human-experience-filter-art/player/ring.py

"""Scale-ring navigation: the endless-encoder closed loop of nature scales (§3).

Design: docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-07-scales-library-and-right-axis-pipeline-
design.md §3 (scale navigation & zoom transitions).

The scales-of-nature library is navigated as a CLOSED RING, not a line. A
dedicated endless rotary encoder — relative, vs the absolute 0..4 experience
knobs — walks the ring one step per detent; diving past the smallest scale wraps
around to the largest (the infinite-zoom payoff). Between each adjacent pair of
scales a short pre-baked AI zoom/warp transition plays.

This is the canonical navigation engine (Python-canonical, shared with the Pi
player/firmware); the simulator browser only renders what `advance_ring` returns.

Ordering convention:
  - index 0 = the LARGEST scale (cosmos); increasing index zooms INWARD toward
    the smallest.
  - +1 detent zooms in, -1 zooms out; BOTH wrap (past the smallest wraps to the
    largest, and vice versa).
  - edge i connects scales[i] -> scales[(i+1) % N]; the last edge is the
    small->large wrap seam. One transition clip per edge plays FORWARD when
    zooming inward and REVERSED when zooming outward, so N scales need only N
    transition clips.

Fast spin (§3, "transitions chain, or past a speed threshold a faster blended
pass is used"): a quick encoder spin batches many detents into one advance, so
`abs(delta)` is the input adapter's proxy for spin speed. Past an opt-in
`fast_spin_threshold` the move collapses to a SINGLE blended pass (the
arrival-edge clip, played fast) rather than chaining N full transitions, so a
fast spin stays responsive instead of grinding through every morph. The policy
is opt-in (default off) because this pure function cannot observe wall-clock
spin speed — the input layer (simulator/firmware), which can, enables it.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

from dataclasses import dataclass


# Default spin-speed cutoff for the input layer (simulator/firmware) to enable
# the fast-spin blended pass: 3+ detents batched into one advance() is a fast
# spin crossing several scales; 1-2 are deliberate single steps that chain. Tune
# by eye — it is a UX policy, not canonical ring structure.
DEFAULT_FAST_SPIN_THRESHOLD = 3


class RingError(ValueError):
    """Raised when a ScaleRing is structurally invalid."""


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class Scale:
    """A node on the ring: a scale of nature and the base clip it plays."""

    id: str
    clip_id: str


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class Transition:
    """A pre-baked zoom/warp morph along ONE ring edge.

    `file` plays FORWARD when zooming inward (scales[i] -> scales[i+1] in ring
    order); the renderer reverses it for the outward direction, so one clip
    covers both directions of an edge.
    """

    file: str
    model: str = ""


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class ScaleRing:
    """A closed ring of scales joined by per-edge transitions.

    Invariant: a ring of N>=2 scales has exactly N transitions (one per edge,
    including the small->large wrap seam). A degenerate single-scale ring has no
    edges. An empty ring is rejected.
    """

    scales: tuple[Scale, ...]
    transitions: tuple[Transition, ...]

    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
        n = len(self.scales)
        if n == 0:
            raise RingError("a ScaleRing needs at least one scale")
        expected = 0 if n == 1 else n
        if len(self.transitions) != expected:
            raise RingError(
                f"a {n}-scale ring needs {expected} transitions, "
                f"got {len(self.transitions)}"
            )

    def __len__(self) -> int:
        return len(self.scales)


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class TransitionStep:
    """One transition to play during a move: which edge clip, in which direction,
    and the scale index it lands on.

    `blended` marks the single collapsed step of a fast-spin pass (see
    `advance_ring`'s `fast_spin_threshold`): the renderer plays it as one quick
    accelerated morph straight to the destination instead of a full transition.
    """

    edge: int
    reversed: bool
    file: str
    to_index: int
    blended: bool = False


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class RingMove:
    """The result of advancing the encoder: where you end up and the ordered
    transitions to play getting there (chained for a multi-detent spin).

    `fast` is True when the move was collapsed to a single blended pass because
    the spin crossed the speed threshold (see `advance_ring`).
    """

    from_index: int
    to_index: int
    steps: tuple[TransitionStep, ...]
    wrapped: bool
    fast: bool = False


def scale_at(ring: ScaleRing, index: int) -> Scale:
    """The scale at `index`, taken modulo the ring length (wraps both ways)."""
    return ring.scales[index % len(ring)]


def advance_ring(
    ring: ScaleRing,
    from_index: int,
    delta: int,
    *,
    fast_spin_threshold: int = 0,
) -> RingMove:
    """Walk the endless encoder `delta` detents from `from_index` (signed).

    Returns a `RingMove` with the landing index and the ordered `TransitionStep`s
    to play. Inward steps (+) play edge i forward; outward steps (-) play the
    crossed edge reversed. `wrapped` is True if any step crossed the small<->large
    seam. A degenerate single-scale ring (or delta 0) is a no-op.

    `fast_spin_threshold` (opt-in, default off): when >= 2 and `abs(delta)` meets
    it, the spin is treated as fast and the move collapses to a single blended
    pass — one `TransitionStep` (the arrival edge, marked `blended`) landing
    straight on the destination, with `RingMove.fast=True` — instead of chaining
    every transition. See the module docstring (§3).
    """
    n = len(ring)
    start = from_index % n
    if n == 1 or delta == 0:
        return RingMove(from_index=start, to_index=start, steps=(), wrapped=False)

    direction = 1 if delta > 0 else -1
    steps: list[TransitionStep] = []
    wrapped = False
    index = start
    for _ in range(abs(delta)):
        if direction > 0:
            # zoom inward: edge `index` forward, land at index+1 (mod n)
            edge = index
            nxt = (index + 1) % n
            reversed_ = False
        else:
            # zoom outward: cross edge `index-1` reversed, land at index-1 (mod n)
            edge = (index - 1) % n
            nxt = (index - 1) % n
            reversed_ = True
        if edge == n - 1:
            wrapped = True
        steps.append(
            TransitionStep(
                edge=edge,
                reversed=reversed_,
                file=ring.transitions[edge].file,
                to_index=nxt,
            )
        )
        index = nxt

    # Fast spin: collapse the whole chain to a single blended arrival pass. The
    # landing index, seam-crossing, and arrival edge/direction are exactly those
    # of the full chain — only the in-between transitions are dropped.
    if fast_spin_threshold >= 2 and abs(delta) >= fast_spin_threshold:
        arrival = steps[-1]
        blended = TransitionStep(
            edge=arrival.edge,
            reversed=arrival.reversed,
            file=arrival.file,
            to_index=arrival.to_index,
            blended=True,
        )
        return RingMove(
            from_index=start,
            to_index=index,
            steps=(blended,),
            wrapped=wrapped,
            fast=True,
        )

    return RingMove(
        from_index=start, to_index=index, steps=tuple(steps), wrapped=wrapped
    )