, onToggleMute, onFlipPermission }) {
+  const state = u.permission_state || 'granted'
+  const fullName = [u.first_name, u.last_name].filter(Boolean).join(' ').trim()
+  const handle = u.gitea_login ? `@${u.gitea_login}` : (u.email || u.display_name)
+  return (
+    <>
+      <tr>
+        <td>
+          <div className="user-cell">
+            <span className="user-handle">{handle}</span>
+            <span className="muted">
+              {fullName || u.display_name}
+              {u.email ? ` · ${u.email}` : ''}
+            </span>
+          </div>
+        </td>
+        <td>
+          <PermissionCell user={u} busy={busy} onFlipPermission={onFlipPermission} />
+        </td>
+        <td>
+          <select
+            value={u.role}
+            onChange={e => onChangeRole(e.target.value)}
+            disabled={busy}
+          >
+            <option value="contributor">Contributor</option>
+            <option value="admin">Admin</option>
+            <option value="owner">Owner</option>
+          </select>
+        </td>
+        <td>
+          {u.role === 'contributor' ? (
+            <label className="mute-toggle">
+              <input
+                type="checkbox"
+                checked={!!u.muted}
+                onChange={e => onToggleMute(e.target.checked)}
+                disabled={busy}
+              />
+              {u.muted ? 'Muted' : 'Active'}
+            </label>
+          ) : (
+            <span className="muted">N/A</span>
+          )}
+        </td>
+        <td className="muted">{u.created_at || '—'}</td>
+        <td className="muted">{u.last_seen_at || '—'}</td>
+      </tr>
+      {state === 'pending' && u.beta_request_reason ? (
+        <tr className="user-row-reason">
+          <td colSpan={6}>
+            <div className="user-reason-block">
+              <strong>Why they want access:</strong>
+              <p>{u.beta_request_reason}</p>
+            </div>
+          </td>
+        </tr>
+      ) : null}
+    </>
+  )
+}
+
+function PermissionCell({ user: u, busy, onFlipPermission }) {
+  const state = u.permission_state || 'granted'
+  const decidedSuffix = u.permission_decided_at
+    ? ` · by ${u.permission_decided_by_login ? '@' + u.permission_decided_by_login : '—'} at ${u.permission_decided_at}`
+    : ''
+  return (
+    <div className="permission-cell">
+      <span className={`permission-badge permission-badge-${state}`}>{state}</span>
+      <div className="permission-actions">
+        {state !== 'granted' && (
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            className="btn-link-quiet"
+            disabled={busy}
+            onClick={() => onFlipPermission('granted')}
+          >Grant</button>
+        )}
+        {state === 'granted' && (
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            className="btn-link-quiet"
+            disabled={busy}
+            onClick={() => {
+              if (confirm(`Revoke access for ${u.display_name || u.email}?`)) {
+                onFlipPermission('revoked')
+              }
+            }}
+          >Revoke</button>
+        )}
+      </div>
+      {decidedSuffix && (
+        <div className="permission-decided muted">{decidedSuffix.replace(/^ · /, '')}</div>
+      )}
     </div>
   )
 }

frontend/src/components/BetaPending.jsx

@@ -27,8 +27,11 @@ export default function BetaPending({ viewer }) {
         {isPending ? (
           <>
             <p>
-              Thanks for telling us a bit about yourself. An admin will
+              Thanks for telling us a bit about yourself. The deployment's
-              review your request and get back to you as soon as we can.
+              admins are notified by email as soon as a request lands;
+              we don't commit to a fixed SLA — turnaround depends on
+              operator availability — and the deployment operator is
+              the right person to ask if a wait runs long.
             </p>
             <p>
               While you wait, the catalog on the left lists every super-draft

frontend/src/components/InvitationsModal.jsx

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+// InvitationsModal.jsx — v0.16.0 / roadmap item #12.
+//
+// The RFC owner's surface for issuing per-RFC invitations and watching
+// who has accepted. Opens from the RFC view's header strip when the
+// viewer is the RFC's owner (or a platform admin/owner). Non-owner
+// viewers never see the trigger.
+//
+// The modal shows two stacked sections:
+//
+//   1. "Invite someone" — email input + role picker
+//      (contributor | discussant) + Send. The send goes through the
+//      backend's POST /api/rfcs/<slug>/invitations, which both writes
+//      the row and dispatches the email to the invitee. Success
+//      refreshes the list below and clears the input.
+//
+//   2. "Existing invitations" — every invitation (pending +
+//      accepted + revoked + expired) on this RFC, with revoke
+//      buttons on the pending ones. The status of each row is the
+//      effective status (the backend recomputes expired-from-pending
+//      at read time so an unattended cron isn't required).
+//
+// No custom-message field — that belongs to item #16's platform-
+// level surface, not here. No bulk-invite — one email at a time
+// keeps the gesture deliberate.
+
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import {
+  createRFCInvitation,
+  listRFCInvitations,
+  revokeRFCInvitation,
+} from '../api'
+import { EVENTS, track } from '../lib/analytics'
+
+const ROLE_OPTIONS = [
+  { value: 'contributor', label: 'Contributor — can open PRs and join discussion' },
+  { value: 'discussant', label: 'Discussant — can join discussion only' },
+]
+
+export default function InvitationsModal({ slug, rfcTitle, onClose }) {
+  const [invitations, setInvitations] = useState(null)
+  const [loadError, setLoadError] = useState(null)
+  const [inviteeEmail, setInviteeEmail] = useState('')
+  const [roleInRFC, setRoleInRFC] = useState('contributor')
+  const [submitting, setSubmitting] = useState(false)
+  const [submitError, setSubmitError] = useState(null)
+  const [submitSuccess, setSubmitSuccess] = useState(null)
+  const [revokingId, setRevokingId] = useState(null)
+
+  async function refresh() {
+    setLoadError(null)
+    try {
+      const r = await listRFCInvitations(slug)
+      setInvitations(r.items || [])
+    } catch (e) {
+      setLoadError(e.message)
+    }
+  }
+
+  useEffect(() => { refresh() /* eslint-disable-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps */ }, [slug])
+
+  async function handleSend(e) {
+    e.preventDefault()
+    const email = inviteeEmail.trim()
+    if (!email) return
+    setSubmitting(true)
+    setSubmitError(null)
+    setSubmitSuccess(null)
+    try {
+      await createRFCInvitation(slug, { inviteeEmail: email, roleInRFC })
+      // v0.16.0 + #21 Part C — Amplitude wiring. No PII (the email
+      // is the inviter's input, not the invitee's identity in our
+      // analytics; we record the rfc_slug + role_in_rfc so a future
+      // invite→accept correlation has both halves).
+      track(EVENTS.INVITATION_SENT, { rfc_slug: slug, role_in_rfc: roleInRFC })
+      setSubmitSuccess(`Invitation sent to ${email}.`)
+      setInviteeEmail('')
+      await refresh()
+    } catch (err) {
+      setSubmitError(err.message || 'Failed to send invitation.')
+    } finally {
+      setSubmitting(false)
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function handleRevoke(invitationId) {
+    setRevokingId(invitationId)
+    try {
+      await revokeRFCInvitation(slug, invitationId)
+      await refresh()
+    } catch (err) {
+      setSubmitError(err.message || 'Failed to revoke invitation.')
+    } finally {
+      setRevokingId(null)
+    }
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <div className="modal-overlay" onClick={e => { if (e.target === e.currentTarget) onClose() }}>
+      <div className="modal" style={{ maxWidth: 640 }}>
+        <div className="modal-header">
+          <h2>Invitations — {rfcTitle || slug}</h2>
+          <button className="modal-close" onClick={onClose}>×</button>
+        </div>
+        <div className="modal-body">
+          <p style={{ marginTop: 0, color: '#666' }}>
+            Invite people by email to contribute PRs against this RFC or to
+            join its discussion. Anyone with the link can read this RFC;
+            this surface controls who can <em>write</em>.
+          </p>
+
+          <form onSubmit={handleSend} className="invitations-form" style={{ marginTop: 16 }}>
+            <label htmlFor="invitee-email">Invitee email</label>
+            <input
+              id="invitee-email"
+              type="email"
+              value={inviteeEmail}
+              onChange={e => setInviteeEmail(e.target.value)}
+              placeholder="someone@example.com"
+              autoFocus
+              required
+            />
+            <label htmlFor="invitee-role" style={{ marginTop: 10 }}>Role on this RFC</label>
+            <select
+              id="invitee-role"
+              value={roleInRFC}
+              onChange={e => setRoleInRFC(e.target.value)}
+            >
+              {ROLE_OPTIONS.map(opt => (
+                <option key={opt.value} value={opt.value}>{opt.label}</option>
+              ))}
+            </select>
+            <div style={{ marginTop: 12, display: 'flex', gap: 8, alignItems: 'center' }}>
+              <button type="submit" className="btn-primary" disabled={submitting}>
+                {submitting ? 'Sending…' : 'Send invitation'}
+              </button>
+              {submitError && <span style={{ color: '#c33' }}>{submitError}</span>}
+              {submitSuccess && <span style={{ color: '#383' }}>{submitSuccess}</span>}
+            </div>
+          </form>
+
+          <hr style={{ margin: '20px 0' }} />
+
+          <h3 style={{ margin: '0 0 8px' }}>Existing invitations</h3>
+          {loadError && <div className="error-banner">{loadError}</div>}
+          {invitations === null && <div>Loading…</div>}
+          {invitations !== null && invitations.length === 0 && (
+            <div style={{ color: '#666' }}>No invitations have been sent yet.</div>
+          )}
+          {invitations !== null && invitations.length > 0 && (
+            <table style={{ width: '100%', borderCollapse: 'collapse' }}>
+              <thead>
+                <tr>
+                  <th style={{ textAlign: 'left', padding: 4 }}>Email</th>
+                  <th style={{ textAlign: 'left', padding: 4 }}>Role</th>
+                  <th style={{ textAlign: 'left', padding: 4 }}>Status</th>
+                  <th style={{ textAlign: 'left', padding: 4 }}>Sent</th>
+                  <th style={{ padding: 4 }}></th>
+                </tr>
+              </thead>
+              <tbody>
+                {invitations.map(inv => (
+                  <tr key={inv.id} style={{ borderTop: '1px solid #eee' }}>
+                    <td style={{ padding: 4 }}>{inv.invitee_email}</td>
+                    <td style={{ padding: 4 }}>{inv.role_in_rfc}</td>
+                    <td style={{ padding: 4 }}>
+                      <span className={`invitation-status status-${inv.status}`}>
+                        {inv.status}
+                      </span>
+                      {inv.status === 'accepted' && inv.accepted_by_display && (
+                        <span style={{ color: '#666', marginLeft: 6 }}>
+                          by {inv.accepted_by_display}
+                        </span>
+                      )}
+                    </td>
+                    <td style={{ padding: 4, color: '#666' }}>
+                      {inv.created_at?.slice(0, 10) || ''}
+                    </td>
+                    <td style={{ padding: 4, textAlign: 'right' }}>
+                      {inv.status === 'pending' && (
+                        <button
+                          type="button"
+                          className="btn-link"
+                          onClick={() => handleRevoke(inv.id)}
+                          disabled={revokingId === inv.id}
+                        >
+                          {revokingId === inv.id ? 'Revoking…' : 'Revoke'}
+                        </button>
+                      )}
+                    </td>
+                  </tr>
+                ))}
+              </tbody>
+            </table>
+          )}
+        </div>
+        <div className="modal-footer">
+          <button type="button" className="btn-link" onClick={onClose}>Close</button>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

frontend/src/components/Login.jsx

@@ -1,7 +1,17 @@
-// Login.jsx — the composed sign-in surface (§6.2) after the v0.10.0
+// Login.jsx — the composed sign-in surface (§6.2) after the v0.12.0
-// (passcodes, roadmap item #8) rebase onto v0.8.0 (beta-access-request
+// (CloudFlare Turnstile gate on OTC dispatch, roadmap item #10) /
-// capture, §6.1 / §14.1, roadmap item #6). v0.7.0 (roadmap item #5)
+// v0.10.0 (passcodes, roadmap item #8) rebase onto v0.8.0
-// established the email + OTC scaffolding both releases extended.
+// (beta-access-request capture, §6.1 / §14.1, roadmap item #6). v0.7.0
+// (roadmap item #5) established the email + OTC scaffolding the later
+// releases extended.
+//
+// v0.12.0: the email-entry step renders a Turnstile widget. The token
+// it produces is sent to `/auth/otc/request` alongside the email. The
+// passcode step also renders a widget for the "Use a code instead"
+// fallback dispatch (same backend endpoint, same gate). When the
+// `VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY` build var is unset, the widget renders
+// nothing — the form still submits and the backend's TURNSTILE_REQUIRED
+// policy decides admission.
 //
 // Four-to-six-step flow (most users see three; the longest path is
 // pending-user with no passcode, who never sees the passcode steps):
@@ -72,7 +82,10 @@ import {
   checkPasscode,
   verifyPasscode,
   setPasscode as apiSetPasscode,
+  startDeviceTrust,
 } from '../api'
+import TurnstileWidget, { turnstileEnabled } from './TurnstileWidget'
+import { EVENTS, track } from '../lib/analytics'
 
 export default function Login() {
   // Steps: 'email' → 'passcode' or 'code' → (on the OTC path, after
@@ -84,12 +97,31 @@ export default function Login() {
   const [code, setCode] = useState('')
   const [passcode, setPasscode] = useState('')
   const [newPasscode, setNewPasscode] = useState('')
+  // v0.11.0 — "trust this device for 30 days" checkbox, shared by the
+  // OTC and passcode verify steps. The flag rides on the verify POST;
+  // a checked box mints a device-trust row server-side and sets the
+  // long-lived `rfc_device_trust` cookie. Defaults off so the user
+  // makes an explicit choice — auth credentials shouldn't persist by
+  // default.
+  const [trustDevice, setTrustDevice] = useState(false)
   // v0.8.0 — capture-profile fields.
   const [firstName, setFirstName] = useState('')
   const [lastName, setLastName] = useState('')
   const [reason, setReason] = useState('')
   const [status, setStatus] = useState('')
   const [busy, setBusy] = useState(false)
+  // v0.12.0: Turnstile token captured by the widget. `null` means no
+  // challenge solved yet (or the site key is unset, in which case the
+  // widget surfaces null on mount). The token is single-use; we clear
+  // it back to null right after we send it so a second request on the
+  // same form remount re-challenges. `turnstileReady` is true once the
+  // widget has produced a token OR the widget is not configured at
+  // build time (no site key) — the submit button reads from it so the
+  // form locks up when the operator has wired Turnstile but the user
+  // hasn't solved the challenge yet.
+  const [turnstileToken, setTurnstileToken] = useState(null)
+  const turnstileOn = turnstileEnabled()
+  const turnstileReady = !turnstileOn || !!turnstileToken
   const emailRef = useRef(null)
   const codeRef = useRef(null)
   const passcodeRef = useRef(null)
@@ -105,6 +137,33 @@ export default function Login() {
     else if (step === 'set-passcode') newPasscodeRef.current?.focus()
   }, [step])
 
+  // v0.11.0 — on mount, try the device-trust cookie path. If the
+  // browser still carries a valid `rfc_device_trust` cookie from a
+  // prior "trust this device" gesture, the server re-establishes the
+  // session without any user input and we redirect home. The cookie
+  // is HttpOnly so we can't peek at it; we just call the endpoint and
+  // see whether it returns 200. 401 (no cookie / invalid / revoked)
+  // is the structural-silent case — the user proceeds to the email
+  // step normally. We do not surface any UI about the attempt; a
+  // failure should be invisible.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let cancelled = false
+    ;(async () => {
+      try {
+        await startDeviceTrust()
+        if (!cancelled) {
+          // v0.15.0 — analytics: device-trust cookie path is one of
+          // three sign-in methods the taxonomy distinguishes.
+          track(EVENTS.USER_SIGNED_IN, { method: 'trust-device' })
+          window.location.assign('/')
+        }
+      } catch (_) {
+        // No trusted device — fall through to the email step.
+      }
+    })()
+    return () => { cancelled = true }
+  }, [])
+
   async function submitEmail(e) {
     e.preventDefault()
     if (!email.trim() || !email.includes('@')) {
@@ -119,13 +178,22 @@ export default function Login() {
         setStep('passcode')
         setStatus('')
       } else {
-        await requestOtc(email.trim())
+        await requestOtc(email.trim(), { turnstileToken })
+        // v0.12.0: the token is single-use; drop it so a re-request
+        // from the code step (via "Use a different email" → back to
+        // email) starts with a fresh challenge.
+        setTurnstileToken(null)
         setStep('code')
         setStatus('Check your inbox — a six-digit code is on the way.')
       }
     } catch (err) {
+      // Any failure consumes the token from CloudFlare's side; clear
+      // so the widget re-renders a fresh challenge on retry.
+      setTurnstileToken(null)
       if (err.status === 429) {
         setStatus('Slow down — wait a minute before requesting another code.')
+      } else if (err.status === 400) {
+        setStatus("Couldn't verify you're human. Please retry the challenge.")
       } else {
         setStatus(err.message || 'Could not start sign-in. Try again.')
       }
@@ -143,7 +211,11 @@ export default function Login() {
     setBusy(true)
     setStatus('')
     try {
-      await verifyPasscode(email.trim(), passcode.trim())
+      await verifyPasscode(email.trim(), passcode.trim(), { trustDevice })
+      // v0.15.0 — analytics: passcode is the second of three
+      // sign-in methods. trust-device gets credited separately when
+      // the cookie-driven path fires above.
+      track(EVENTS.USER_SIGNED_IN, { method: 'passcode' })
       // Reload so App.jsx's getMe() picks up the fresh session. A
       // returning passcode user is by definition already past the
       // §6.1 capture step (they couldn't have set a passcode while
@@ -156,17 +228,29 @@ export default function Login() {
         // fresh code in the user's inbox immediately.
         setPasscode('')
         try {
-          await requestOtc(email.trim())
+          // v0.12.0: pass whatever token the widget on the passcode
+          // step has produced. If the operator has Turnstile required
+          // and the user hasn't solved the passcode-step widget, the
+          // backend refuses and we bounce them back to email-entry
+          // with a clear status (see catch below).
+          await requestOtc(email.trim(), { turnstileToken })
+          setTurnstileToken(null)
           setStep('code')
           setStatus(
             'Too many failed attempts. We sent a one-time code to your email — use it to sign in.',
           )
         } catch (e2) {
+          setTurnstileToken(null)
           if (e2.status === 429) {
             setStep('code')
             setStatus(
               'Too many failed attempts. Wait a minute, then request a one-time code to sign in.',
             )
+          } else if (e2.status === 400) {
+            setStep('email')
+            setStatus(
+              'Too many failed attempts. Solve the challenge below to receive a one-time code.',
+            )
           } else {
             setStatus(
               'Too many failed attempts. Use the "Use a code instead" link to sign in via email.',
@@ -189,7 +273,12 @@ export default function Login() {
     setBusy(true)
     setStatus('')
     try {
-      await verifyOtc(email.trim(), code.trim())
+      await verifyOtc(email.trim(), code.trim(), { trustDevice })
+      // v0.15.0 — analytics: OTC is the third sign-in method.
+      // We fire it here regardless of whether the user then lands
+      // in capture-profile or offer-passcode — sign-in has happened
+      // server-side either way.
+      track(EVENTS.USER_SIGNED_IN, { method: 'otc' })
       // OTC verified — the server has signed in the user. Fetch the
       // canonical /api/auth/me to decide where to land:
       //   * needs_profile  → §6.1 capture (then /beta-pending).
@@ -246,6 +335,11 @@ export default function Login() {
         last_name: ln,
         beta_request_reason: why,
       })
+      // v0.15.0 — analytics: a successful capture-profile submit is
+      // the moment a beta-access request lands. No PII in the event
+      // body (no name, no reason text); the count + timestamp is
+      // what the funnel needs.
+      track(EVENTS.BETA_ACCESS_REQUESTED)
       // Hard-load so App.jsx re-fetches /api/auth/me and picks up
       // the captured fields. The user stays permission_state='pending'
       // until an admin grants access — the next thing they should
@@ -314,17 +408,27 @@ export default function Login() {
 
   async function fallbackToOtc() {
     // Manual "Use a code instead" from the passcode step. Same shape
-    // as the email-step OTC dispatch.
+    // as the email-step OTC dispatch. v0.12.0: pass through whatever
+    // Turnstile token the passcode-step widget has produced (or null
+    // when the widget is disabled at build time).
     setBusy(true)
     setStatus('')
     try {
-      await requestOtc(email.trim())
+      await requestOtc(email.trim(), { turnstileToken })
+      setTurnstileToken(null)
       setPasscode('')
       setStep('code')
       setStatus('Check your inbox — a six-digit code is on the way.')
     } catch (err) {
+      setTurnstileToken(null)
       if (err.status === 429) {
         setStatus('Slow down — wait a minute before requesting another code.')
+      } else if (err.status === 400) {
+        // v0.12.0: the widget rejected or no token was sent. Bounce
+        // the user back to the email step so they get a fresh
+        // challenge alongside the email input.
+        setStep('email')
+        setStatus("Couldn't verify you're human. Please retry the challenge.")
       } else {
         setStatus(err.message || 'Could not request a code. Try again.')
       }
@@ -357,7 +461,18 @@ export default function Login() {
               required
               disabled={busy}
             />
-            <button type="submit" disabled={busy || !email.trim()}>
+            {/*
+              v0.12.0: CloudFlare Turnstile widget. Renders nothing
+              when VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY is unset (and turnstileReady
+              defaults to true in that case so the submit gate doesn't
+              lock up). On every challenge the widget calls onToken
+              with the fresh token; we feed it to /auth/otc/request.
+            */}
+            <TurnstileWidget onToken={setTurnstileToken} />
+            <button
+              type="submit"
+              disabled={busy || !email.trim() || !turnstileReady}
+            >
               {busy ? 'Checking…' : 'Continue'}
             </button>
           </form>
@@ -378,6 +493,30 @@ export default function Login() {
               required
               disabled={busy}
             />
+            {/* v0.11.0 — trust device for 30 days. The checkbox lives
+                on the verify step so the user makes the trust gesture
+                in the same breath as signing in. Off by default; the
+                user opts in deliberately. */}
+            <label className="otc-trust-device">
+              <input
+                type="checkbox"
+                checked={trustDevice}
+                onChange={e => setTrustDevice(e.target.checked)}
+                disabled={busy}
+              />
+              <span>Trust this device for 30 days</span>
+            </label>
+            {/*
+              v0.12.0: a second Turnstile widget for the
+              "Use a code instead" fallback dispatch. The passcode
+              verify path does not consume a Turnstile token (it has
+              its own 5-attempt lockout shape from v0.10.0), but if
+              the user falls back to OTC the same /auth/otc/request
+              endpoint runs and needs a token. We render the widget
+              on this step too so the fallback works without bouncing
+              back to email-entry first.
+            */}
+            <TurnstileWidget onToken={setTurnstileToken} />
             <div className="otc-actions">
               <button type="submit" disabled={busy || !passcode.trim()}>
                 {busy ? 'Signing in…' : 'Sign in'}
@@ -386,7 +525,7 @@ export default function Login() {
                 type="button"
                 className="btn-link-quiet"
                 onClick={fallbackToOtc}
-                disabled={busy}
+                disabled={busy || !turnstileReady}
               >
                 Use a code instead
               </button>
@@ -420,6 +559,17 @@ export default function Login() {
               required
               disabled={busy}
             />
+            {/* v0.11.0 — trust device for 30 days. Same shape as the
+                passcode step; the user opts in deliberately. */}
+            <label className="otc-trust-device">
+              <input
+                type="checkbox"
+                checked={trustDevice}
+                onChange={e => setTrustDevice(e.target.checked)}
+                disabled={busy}
+              />
+              <span>Trust this device for 30 days</span>
+            </label>
             <div className="otc-actions">
               <button type="submit" disabled={busy || code.length !== 6}>
                 {busy ? 'Signing in…' : 'Sign in'}

frontend/src/components/NotificationSettings.jsx

@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ import {
   getMe,
   setPasscode,
   clearPasscode,
+  listMyDevices,
+  revokeMyDevice,
+  revokeAllMyDevices,
 } from '../api.js'
 import { getConsent, onConsentChange, hydrateFromServer } from '../lib/consent.js'
 
@@ -54,11 +57,126 @@ export default function NotificationSettings({ viewer }) {
       <WatchesSection />
       <MutesSection viewer={viewer} />
       <SignInSection />
+      <DevicesSection />
       <PrivacyCookiesSection />
     </div>
   )
 }
 
+// ── v0.11.0: trusted devices (§6.2, roadmap item #9) ──────────────────────
+//
+// Lists the user's active device-trust rows and lets them revoke any
+// or all. A revoke marks the row dead server-side; the matching
+// device's next visit will be refused and the cookie cleared. The
+// surface intentionally does not single out the row whose cookie the
+// current request carries — every row reads identically, so the user
+// can revoke "this device" alongside any other from a single page.
+
+function DevicesSection() {
+  const [devices, setDevices] = useState(null)
+  const [error, setError] = useState(null)
+  const [busy, setBusy] = useState(false)
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    refresh()
+  }, [])
+
+  async function refresh() {
+    try {
+      const { items } = await listMyDevices()
+      setDevices(items || [])
+      setError(null)
+    } catch (e) {
+      setError(e.message || 'Could not load trusted devices.')
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function onRevoke(deviceId) {
+    setBusy(true)
+    try {
+      await revokeMyDevice(deviceId)
+      await refresh()
+    } catch (e) {
+      setError(e.message || 'Could not revoke device.')
+    } finally {
+      setBusy(false)
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function onRevokeAll() {
+    if (!confirm('Revoke trust on every device, including this one? You will be asked to sign in via email next time.')) {
+      return
+    }
+    setBusy(true)
+    try {
+      await revokeAllMyDevices()
+      await refresh()
+    } catch (e) {
+      setError(e.message || 'Could not revoke devices.')
+    } finally {
+      setBusy(false)
+    }
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <SectionShell
+      title="Trusted devices"
+      subtitle="Devices where you've checked “Trust this device for 30 days.” Sign-in is automatic on these devices until the trust expires or you revoke it."
+    >
+      {devices === null && <p className="settings-note">Loading…</p>}
+      {devices !== null && devices.length === 0 && (
+        <p className="device-empty">
+          No trusted devices. Sign in and check “Trust this device for 30 days”
+          to add the device you're on now.
+        </p>
+      )}
+      {devices !== null && devices.length > 0 && (
+        <>
+          <ul className="device-list">
+            {devices.map(d => (
+              <li key={d.id} className="device-list-item">
+                <div className="device-meta">
+                  <div className="device-ua">{d.user_agent || 'Unknown device'}</div>
+                  <div className="device-stamps">
+                    Trusted {formatStamp(d.created_at)} · last seen {formatStamp(d.last_seen_at)} · expires {formatStamp(d.expires_at)}
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+                <button
+                  type="button"
+                  onClick={() => onRevoke(d.id)}
+                  disabled={busy}
+                  title="Revoke trust on this device"
+                >
+                  Revoke
+                </button>
+              </li>
+            ))}
+          </ul>
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            className="device-revoke-all"
+            onClick={onRevokeAll}
+            disabled={busy}
+          >
+            Revoke all devices
+          </button>
+        </>
+      )}
+      {error && <p className="settings-note warning">{error}</p>}
+    </SectionShell>
+  )
+}
+
+function formatStamp(stamp) {
+  // The server emits SQLite `datetime('now')` strings (UTC, no
+  // timezone marker). Parse defensively; fall back to the raw stamp
+  // if Date can't make sense of it.
+  if (!stamp) return '—'
+  const d = new Date(stamp.replace(' ', 'T') + 'Z')
+  if (Number.isNaN(d.getTime())) return stamp
+  return d.toLocaleString()
+}
+
 // ── §6.2 sign-in (v0.10.0 / roadmap item #8): passcode management ──────────
 
 function SignInSection() {

frontend/src/components/PRModal.jsx

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
 import { draftPRText, openPR } from '../api'
+import { EVENTS, track } from '../lib/analytics'
 
 export default function PRModal({ slug, branch, branchIsPrivate, onClose, onOpened }) {
   const [title, setTitle] = useState('')
@@ -39,6 +40,9 @@ export default function PRModal({ slug, branch, branchIsPrivate, onClose, onOpen
     setError(null)
     try {
       const { pr_number } = await openPR(slug, branch, { title: title.trim(), description: description.trim() })
+      // v0.15.0 — analytics: fire on §10.2 PR-open success. slug
+      // and pr_number are the join keys; title/description stay out.
+      track(EVENTS.PR_OPENED, { rfc_slug: slug, pr_number })
       onOpened?.(pr_number)
     } catch (e) {
       setError(e.message)

frontend/src/components/PRView.jsx

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
   startResolutionBranch,
   withdrawPR,
 } from '../api'
+import { EVENTS, track } from '../lib/analytics'
 
 export default function PRView({ viewer }) {
   const { slug, prNumber: prNumberParam } = useParams()
@@ -135,6 +136,10 @@ export default function PRView({ viewer }) {
         anchorPayload: reviewDraft?.anchorPayload || {},
         quote: reviewDraft?.quote || null,
       })
+      // v0.15.0 — analytics: fire on §10.4 review-comment success.
+      // surface=pr distinguishes this from RFC discussion comments.
+      // No body text or quote material in the event.
+      track(EVENTS.COMMENT_POSTED, { rfc_slug: slug, pr_number: prNumber, surface: 'pr' })
       setReviewText('')
       setReviewDraft(null)
       await refresh()

frontend/src/components/ProposeModal.jsx

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
 import { proposeRFC } from '../api'
+import { EVENTS, track } from '../lib/analytics'
 
 function slugify(title) {
   return title
@@ -52,6 +53,10 @@ export default function ProposeModal({ viewer, onClose, onSubmitted }) {
         pitch: pitch.trim(),
         tags,
       })
+      // v0.15.0 — analytics: fire on the §9.1 propose-RFC submit.
+      // Slug is a stable, low-cardinality identifier (kebab-case
+      // ascii); title and pitch stay out of the event body.
+      track(EVENTS.RFC_PROPOSED, { rfc_slug: slug })
       onSubmitted?.(result)
     } catch (err) {
       setError(err.message || 'Submission failed.')

frontend/src/components/RFCDiscussionPanel.jsx

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import {
   postDiscussionMessage,
   resolveDiscussionThread,
 } from '../api'
+import { EVENTS, track } from '../lib/analytics'
 
 export default function RFCDiscussionPanel({ slug, viewer }) {
   const [threads, setThreads] = useState([])
@@ -100,6 +101,10 @@ export default function RFCDiscussionPanel({ slug, viewer }) {
         void message_id
       }
       setComposer('')
+      // v0.15.0 — analytics: fire on a successful discussion post.
+      // surface=discussion distinguishes this from PR review comments
+      // which fire from PRView with surface=pr. No body text.
+      track(EVENTS.COMMENT_POSTED, { rfc_slug: slug, surface: 'discussion' })
     } catch (err) {
       setError(err.message)
     } finally {

frontend/src/components/RFCView.jsx

@@ -43,7 +43,9 @@ import RFCDiscussionPanel from './RFCDiscussionPanel.jsx'
 import ChangePanel, { diffWords } from './ChangePanel.jsx'
 import PRModal from './PRModal.jsx'
 import GraduateDialog from './GraduateDialog.jsx'
+import InvitationsModal from './InvitationsModal.jsx'
 import { claimOwnership } from '../api'
+import { EVENTS, track } from '../lib/analytics'
 
 const MANUAL_IDLE_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000   // §8.6 idle window; exact value is impl detail.
 const MANUAL_DEBOUNCE_MS = 800
@@ -121,7 +123,15 @@ export default function RFCView({ viewer }) {
   const [drawerOpen, setDrawerOpen] = useState(false)
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    getRFC(slug).then(setEntry).catch(err => setError(err.message))
+    getRFC(slug).then(entry => {
+      setEntry(entry)
+      // v0.15.0 — analytics: fire RFC Viewed once per slug load.
+      // We key on the slug param rather than the loaded entry so a
+      // re-render doesn't double-fire; the slug is the stable
+      // identifier. id is included for join-friendliness in the
+      // Amplitude dashboard.
+      track(EVENTS.RFC_VIEWED, { rfc_slug: slug, rfc_id: entry?.id })
+    }).catch(err => setError(err.message))
     listModels(slug)
       .then(({ models, default: def }) => {
         setModels(models || [])
@@ -139,6 +149,11 @@ export default function RFCView({ viewer }) {
   const [showMetadataPane, setShowMetadataPane] = useState(false)
   const [showGraduateDialog, setShowGraduateDialog] = useState(false)
   const [claimError, setClaimError] = useState(null)
+  // v0.16.0 (item #12): the per-RFC invitations modal. Visible only to
+  // RFC owners (frontmatter) and platform admin/owner — the backend
+  // gates the underlying endpoints regardless, so a leaked toggle
+  // can't actually leak anything.
+  const [showInvitationsModal, setShowInvitationsModal] = useState(false)
 
   // Load main view + branch view whenever slug/branch changes.
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -624,6 +639,20 @@ export default function RFCView({ viewer }) {
               Graduate to RFC repo
             </button>
           )}
+          {/* v0.16.0 (item #12): owner-only invitations affordance.
+              Shown when the viewer is named in the RFC's frontmatter
+              `owners` list or holds a platform admin/owner role.
+              Available on both super-drafts and active RFCs. */}
+          {viewer && (viewer.role === 'owner' || viewer.role === 'admin' || (entry?.owners || []).includes(viewer.gitea_login)) && (
+            <button
+              type="button"
+              className="btn-link"
+              onClick={() => setShowInvitationsModal(true)}
+              title="Invite collaborators to this RFC"
+            >
+              Invitations
+            </button>
+          )}
         </div>
       </div>
       {claimError && (
@@ -856,6 +885,14 @@ export default function RFCView({ viewer }) {
         />
       )}
 
+      {showInvitationsModal && (
+        <InvitationsModal
+          slug={slug}
+          rfcTitle={entry?.title}
+          onClose={() => setShowInvitationsModal(false)}
+        />
+      )}
+
       {showMetadataPane && (
         <MetadataPaneModal
           slug={slug}

frontend/src/components/TurnstileWidget.jsx

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+// TurnstileWidget.jsx — v0.12.0 / roadmap item #10.
+//
+// Renders the CloudFlare Turnstile JS widget on the email-entry step of
+// `/login`. Reads the site key from `import.meta.env.VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY`
+// (Vite convention — VITE_* prefix is build-time embedded). When the
+// site key is unset/empty, this component renders nothing and reports
+// a `null` token through `onToken` so the parent form can still submit.
+// The backend's `TURNSTILE_REQUIRED` policy decides what happens to a
+// request that arrives without a token; the frontend is intentionally
+// not in that loop. See `backend/app/turnstile.py` for the matrix.
+//
+// The CloudFlare script is loaded once per page on first widget mount.
+// Subsequent mounts (e.g. user goes back to email-entry after a failed
+// OTC request) reuse the script tag and re-render the widget on the
+// fresh container `div`. Unmounting removes the widget instance via
+// `turnstile.remove(widgetId)` so a remount produces a new challenge
+// rather than reusing a stale, already-consumed token.
+//
+// Turnstile contract:
+//   * `data-callback` fires with the token string on a successful
+//     challenge; the token is single-use and expires after ~5 minutes.
+//   * `data-error-callback` fires on a failed challenge (network,
+//     blocked, etc.); we surface a `null` token so the parent shows
+//     a retry hint.
+//   * `data-expired-callback` fires when the token times out before
+//     submission; we also drop to `null` and re-render so the user
+//     gets a fresh challenge on retry.
+//
+// We do **not** import the CloudFlare script at build time; loading it
+// dynamically here keeps the bundle clean of an external request the
+// page may not need (anonymous viewers reading RFCs never see Login).
+
+import { useEffect, useRef } from 'react'
+
+const TURNSTILE_SCRIPT_URL = 'https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/api.js'
+const SITE_KEY = import.meta.env.VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY || ''
+
+// Promise-keyed: only one script tag, only one resolution chain.
+let scriptLoadPromise = null
+
+function loadTurnstileScript() {
+  if (typeof window === 'undefined') return Promise.resolve(null)
+  if (window.turnstile) return Promise.resolve(window.turnstile)
+  if (scriptLoadPromise) return scriptLoadPromise
+
+  scriptLoadPromise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const existing = document.querySelector(`script[src="${TURNSTILE_SCRIPT_URL}"]`)
+    if (existing) {
+      existing.addEventListener('load', () => resolve(window.turnstile))
+      existing.addEventListener('error', reject)
+      return
+    }
+    const script = document.createElement('script')
+    script.src = TURNSTILE_SCRIPT_URL
+    script.async = true
+    script.defer = true
+    script.addEventListener('load', () => resolve(window.turnstile))
+    script.addEventListener('error', reject)
+    document.head.appendChild(script)
+  })
+  return scriptLoadPromise
+}
+
+export function turnstileEnabled() {
+  return !!SITE_KEY
+}
+
+export default function TurnstileWidget({ onToken, theme = 'auto' }) {
+  const containerRef = useRef(null)
+  const widgetIdRef = useRef(null)
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!SITE_KEY) {
+      // No site key configured → surface a null token immediately so
+      // the parent form's submit-disabled gate doesn't lock up
+      // waiting on a challenge that will never arrive. The backend
+      // decides whether a tokenless request is admitted.
+      onToken?.(null)
+      return undefined
+    }
+
+    let cancelled = false
+    loadTurnstileScript()
+      .then(turnstile => {
+        if (cancelled || !turnstile || !containerRef.current) return
+        widgetIdRef.current = turnstile.render(containerRef.current, {
+          sitekey: SITE_KEY,
+          theme,
+          callback: token => onToken?.(token),
+          'error-callback': () => onToken?.(null),
+          'expired-callback': () => onToken?.(null),
+        })
+      })
+      .catch(() => {
+        // Script load failure — surface null so the parent can decide
+        // what to do (today: still let submit through; the backend
+        // policy decides admission).
+        if (!cancelled) onToken?.(null)
+      })
+
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true
+      if (widgetIdRef.current && window.turnstile) {
+        try {
+          window.turnstile.remove(widgetIdRef.current)
+        } catch (_) {
+          // Already gone or never registered — nothing to clean up.
+        }
+        widgetIdRef.current = null
+      }
+    }
+    // We intentionally do not list `onToken` in the dependency array;
+    // a parent re-rendering with a fresh closure should not tear down
+    // and rebuild the widget (which would consume a fresh challenge).
+    // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
+  }, [])
+
+  if (!SITE_KEY) return null
+  return <div ref={containerRef} className="turnstile-widget" />
+}

frontend/src/lib/analytics.js

@@ -0,0 +1,384 @@
+// analytics.js — v0.15.0 / roadmap item #13.
+//
+// Wrapper around `@amplitude/unified` (Amplitude Analytics +
+// Session Replay) that gates SDK initialization on the user's
+// cookie/privacy consent (v0.13.0, `frontend/src/lib/consent.js`,
+// SPEC §14.5). The wrapper presents a stable surface to the rest
+// of the app:
+//
+//     import { track, identify, anonymize } from './lib/analytics'
+//
+//     track('RFC Viewed', { rfc_slug: 'open-human-model' })
+//     identify({ user_id: 'u_123' })
+//     anonymize()  // call on sign-out
+//
+// At first import the wrapper:
+//   1. Calls `bootstrap()` once, which reads `getConsent()` and
+//      subscribes to `onConsentChange()`. If consent.analytics is
+//      true, it lazily imports the Amplitude SDK and calls
+//      `amplitude.initAll(API_KEY, { analytics: { autocapture: true },
+//                                     sessionReplay: { sampleRate: 1 } })`.
+//      If consent.analytics is false (or undecided), the SDK is
+//      not loaded — no network request, no cookies, no session
+//      replay recording. A later consent change to `true` triggers
+//      init at that moment.
+//   2. The wrapper queues `track()` and `identify()` calls made
+//      before init finishes (lazy import + consent grant), and
+//      drains the queue when init completes.
+//   3. If the user later flips consent from granted → denied, the
+//      wrapper calls `amplitude.setOptOut(true)` so subsequent
+//      events are dropped client-side and session replay stops
+//      recording (the SDK is still loaded — we cannot unload a
+//      script — but it stops firing).
+//
+// Consent precedence ladder:
+//
+//     consent.analytics === true   → init + track
+//     consent.analytics === false  → no init; or if already init,
+//                                    setOptOut(true)
+//     consent.recorded_at === null → treat as denied (banner is up;
+//                                    the user has not yet chosen)
+//
+// Session replay scope: this release ships session replay at
+// `sampleRate: 1` (100% of sessions are recorded for full-DOM
+// playback). That is the vendor-recommended default for new
+// Amplitude deployments. The v0.13.0 consent banner's single
+// "analytics" toggle gates both events and session replay together —
+// a separate consent category for session-replay specifically is a
+// §19.2 follow-up.
+//
+// API key resolution:
+//
+//     The build-time env var `VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY` carries the
+//     Amplitude project's API key. When it is unset/empty, the
+//     wrapper logs one console warning and no-ops — every public
+//     function becomes a deterministic no-op so dev environments
+//     (and deployments that intentionally don't ship analytics)
+//     keep working. The deploy gesture wires the key via flotilla's
+//     `overlay set` verb (see CHANGELOG for the operator gesture):
+//     Amplitude browser keys are bundle-embedded by design (visible
+//     to anyone with dev tools, same nature as the v0.12.0
+//     `VITE_TURNSTILE_SITE_KEY`), so the binding is overlay, not
+//     secret.
+//
+// PII discipline:
+//
+//     `identify({ user_id })` SHOULD pass only the opaque server-
+//     side user id (the `viewer.id` integer or string). DO NOT pass
+//     email, display name, IP, or any other PII through the SDK.
+//     Event properties SHOULD likewise stay limited to ids and
+//     enums; free-text fields (titles, comment bodies) MUST NOT be
+//     sent.
+//
+// Event taxonomy: defined in `EVENTS` below. Callers SHOULD use
+// one of these names rather than firing arbitrary strings — that
+// keeps the Amplitude dashboard coherent over time.
+
+import { getConsent, onConsentChange } from './consent.js'
+
+const API_KEY = import.meta.env.VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY || ''
+
+// Public taxonomy. Keep this short and stable — new entries should
+// land via a release, not ad-hoc. The strings match the Amplitude
+// dashboard names exactly (Title Case, spaces, no punctuation).
+export const EVENTS = Object.freeze({
+  PAGE_VIEWED: 'Page Viewed',
+  RFC_VIEWED: 'RFC Viewed',
+  USER_SIGNED_IN: 'User Signed In',
+  USER_SIGNED_OUT: 'User Signed Out',
+  RFC_PROPOSED: 'RFC Proposed',
+  PR_OPENED: 'PR Opened',
+  COMMENT_POSTED: 'Comment Posted',
+  BETA_ACCESS_REQUESTED: 'Beta Access Requested',
+  ADMIN_PERMISSION_DECISION: 'Admin Permission Decision',
+  // v0.16.0 / item #12 — per-RFC owner invites.
+  INVITATION_SENT: 'Invitation Sent',
+  INVITATION_ACCEPTED: 'Invitation Accepted',
+  // v0.17.0 / item #16 — admin-create user + invite email.
+  USER_INVITED: 'User Invited',
+  INVITE_CLAIMED: 'Invite Claimed',
+})
+
+// Internal state.
+let _bootstrapped = false
+let _amplitude = null       // The dynamically imported SDK module.
+let _initPromise = null     // Pending init (lazy import + sdk.init).
+let _initialized = false    // True after sdk.init has resolved.
+let _warnedNoKey = false
+let _pendingUserId = null   // identify() called before init resolves.
+let _pendingProperties = null  // identify({ properties }) or
+                               // setUserProperties() before init.
+const _queue = []           // {kind: 'track'|'identify'|'anonymize'|
+                            //  'setUserProperties', ...}
+
+function warnNoKey() {
+  if (_warnedNoKey) return
+  _warnedNoKey = true
+  // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+  console.warn(
+    '[analytics] VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY is unset; analytics events ' +
+    'and session replay will not be sent. This is expected in dev; ' +
+    'in production it means the operator has not yet run ' +
+    '`flotilla overlay set <deployment> VITE_AMPLITUDE_API_KEY=<key>`.',
+  )
+}
+
+function consentGranted() {
+  const c = getConsent()
+  return !!(c && c.recorded_at && c.analytics)
+}
+
+// Apply a {key: value} property bag as an Amplitude Identify event.
+// Used by both `identify({ properties })` and `setUserProperties`.
+function applyProperties(props) {
+  if (!_initialized || !_amplitude || !props) return
+  try {
+    const id = new _amplitude.Identify()
+    for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(props)) {
+      if (v === undefined || v === null) continue
+      if (Array.isArray(v) && v.length === 2 && v[0] === '__setOnce__') {
+        id.setOnce(k, v[1])
+      } else {
+        id.set(k, v)
+      }
+    }
+    _amplitude.identify(id)
+  } catch (_) {
+    // SDK errors are non-fatal; analytics is best-effort.
+  }
+}
+
+// Drain the queue. Called once init resolves.
+function drainQueue() {
+  if (!_initialized || !_amplitude) return
+  if (_pendingUserId != null) {
+    try { _amplitude.setUserId(_pendingUserId) } catch (_) {}
+    _pendingUserId = null
+  }
+  if (_pendingProperties != null) {
+    applyProperties(_pendingProperties)
+    _pendingProperties = null
+  }
+  while (_queue.length > 0) {
+    const item = _queue.shift()
+    try {
+      if (item.kind === 'track') {
+        _amplitude.track(item.name, item.props || {})
+      } else if (item.kind === 'identify') {
+        if (item.user_id != null) _amplitude.setUserId(item.user_id)
+        if (item.properties != null) applyProperties(item.properties)
+      } else if (item.kind === 'setUserProperties') {
+        applyProperties(item.properties)
+      } else if (item.kind === 'anonymize') {
+        _amplitude.reset()
+      }
+    } catch (_) {
+      // SDK errors are non-fatal; analytics is best-effort.
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Lazy import + init. Resolves once the SDK is ready to take events.
+// Idempotent: subsequent calls return the same promise.
+async function initSdk() {
+  if (_initPromise) return _initPromise
+  if (!API_KEY) {
+    warnNoKey()
+    // Resolve immediately with a no-op shape; the wrapper's public
+    // functions check API_KEY and short-circuit, so this never
+    // actually runs SDK code.
+    _initPromise = Promise.resolve(null)
+    return _initPromise
+  }
+  _initPromise = (async () => {
+    try {
+      const mod = await import('@amplitude/unified')
+      // The unified package exposes `initAll`, `track`,
+      // `setUserId`, `reset`, `setOptOut` as named functions.
+      // We hold the module so the queue drainer can call them
+      // by name.
+      _amplitude = mod
+      // initAll wires up both Analytics and Session Replay in one
+      // call. Vendor-recommended init shape from the Amplitude
+      // installation wizard:
+      //   - analytics.autocapture: true — auto-instruments page
+      //     views, session start/end, clicks, and form interactions.
+      //     Our explicit `track('Page Viewed', …)` etc. layer on top
+      //     for app-specific names that survive renames.
+      //   - sessionReplay.sampleRate: 1 — record 100% of sessions
+      //     for full-DOM playback. Gated by the v0.13.0 consent
+      //     banner just like the rest of the SDK; never starts
+      //     recording without explicit analytics opt-in.
+      const ret = mod.initAll(API_KEY, {
+        analytics: { autocapture: true },
+        sessionReplay: { sampleRate: 1 },
+      })
+      // initAll returns an AmplitudeReturn with a `.promise` accessor
+      // (consistent with the legacy `init`). Some unified builds
+      // resolve synchronously; await defensively.
+      if (ret && ret.promise) await ret.promise
+      _initialized = true
+      drainQueue()
+    } catch (err) {
+      // Init failure is non-fatal; keep the wrapper alive so future
+      // calls no-op. Log once for the operator.
+      // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+      console.warn('[analytics] Amplitude init failed:', err)
+      _initialized = false
+    }
+    return _amplitude
+  })()
+  return _initPromise
+}
+
+// Bootstrap is called lazily on first track/identify. It wires the
+// consent subscription so a later flip from denied→granted triggers
+// init at that moment, and granted→denied flips the opt-out.
+function bootstrap() {
+  if (_bootstrapped) return
+  _bootstrapped = true
+  if (consentGranted()) {
+    // Fire-and-forget; the queue catches any events that arrive
+    // before init resolves.
+    initSdk()
+  }
+  onConsentChange(snapshot => {
+    const allowed = !!(snapshot && snapshot.recorded_at && snapshot.analytics)
+    if (allowed && !_initPromise) {
+      initSdk()
+    } else if (allowed && _initialized && _amplitude) {
+      // Re-enable in case we previously opted out.
+      try { _amplitude.setOptOut(false) } catch (_) {}
+    } else if (!allowed && _initialized && _amplitude) {
+      // Granted → denied. Stop firing. We cannot unload the script
+      // tag; setOptOut is the SDK's contract for "drop subsequent
+      // events client-side".
+      try { _amplitude.setOptOut(true) } catch (_) {}
+    }
+  })
+}
+
+/** Fire a track event. Safe to call before consent / init resolve;
+ *  the call is queued and drained once both are true. Drops the
+ *  event silently if API_KEY is empty (with a one-shot warn) or
+ *  consent.analytics is false. */
+export function track(name, props) {
+  if (!API_KEY) { warnNoKey(); return }
+  bootstrap()
+  if (!consentGranted()) return
+  if (_initialized && _amplitude) {
+    try { _amplitude.track(name, props || {}) } catch (_) {}
+    return
+  }
+  _queue.push({ kind: 'track', name, props })
+}
+
+/** Attach an authenticated user id and optional durable properties.
+ *  Pass `{ user_id: '<opaque-id>', properties?: { role, first_sign_in_at, … } }`.
+ *  DO NOT pass email, display name, or other PII as user_id or in
+ *  properties. Idempotent — subsequent calls with the same id are
+ *  cheap; properties are merged into the Amplitude user record.
+ *
+ *  To mark a property as setOnce (immutable after first write),
+ *  pass `properties: { first_sign_in_at: ['__setOnce__', '2026-05-28T…'] }`.
+ *  Bare values use Amplitude's `.set()` (mutable).
+ *
+ *  Pattern (per #21 Part C):
+ *    - On sign-in success in App.jsx: identify with viewer.id + the
+ *      durable property bag (role, permission_state, first_sign_in_at
+ *      setOnce, passcode_set, device_trusted_count, account_created_at
+ *      setOnce).
+ *    - On invite-claim success in InviteClaim.jsx / AcceptInvitation.jsx:
+ *      identify with the new viewer.id + invitation-derived properties
+ *      (invited_by_admin_id, invited_at setOnce, initial_role, claim_method)
+ *      BEFORE firing any track() — so the Amplitude user record is
+ *      created with the OHM user_id from the first event, not as an
+ *      anonymous device that retroactively links. */
+export function identify({ user_id, properties } = {}) {
+  if (!API_KEY) { warnNoKey(); return }
+  if (user_id == null && properties == null) return
+  bootstrap()
+  if (!consentGranted()) {
+    // Hold for when consent lands; identify-on-sign-in is a common
+    // race with the consent banner choice.
+    if (user_id != null) _pendingUserId = user_id
+    if (properties != null) {
+      _pendingProperties = { ..._pendingProperties, ...properties }
+    }
+    return
+  }
+  if (_initialized && _amplitude) {
+    try {
+      if (user_id != null) _amplitude.setUserId(user_id)
+      if (properties != null) applyProperties(properties)
+    } catch (_) {}
+    return
+  }
+  if (user_id != null) _pendingUserId = user_id
+  if (properties != null) {
+    _pendingProperties = { ..._pendingProperties, ...properties }
+  }
+  _queue.push({ kind: 'identify', user_id, properties })
+}
+
+/** Update durable user properties on the current Amplitude user
+ *  record mid-session — for state changes that shouldn't wait for the
+ *  next sign-in to surface (role grant/revoke, passcode set, device
+ *  trusted, etc.). Same property shape as `identify({ properties })`.
+ *  setOnce values use the `['__setOnce__', value]` sentinel pattern.
+ *  Has no effect if no identify has happened yet — set the user_id
+ *  via `identify()` first.
+ *
+ *  Per #21 Part C: call this from any surface where the user's
+ *  Amplitude-relevant state changes mid-session, so the dashboard
+ *  stays current. */
+export function setUserProperties(properties) {
+  if (!API_KEY) { warnNoKey(); return }
+  if (properties == null) return
+  bootstrap()
+  if (!consentGranted()) {
+    _pendingProperties = { ..._pendingProperties, ...properties }
+    return
+  }
+  if (_initialized && _amplitude) {
+    applyProperties(properties)
+    return
+  }
+  _pendingProperties = { ..._pendingProperties, ...properties }
+  _queue.push({ kind: 'setUserProperties', properties })
+}
+
+/** Reset the user binding. Call this on sign-out so the next page
+ *  navigations are attributed to a fresh anonymous device id. Has
+ *  no effect when analytics is disabled.
+ *
+ *  Per #21 Part C: clears both the user_id binding AND the pending
+ *  property cache, so a subsequent sign-in as a different user
+ *  starts with a fully fresh slate (no carry-over properties from
+ *  the previous user). */
+export function anonymize() {
+  if (!API_KEY) { warnNoKey(); return }
+  _pendingUserId = null
+  _pendingProperties = null
+  bootstrap()
+  if (!consentGranted()) return
+  if (_initialized && _amplitude) {
+    try { _amplitude.reset() } catch (_) {}
+    return
+  }
+  _queue.push({ kind: 'anonymize' })
+}
+
+/** Test helper — exposed for unit tests, not for app code.
+ *  Resets module-level state so a fresh bootstrap cycle can be
+ *  exercised. */
+export function __resetForTests() {
+  _bootstrapped = false
+  _amplitude = null
+  _initPromise = null
+  _initialized = false
+  _warnedNoKey = false
+  _pendingUserId = null
+  _pendingProperties = null
+  _queue.length = 0
+}